ABSTRACT
Antecedentes: Los abscesos y flemones de cuello son una patología grave signada por una elevada morbimortalidad. Objetivo: Efectuar un análisis de nuestros casos y sacar conclusiones para disminuir la morbimortalidad merced a tratamiento adecuado de estos pacientes. Diseño: Análisis retrospectivo. Población: 89 pacientes tratados con procesos infecciosos de distinto origen que desarrollaron abscesos y flemones en el cuello. Método: Revisión de datos de historias clínicas. Resultados: De 89 casos, fueron operados con drenaje y desbridamiento de los tejidos del cuello 84 (94,38 por ciento). 12 pacientes tuvieron mediastinitis descendente. La mortalidad de la serie por sepsis grave fue del 6,74 por ciento. Conclusiones: Las infecciones del cuello son una entidad grave. Su complicación más temida es la mediastinitis descendente. Deben ser intervenidos quirúrgicamente en forma urgente, drenando el absceso cervical y cuando es necesario, el mediastino (AU)
Subject(s)
Adult , Male , Humans , Female , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Aged , Cellulite/surgery , Abscess/surgery , Neck/surgery , Mediastinitis/etiology , Cellulite/etiology , Cellulite/mortality , Abscess/etiology , Abscess/mortality , Neck , Mediastinitis/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Streptococcal Infections , Staphylococcal Infections , Bacteroides Infections , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections , Bacterial Infections , Dental Caries/complications , Periapical Abscess/complications , Esophageal Perforation/complications , Oropharynx , Salivary GlandsABSTRACT
Antecedentes: Los abscesos y flemones de cuello son una patología grave signada por una elevada morbimortalidad. Objetivo: Efectuar un análisis de nuestros casos y sacar conclusiones para disminuir la morbimortalidad merced a tratamiento adecuado de estos pacientes. Diseño: Análisis retrospectivo. Población: 89 pacientes tratados con procesos infecciosos de distinto origen que desarrollaron abscesos y flemones en el cuello. Método: Revisión de datos de historias clínicas. Resultados: De 89 casos, fueron operados con drenaje y desbridamiento de los tejidos del cuello 84 (94,38 por ciento). 12 pacientes tuvieron mediastinitis descendente. La mortalidad de la serie por sepsis grave fue del 6,74 por ciento. Conclusiones: Las infecciones del cuello son una entidad grave. Su complicación más temida es la mediastinitis descendente. Deben ser intervenidos quirúrgicamente en forma urgente, drenando el absceso cervical y cuando es necesario, el mediastino
Subject(s)
Adult , Male , Humans , Female , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Abscess , Cellulitis , Mediastinitis , Neck , Abscess , Bacterial Infections , Bacteroides Infections , Cellulitis , Dental Caries , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections , Mediastinitis , Neck , Oropharynx , Esophageal Perforation/complications , Periapical Abscess , Retrospective Studies , Salivary Glands , Staphylococcal Infections , Streptococcal InfectionsABSTRACT
To evaluate the influence of the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) epsilon4 allele on the age at which Alzheimer-like lesions appear in the brain, we analyzed the degree of cerebral beta-amyloidosis and neurofibrillary tangle formation in the hippocampal formation and adjacent cortical areas 28, 27, and 36 of persons who had died between the ages of 50 and 93 years and who had shown no signs of clinical dementia. The occurrence of the three common polymorphisms of the ApoE gene in this sample of 147 routine autopsy cases from eastern Germany was comparable to previously reported values in European and North American populations: ApoEepsilon2/2, 0.7%; ApoEepsilon2/3, 14.3%; ApoEepsilon2/4, 4.1%; ApoEepsilon3/3, 56.5%; ApoEepsilon3/4, 22.4%; and ApoEepsilon4/4, 2.0%. Nondemented persons carrying the ApoEepsilon4 allele were significantly more likely to have senile plaques, diffuse amyloid deposits, cerebrovascular amyloid, and neurofibrillary tangles than were those lacking E4. Comparing the two largest ApoE subgroups, ApoEepsilon3/3 and ApoEepsilon3/4, the relative increase in the occurrence of beta-amyloid in the epsilon3/4 group was evident by the mid-60s, with the relative increase in neurofibrillary tangles in this group emerging slightly earlier. The ApoEepsilon2 allele appears to delay the appearance of the lesions somewhat. We conclude that ApoEepsilon4 promotes the early appearance of beta-amyloid and neurofibrillary tangles in the elderly and that the increased frequency of these lesions is related to the higher risk of Alzheimer disease in persons bearing the ApoEepsilon4 allele.
Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease/genetics , Apolipoproteins E/genetics , Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy/genetics , Neurofibrillary Tangles/pathology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Alleles , Alzheimer Disease/etiology , Alzheimer Disease/physiopathology , Apolipoprotein E4 , Apolipoproteins E/analysis , Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy/etiology , Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy/physiopathology , Cerebral Cortex/chemistry , Cerebral Cortex/pathology , Female , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Hippocampus/chemistry , Hippocampus/pathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Female zebra finches can be induced to develop a male-like song system by being exposed to a steroid as nestlings. After subsequent testosterone treatment they develop song whose quality depends on age and duration of early steroid treatment. This study compares the anatomy of two song nuclei with the birds' song quality. The capacity for song correlates with the volumes of the nucleus hyperstriatum, ventralis, pars caudalis (HVc) and the nucleus robustus archistriatalis (RA) and with the size of RA neurons.
