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1.
Arq Bras Cir Dig ; 28(3): 190-2, 2015.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26537144

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The adoption of standardized protocols and specialized multidisciplinary teams for esophagectomy involve changes in routines with the implantation of expensive clinical practices and deviations from ingrained treatment philosophies. AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of standardized protocols and specialized multidisciplinary teams in São Paulo state, Brazil. METHODS: Institutions that routinely perform esophagectomies in São Paulo were contacted and questioned about the work team involved in the procedure and the presence of standardized routines in the preoperatory care. RESULTS: Fifteen centers answered the questionnaire: 10 (67%) public institutions and five (33%) private. There were seven (47%) medical schools, six (40%) with a residency program and two (13%) nonacademic institutions. The mean number of esophagectomies per year was 23. There was a multidisciplinary pre-operative team in nine (60%). There was a multidisciplinary postoperative team in 11 (73%). Early mobilization protocol was adopted in 12 (80%) institutions, early feeding in 13 (87%), routinely epidural in seven (47%), analgesia protocol in seven (47%), hydric restriction in six (40%), early extubation in six (40%), standardized hospitalization time in four (27%) and standardized intensive care time in two (13%). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of standardized protocols and specialized teams is very low in Sao Paulo state, Brazil. The presence of specialized surgeons is a reality and standardized protocols related directly to surgeons have higher frequency than those related to other professionals in the multidisciplinary team.


Subject(s)
Critical Pathways/standards , Esophageal Achalasia/epidemiology , Esophageal Achalasia/surgery , Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery , Esophagectomy/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Humans , Prevalence , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 28(3): 190-192, July-Sept. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-762829

ABSTRACT

Background:The adoption of standardized protocols and specialized multidisciplinary teams for esophagectomy involve changes in routines with the implantation of expensive clinical practices and deviations from ingrained treatment philosophies. Aim:To evaluate the prevalence of standardized protocols and specialized multidisciplinary teams in São Paulo state, Brazil. Methods:Institutions that routinely perform esophagectomies in São Paulo were contacted and questioned about the work team involved in the procedure and the presence of standardized routines in the preoperatory care. Results: Fifteen centers answered the questionnaire: 10 (67%) public institutions and five (33%) private. There were seven (47%) medical schools, six (40%) with a residency program and two (13%) nonacademic institutions. The mean number of esophagectomies per year was 23. There was a multidisciplinary pre-operative team in nine (60%). There was a multidisciplinary postoperative team in 11 (73%). Early mobilization protocol was adopted in 12 (80%) institutions, early feeding in 13 (87%), routinely epidural in seven (47%), analgesia protocol in seven (47%), hydric restriction in six (40%), early extubation in six (40%), standardized hospitalization time in four (27%) and standardized intensive care time in two (13%). Conclusion:The prevalence of standardized protocols and specialized teams is very low in Sao Paulo state, Brazil. The presence of specialized surgeons is a reality and standardized protocols related directly to surgeons have higher frequency than those related to other professionals in the multidisciplinary team.


Racional:A adoção de protocolos padronizados por equipe multidisciplinar especializada no perioperatório de esofagectomia melhora a morbimortalidade da operação, porém envolve implantação de práticas por vezes custosas e mudanças de rotinas e filosofias arraigadas. Objetivo:Avaliar a ocorrência de protocolos padronizados e equipe multidisciplinar para esofagectomia no estado de São Paulo. Métodos:Foram contactadas instituições que realizam esofagectomias rotineiramente e questionadas a respeito da equipe envolvida no procedimento e a ocorrência de rotinas clínicas padronizadas no perioperatório dos pacientes.Resultados:Das 15 instituições respondedoras eram 10 (67%) públicas e cinco (33%) privadas; sete (47%) escolas médicas, seis (40%) com programa de residência e duas (13%) não acadêmicas. Estas realizavam em média 23 esofagectomias por ano. Nove (60%) instituiçoes possuíam equipe multidisciplinar especializada no pré-operatório e 11 (73%) no pós-operatório. Devido a existência de protocolos, foram adotados: mobilização precoce em 12 instituições (80%); alimentação precoce em 13 (87%); epidural rotineira em sete (47%), protocolo de analgesia em sete (47%), restrição hídrica em seis (40%), extubação precoce em seis (40%), tempo de hospitalização padrão em quatro (%) e tempo de UTI padrão em duas (13%) instituições. Conclusão:É baixa a ocorrência de protocolos padronizados e equipes multidisciplinares especializadas para esofagectomia no estado de São Paulo. Observa-se elevada prevalência de cirurgiões especializados e maior frequência de protocolos relacionados diretamente aos cirurgiões, em detrimento aos outros profissionais da equipe multidisciplinar.


