Eccrine angiokeratomatous hamartoma: case report of a 1.5-year girl.

Eccrine angiokeratomatous hamartoma is a rare newly defined vascular lesion of the skin, the first case of which was reported in 2006 (Kanitakis J, Ly A, Claudy A. Eccrine angiokeratomatous hamartoma: a new variant of eccrine hamartoma with angiokeratoma. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006; 55: S104-6). On web Literature Search, Only three previously documented cases of the lesions were found. A 1.5-year-old female child presented with a painless lesion on her right leg since birth which has been gradually increasing in size and recently developed central ulceration. Histological examination of the excised lesion confirmed the diagnosis. This is the first of the cases to be reported in paediatric age-group (<2 years).

An infant with nasal regurgitation since birth and failure to thrive.

The condition achalasia cardia is rare in paediatric age group, especially in infants. An 11-month-old female infant presented with complaints of oronasal regurgitation since birth and failure to thrive. Upper GI contrast study was conducted which demonstrated massive dilatation of lower 2/3(rd) of oesophagus with abrupt narrowing at lower oesophageal sphincter and positive 'bird beak sign'. On the basis of radiological findings infantile achalasia cardia was diagnosed and patient underwent modified Heller's Oesophagocardiomyotomy with anti reflux procedure. Post operatively the symptoms subsided and weight gain was noted after six month follow up. Although functional infant regurgitation and Gastro-oesophageal reflux (GER) is common in infancy, uncommon causes like achalasia cardia should also be considered as a differential when symptoms are persisting.

Combined bladder exstrophy and epispadias repair.

A 2-year-old male child of exstrophy-epispadias complex presented to us. He had not received any treatment at the time of presentation. It was decided to perform a combined bladder exstrophy and epispadias repair under general anaesthesia. There was a wide diastasis of symphysis pubis, it was decided to perform a bilateral anterior innominate and vertical iliac osteotomy. The bladder was closed in two layers. The urethroplasty and penile reconstruction was done by modified Cantwell-Ransley repair. At the completion of procedure to prevent distraction of pubis, the baby was strapped using elastoplast bandage. The child had a very good cosmetic outcome, good pubic and rectus muscle approximation. On clamping the suprapubic catheter, the patient started passing urine per urethrally and there was a small penopubic fistula. Thereafter the suprapubic catheter was removed. The urine culture was sterile and the patient was discharged on prophylactic antibiotics. The patient is due for follow-up.

Vomiting and food refusal causing failure to thrive in a 2 year old: an unusual and late manifestation of congenital duodenal web.

Congenital duodenal anomalies like atresia, stenosis and web or diaphragm commonly present in the neonatal age with signs of intestinal obstruction. Duodenal webs can sometimes present in early infancy and very rarely beyond infancy. The authors present a case of congenital duodenal web with a very small central aperture in a 2-year-old child with presenting features of persistent vomiting and resultant failure to thrive without any overt signs of intestinal obstruction.

Tracheoesophageal fistula and amastia with other anomalies: an unusual association.

An unusual association of esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) with left amastia and multiple congenital anomalies is presented because of its rarity and successful management. The other associated congenital anomalies included a high variety of anorectal malformation (high-ARM), hypospadias and absent left pectoral muscles with weak shoulder girdle. This case was successfully managed by multi-staged operations to tackle the various associated congenital anomalies. Such a rare association has not been reported previously in the literature.

Pig bite of prolapsed rectum in a child.

A case of pig bite to the prolapsed rectum in a 2(1/2) year old boy is reported because of its rarity and successful management in spite of delayed presentation.