ABSTRACT
Introdução: o processo de envelhecimento tem sido constante objeto de estudos epidemiológicos, em função do recrudescimento do número de idosos na população, resultando numa incessante busca de instituições de longa permanência. O uso de métodos de avaliação nutricional e de composição corporal em idosos dessas instituições pode ser considerado um diferencial na assistência multimodal. Objetivo: avaliar a composição corporal de idosos institucionalizados por meio da Absortometria Radiológica de Dupla Energia, atendidos do Hospital Santo Antônio, na cidade de Salvador, Bahia. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, analítico, corte transversal, com 13 idosos de ambos os sexos da referida instituição. Aplicou-se questionário sociodemográfico e de dados clínicos e os idosos foram submetidos a DXA, obedecendo a protocolos padrão para realização do exame. Resultados: predominância do sexo feminino (61%) e idade média de 79,5 (DP=7,0). As mulheres se destacaram por excesso de gordura corporal (61,5%) e, no que tange à reserva de massa muscular, a distribuição percentual e absoluta foi dividida de forma igual para ambos os sexos (50%). Conclusões: foi possível observar que grande parte dos idosos avaliados, e em especial mulheres, apresentou excesso de tecido corporal gorduroso, considerando todas as variáveis relacionadas à massa gordurosa corporal reveladas pela DXA. Estudos dentro dessa temática, no último ciclo de vida mais vulnerável são de suma importância, uma vez que o número populacional de idosos tem assumido nos últimos anos um crescimento exponencial.
Introduction: the aging process has been a constant object of epidemiological studies, due to the increase in the number of elderly people in the population, resulting in an incessant search for long-term care facilities. The use of methods for nutritional assessment of body composition in the elderly in these institutions can be considered a differential in multimodal care. Objective: assessing the body composition of elderly institutionalized people using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at Santo Antônio Hospital, in the city of Salvador, Bahia. Methodology: descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study with 13 elderly people male and female from that institution. A sociodemographic and clinical data questionnaire was applied and the elderly were submitted to DXA, following standard protocols for the examination. Results: prevalence of females (61%) and mean age of 79.5 (SD=7.0). Women stood out due to excess body fat (61.5%) and, with regard to muscle mass reserve, the percentage and absolute distribution was equally divided for men and women (50%). Conclusion: it was possible to observe that most of the elderly evaluated, and especially women, had excess body fat tissue, considering all variables related to body fat mass revealed by DXA. Studies into this theme are crucial in the last most vulnerable life cycle, since the number of elderly population has assumed an exponential growth in recent years.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Body Composition , Aged , Aging , Health of Institutionalized Elderly , Laboratory and Fieldwork Analytical Methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Iodine deficiency (ID) is recognized as a leading risk factor for child development. Universal salt iodization (USI) is an effective and well-established intervention strategy for the prevention of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). To evaluate the levels of iodine in household salt samples and the urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in schoolchildren aged 6 to 14 years in public schools in Bahia, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1231 students (6 to 14 years old) from 17 public schools in Bahia. The iodine concentration was evaluated in salt and UIC samples. The adapted Sandell-Kolthoff reaction was used to determine urinary iodine levels. A spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) was used to examine the reduction of ceric ammonium sulfate. A standard iodine solution using a potassium iodate was used to extrapolate the iodine concentrations. The total of 665 salt samples had a median iodine concentration of 24 mg/kg (25th-75th percentile 17.0 to 28.5 mg/kg). The largest proportion (79.6%) of salt samples had iodine concentration in the recommended range, 17.6% of the samples presented iodine at a salt concentration below the established level (<15 mg/kg) and a small proportion was above it (2.8%). The general mean urinary iodine concentration (MUIC) was 217.53 ± 28.30 µg/L and median was 205.50 µg/L. The students evaluated and the salt samples analyzed showed satisfactory results, as recommended by Brazilian legislation and nutritional recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO).
