Enhancing catalytic activity through the construction of praseodymium tungstate decorated on hierarchical three-dimensional porous biocarbon for determination of furazolidone in aquatic samples.

Boosting catalytic performance as a vital role for an electrochemical sensor for monitoring various hazardous nitro drugs. Herein, an inexpensive, facile, and eco-friendly construction of praseodymium tungstate decorated on three dimensional porous biocarbon (PrW/3D-PBC) for electrochemical determination of carcinogenic residue furazolidone (FZ). The nanostructured PrW nanoparticles were prepared by solvent evaporation from peroxo-tungstic acid and 3D-PBC was prepared from biomass precursor under the carbonization method. Furthermore, the composite of PrW decorated on 3D-PBC was prepared by an ultrasonic-assisted wet chemical approach. Besides, the composite characterization of crystalline, functional group, degree of carbonization, chemical states, and morphology were utilized by theXRD, FTIR, RAMAN, XPS, and FESEM analysis. These 3D porous carbon decorated PrW nanoparticles facilitate the electrochemical anchoring sites, surface area, and ease of diffusion layers towards the detection of hazardous nitro pollutant FZ by using CV analysis. The low LOD and high sensitivity were achieved by FZ determination through using LSV and DPV techniques. The practical capability of the PrW/3D-PBC/GCE sensor was determined by using aquatic samples to achieve a good recovery result. These results instigate that the PrW/3D-PBC will be an efficient electrocatalytic material for FZ sensor in environmental aquatic samples.

Self assembled three dimensional ß-Cu2V2O7 hierarchical flower decorated porous carbon: An efficient electrocatalyst for flutamide detection in biological and environmental samples.

The serious situation mandates the use of anticancer drugs, which protect people all over the world from the growth of prostate cancer. In particular, excessive dosage and erroneous discharge of flutamide concentration cause make environmental pollution on the surface of the wastewater. In this study, the highly sensitive and selective electrochemical approach based on copper vanadium oxide decorated porous carbon (denoted as ß-Cu2V2O7/PC) composite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) has been developed and it was applied for sensitive detection of anticancer drug flutamide (FTM). Moreover, using the co-precipitation method, the flower-like ß-Cu2V2O7 hierarchical microstructure was synthesized, and through the wet chemical process, the ß-Cu2V2O7/PC composite was obtained. The resultant product was characterized by XRD, FTIR, RAMAN, XPS and structural morphology established by FESEM analysis. Besides that, the electrochemical characterization and properties were analyzed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometric (i-t) techniques. The ß-Cu2V2O7/PC/RDGCE had two linear ranges at 0.01-2.11 µM and 2.31-30.81 µM. The lower limits of detection and sensitivity were found at 0.62 nM (S/N = 3), and 24.33 µA µM-1 cm-2 respectively. The practicability test was applied for the determination of FTM in urine, blood serum and environmental aquatic fluid with satisfactory recovery obtained.

Raspberry-like CuWO4 hollow spheres anchored on sulfur-doped g-C3N4 composite: An efficient electrocatalyst for selective electrochemical detection of antibiotic drug nitrofurazone.

We report a highly selective and sensitive electrochemical sensor for the determination of nitrofurazone (NZ) based on sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride with copper tungstate hollow spheres (Sg-C3N4/CuWO4). Here, a Sg-C3N4/CuWO4 composite was synthesized by a facile ultrasonic method. The physicochemical properties of the composite were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Then, the surface morphology of the composite material was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). Moreover, the electrochemical activity of the as-synthesized composite material was initially tested using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The electroanalytical techniques namely cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were carried out for the electrochemical studies. The proposed sensor exhibits lower LOD and good sensitivity of about 3 nM and 1.24 µAµM-1 cm-2 to NZ detection. In addition, the Sg-C3N4/CuWO4 modified electrode showed excellent repeatability, reproducibility, long-term storage stability and excellent selectivity. The developed sensor was successfully applied for the determination of NZ in human urine and serum samples and achieved good recovery results.