Infección de endoprótesis aórtica abdominal. Experiencia de una década y revisión de la literatura / Abdominal aortic endograft infection. A decade of experience and literature review

Introducción: La infección de endoprótesis de aorta abdominal (EVAR) es una entidad infrecuente, pero con una elevada mortalidad. Son escasas las publicaciones al respecto en nuestro país y no hay un consenso definitivo acerca de su manejo. Se acepta como gold standard la cirugía de explante, planteándose como alternativas la antibioterapia asociada a drenaje o limpieza del saco. Métodos: Revisión retrospectiva descriptiva de las endoprótesis aórticas tipo EVAR infectadas en nuestro centro terciario (Hospital Universitario de Cruces) en la última década (2010-2019). Resultados: Describimos las características clínicas y microbiológicas de 10 infecciones de EVAR, así como su manejo y resultados obtenidos. La incidencia de infección de EVAR fue del 3%. El tiempo medio hasta la presentación clínica de la infección fue de 16,9 meses (mediana de 4,5 meses). Se logró el diagnóstico microbiológico en el 100% de los casos (predominio de cocos grampositivos). La mortalidad global fue del 50% (sin embargo, la supervivencia fue del 100% tras limpieza quirúrgica del saco). Conclusiones: El cultivo de muestras de colecciones periprotésicas y saco aneurismático muestra una gran rentabilidad, llegando al diagnóstico microbiológico en todos los casos, a pesar de ser negativos los hemocultivos en un 50%. Destacan los buenos resultados obtenidos con la limpieza quirúrgica y preservación del dispositivo, asociada a antibioterapia. Sin embargo, en nuestra serie de casos se aprecia una importante heterogeneidad, lo que dificulta elaborar recomendaciones de manejo y obliga a individualizar el tratamiento.(AU)

Introduction: Aortic endograft infection is an infrequent but life-threatening complication after endovascular abdominal aortic repair (EVAR). There is no consensus on management of endograft infection and little evidence has been published in our country. Endograft explantation is considered the “gold standard” treatment whereas percutaneous or surgical perigraft and sac drainage associated to antibiotics should be considered and alternative therapy. Methods: We carried out a retrospective and descriptive review of abdominal aortic endograft infections at our tertiary center (Hospital Universitario Cruces) during last ten years (2010–2019). Results: We describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics of 10 EVAR infections, their management and outcomes. The incidence of graft infection after EVAR was 3%. The mean time to the clinical presentation of infection was 16.9 months (median 4.5 months). The microbiological diagnosis was reached in 100% of cases (predominance of gram-positive species). The overall mortality rate was 50% (although the survival rate was 100% after surgical drainage of the sac). Conclusions: Perigraft or aneurysm sac aspiration culture shows their diagnostic utility as microbiological diagnosis was reached in all cases despite of blood cultures being only positive in 50% of the samples. Surgical drainage and endograft preservation combined with antibiotherapy show remarkable results. The high heterogeneity in our case series makes difficult to offer general recommendations, thus far, a tailored approach to treatment is suggested.(AU)

Abdominal aortic endograft infection. A decade of experience and literature review.

INTRODUCTION: Aortic endograft infection is an infrequent but life-threatening complication after endovascular abdominal aortic repair (EVAR). There is no consensus on management of endograft infection and little evidence has been published in our country. Endograft explantation is considered the "gold standar" treatment whereas percutaneous or surgical perigraft and sac drainage associated to antibiotics should be considered and alternative therapy. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective and descriptive review of abdominal aortic endograft infections at our tertiary center (Hospital Universitario Cruces) during last ten years (2010-2019). RESULTS: We describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics of 10 EVAR infections, their management and outcomes. The incidence of graft infection after EVAR was 3%. The mean time to the clinical presentation of infection was 16.9 months (median 4.5 months). The microbiological diagnosis was reached in 100% of cases (predominance of gram-positive species). The overall mortality rate was 50% (although the survival rate was 100% after surgical drainage of the sac). CONCLUSION: Perigraft or aneurysm sac aspiration culture show their diagnostic utility as microbiological diagnosis was reached in all cases despite of blood cultures being only positive in 50% of the samples. Surgical drainage and endograft preservation combined with antibiotherapy show remarkable results. The high heterogeneity in our case series makes difficult to offer general recommendations, thus far, a tailored approach to treatment is suggested.

Abdominal aortic endograft infection. A decade of experience and literature review. / Infección de endoprótesis aórtica abdominal. Experiencia de una década y revisión de la literatura.

INTRODUCTION: Aortic endograft infection is an infrequent but life-threatening complication after endovascular abdominal aortic repair (EVAR). There is no consensus on management of endograft infection and little evidence has been published in our country. Endograft explantation is considered the "gold standard" treatment whereas percutaneous or surgical perigraft and sac drainage associated to antibiotics should be considered and alternative therapy. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective and descriptive review of abdominal aortic endograft infections at our tertiary center (Hospital Universitario Cruces) during last ten years (2010-2019). RESULTS: We describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics of 10 EVAR infections, their management and outcomes. The incidence of graft infection after EVAR was 3%. The mean time to the clinical presentation of infection was 16.9 months (median 4.5 months). The microbiological diagnosis was reached in 100% of cases (predominance of gram-positive species). The overall mortality rate was 50% (although the survival rate was 100% after surgical drainage of the sac). CONCLUSIONS: Perigraft or aneurysm sac aspiration culture shows their diagnostic utility as microbiological diagnosis was reached in all cases despite of blood cultures being only positive in 50% of the samples. Surgical drainage and endograft preservation combined with antibiotherapy show remarkable results. The high heterogeneity in our case series makes difficult to offer general recommendations, thus far, a tailored approach to treatment is suggested.

Isquemia aguda de extremidad inferior tras lesión arterial secundaria a hernioplastia crural / Acute lower limb ischemia after arterial injury secondary to femoral hernia repair

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Management and Evolution of a Wallstent Migration in a Pediatric Blunt Traumatic Abdominal Aortic Injury.

Blunt traumatic abdominal aortic injury in children is a rare but a severe condition. The clinical manifestation often involves other intra-abdominal visceral injuries and vertebral fractures. The best therapeutic management is still unclear with few reported endovascular cases treated. The following is the case of a 13-year-old male with an aortic abdominal dissection, spleen laceration, jejunal contusion, and hemoperitoneum after a motor vehicle collision. An endovascular approach was decided upon after the progression of the intimal aortic tear. A self-expanding stent was implanted into the injured position with an immediate proximal migration to the visceral aorta. It was decided not to retrieve the stent because of added comorbidity, and an open repair of the dissection was performed using a graft bypass. The patient has completed a 6-year image surveillance without complications or growth alterations. To our knowledge, this is the first reported childhood case of an intraoperative stent migration during the endovascular treatment of a blunt traumatic abdominal aortic injury. The possible cause of the complication and the management of these kinds of injuries are reviewed in detail in this article.