Subject(s)
Humans , Critical Pathways/standards , Esophageal Achalasia/epidemiology , Esophageal Achalasia/surgery , Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery , Esophagectomy/statistics & numerical data , Esophagectomy , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Surveys and Questionnaires
5.
Rev. bras. otorrinolaringol ; Rev. bras. otorrinolaringol;66(6): 620-625, Dez. 2000.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1023257

ABSTRACT

A primeira laringectomia total data de 1873, descrita, por Billroth, e foi acompanhada pela tentativa de reabilitação vocal com a prótese externa de Gussenbauer5. Nos últimos anos, as formas de reabilitação vocal evoluíram; e a utilização da fístula traqueoesofágica com uma prótese valvulada foi proposta por Blom e Singer em 198012. A colocação da prótese após a laringectomia é denominada secundária; e, apesar das evoluções referentes à prótese vocal, a colocação secundária utilizando anestesia geral e esofagoscópio rígido permanece como proposta por Blom e Singer em 1980, levando a complicações como mediastinite, celulite cervical, fratura de vértebra cervical e perfuração esofágica`'. Material e métodos: Este trabalho foi realizado em cinco pacientes laringectomizados reabilitados com prótese vocal do tipo Blom-Singer Indwelling low pressure, com colocação secundária através de nova técnica cirúrgica por endoscopia digestiva alta e sedação com midazolan, no período de junho a julho de 1999, dispensando desta maneira o uso de anestesia geral e internação. Resultados: Todos os pacientes foram reabilitados com a prótese traqueoesofágica, sem complicações relacionadas com a técnica cirúrgica, Conclusão: As vantagens desta nova técnica em relação à convencional são: 1) dispensa a anestesia geral; 2) não é necessária internação do paciente; 3) material simples e de baixo custo para colocação da prótese; 4) menores riscos de complicações, como: hemorragia digestiva alta; mediastinite; fratura de vértebras cervicais; perfuração esofágica; 5) menor trauma da mucosa da orofaringe e esôfago; 6) visualização direta do posicionamento da prótese no esôfago.


The first total laryngectomy dates of 1873 described by Billroth, and it was accompanied by the attempt of vocal rehabilitation with the Gussenbauer's external prosthesis of . In the last years the forms of vocal rehabilitation developed and the use of the tracheo esophageal fistula with a valvuled prosthesis was proposed by Blom and Singer in 198012. The placement of the prosthesis after laryngectomy is denominated secondary, and in spite of the evolutions regarding the vocal prosthesis the secondary placement using general anesthesia and rigid esophagoscopy stays as proposed by Blom and Singer in 1980, taking the complications as mediastinite, cervical cellulite, fracture of cervical vertebra, and esophageal perforation. Material and Methods: This work was accomplished in five patient submitted to total laryngectomy and rehabilitated with vocal prosthesis Blom-Singer Indwelling low pressure with secondary placement through new surgical technique by digestive endoscopy and mitigation with midazolan, in the period of June to July of 1999, releasing this way the use of general anesthesia and hospitalization. Results: All patients were rehabilitated with tracheoesophageal prosthesis, without complications related with the surgical technique. Conclusion: The advantages of this new technique in relation to the conventional are: l) releases the general anesthesia; 2) it is not necessary patient hospitalization; 3) simple material and low cost for the placement of the prosthesis; 4) smaller risks of complications, as: high digestive hemorrhage; mediastinite; fracture of cervical vertebras; esophageal perforation; 5) smaller trauma of the esophageal mucosa; 6) direct visualization of the positioning of the prosthesis in the esophagus.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Dysphonia/diagnosis , Laryngectomy/methods , Larynx, Artificial
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