A Three-Dimensional Assessment of a Type I Shallow Palatogingival Groove by Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Case Report.

The palatogingival groove is a developmental anomaly on the palatal surface of the maxillary anterior teeth. The shallow groove, often less than 1 mm, is challenging to diagnose, particularly in radiographic examinations. Such grooves are mistaken for root fractures. In this case study, we explore the prevalence, types, radiological appearances, and treatment options of type I shallow palatogingival grooves encountered in cone beam computed tomography.

Concurrent Occurrence of Lobular Capillary Haemangioma and Port-Wine Stain: A Case Report and Literature Review.

A port-wine stain is a type of non-neoplastic hamartomatous malformation of capillary blood vessels, resulting from ectatic capillaries present from birth. Lobular capillary hemangioma is a form of capillary hemangioma that occurs from hamartomatous malformation of capillaries. In our report, we discuss the rare case of both port-wine stain and capillary haemangioma on the gingiva in a 22- year-old young male.

Evaluation of Nicotine Dependence Among Smokeless Tobacco Users Using the Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence Scale for Smokeless Tobacco.

Nicotine dependence is a current indwelling and challenging health burden among smokeless tobacco users as it involves the compulsive use of a substance despite its known harmful effects. The evaluation of nicotine dependence is challenging as it involves physical and psychological dependence due to nicotine in smokeless tobacco. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: The primary aim is to assess the nicotine dependence in a group of smokeless tobacco by using a six-question Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence for Smokeless Tobacco (FTND-ST) and to assess the nicotine dependence among three groups, namely Group - 1, who were exclusively pan masala, gutka chewers, Group - 2, who were exclusively Hans users, and Group - 3, who were exclusively betel quid with smokeless tobacco chewers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Only those who use smokeless tobacco in the age groups between 21 to 70 years were randomly selected. The total sample size is 100 patients. The age groups were divided into 21-28, 29-35, 36-42, 43-49, 50-56, 57-63, and 64-70. Informed consent was obtained from the participants of the study. RESULTS: The Hans chewers are predominantly females. Pan masala and gutka chewers are predominantly males. CONCLUSION: Smokeless tobacco chewers like pan masala were found to have high mean nicotine dependence Fagerstrom score than Hans and betel quid with smokeless tobacco chewers.