ABSTRACT
Affiliated athletes are frequently subject to higher levels of anxiety due to the intensity of training, competition and many other factors. This anxiety can cause alterations in their health, both physically and mentally, such as menstrual irregularities, eating disorders, etc. In this work we have analysed the anxiety levels of a population of female affiliated paddlers and the possible consequences for their health. The results showed that a third of the female paddlers analysed have a moderate/high risk of suffering from anxiety; and within this group, the less sporting experience the athlete has, the greater the probability is of suffering from anxiety. Moreover, almost half the total of the female paddlers suffers from menstrual dysfunction before an important competition, with this number rising among high performance athletes, even though three out of every four adjust their training schedule to their menstrual cycle. Less-experienced female athletes, who show higher anxiety levels, also present a greater risk of suffering from eating disorders.
Subject(s)
Anxiety , Athletes , Feeding and Eating Disorders , Menstruation Disturbances , Humans , Female , Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Athletes/psychology , Menstruation Disturbances/epidemiology , Menstruation Disturbances/etiology , Adult , Spain/epidemiology , Young Adult , Risk Factors , Sports , AdolescentABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Assess whether the Asthma, Sport and Health (ASAH) programme taught by teachers improves asthmatics' quality of life, asthma knowledge, and reduces school absenteeism. DESIGN: Randomised cluster trial parallel group. PARTICIPANTS: 2293 students (203 asthmatic) in the Intervention School group (IS) and 2214 in the Comparison School (CS) (224 asthmatic) belonging to primary school. INTERVENTION: Implementation of the educational programme "Asthma, Sport and Health" at grade schools, taught by physical education teachers. MAIN OUTCOME: Quality of life according to the Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ). SECONDARY OUTCOMES: Asthma knowledge, asthma control, school absenteeism. RESULTS: After implementing the programme in the IS group, global quality of life improved significantly (p<0.001) as did their domains, symptoms (p<0.001), emotional function (p<0.001) and activity limitations (p<0.01), while in the CS group improvement was seen in global life quality (p<0.01) without any significant changes in the domains for emotional function and activity limitations. Asthma knowledge only increased in IS, among asthmatic students from 16.51 (CI 95% 16.04-16.98) to 18.16 (CI 95% 17.69-18.62) (p<0.001) and students without asthma from 15.49 (CI95% 15.36-15.63) to 17.50 (CI95% 17.36-17.64) (p<0.001). The multiple regression analysis showed that quality of life and its domains depend on asthma knowledge and above all, having well-controlled asthma. We found no decrease in school absenteeism. CONCLUSIONS: The ASAH programme improved certain quality of life aspects regarding asthma (emotional function and limitation of activities) and asthma knowledge, but it failed to reduce school absenteeism NCT01607749.
Subject(s)
Asthma/epidemiology , Health Education , School Teachers , Absenteeism , Child , Emotions , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , Male , Physical Education and Training , Program Evaluation , Quality of Life , Schools , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To develop quality indicators to measure asthma care in primary health care. METHOD: A modified RAND was used, which included the systematic review of the literature in Embase, Cochrane and Pubmed Quality Agencies and Database. The work group identified the indicators, translated them into Spanish and resolved any duplicates. Each indicator is composed of several dimensions (access to care, clinical effectiveness, patient-centred quality and patient safety). A multidisciplinary panel of 98 professionals from all over Spain were invited to score each indicator using a Likert scale. After calculating the average and median of each indicator, this information was sent to those who responded (n = 38) for a second round and further scoring. The agreement percentage for the group was obtained for each indicator. RESULTS: Of the 105 asthma indicators reviewed, we selected 46 that were presented to the panel of experts. In both Delphi phases, 37.1% of the members of the initial panel of experts responded. Of these, 26 were primary care paediatricians, six were pulmonologists, three were nurses, two were pharmacists and one was an allergist. For 32 indicators, agreement exceeded 70% and seven of those scored highest for the various care aspects for asthmatic children. CONCLUSION: Quality indicators are presented for the follow-up of asthma and their implementation in primary care, which have undergone a strict selection and agreement process by a multidisciplinary work group
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Asthma/diagnosis , Asthma/metabolism , Nebulizers and Vaporizers/classification , Patient Care/methods , Patient Education as Topic/methods , Pain Clinics/organization & administration , Asthma/nursing , Asthma/prevention & control , Nebulizers and Vaporizers/supply & distribution , Patient Care/standards , Patient Education as Topic , Pain ClinicsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To develop quality indicators to measure asthma care in primary health care. METHOD: A modified RAND was used, which included the systematic review of the literature in Embase, Cochrane and Pubmed Quality Agencies and Database. The work group identified the indicators, translated them into Spanish and resolved any duplicates. Each indicator is composed of several dimensions (access to care, clinical effectiveness, patient-centred quality and patient safety). A multidisciplinary panel of 98 professionals from all over Spain were invited to score each indicator using a Likert scale. After calculating the average and median of each indicator, this information was sent to those who responded (n=38) for a second round and further scoring. The agreement percentage for the group was obtained for each indicator. RESULTS: Of the 105 asthma indicators reviewed, we selected 46 that were presented to the panel of experts. In both Delphi phases, 37.1% of the members of the initial panel of experts responded. Of these, 26 were primary care paediatricians, six were pulmonologists, three were nurses, two were pharmacists and one was an allergist. For 32 indicators, agreement exceeded 70% and seven of those scored highest for the various care aspects for asthmatic children. CONCLUSION: Quality indicators are presented for the follow-up of asthma and their implementation in primary care, which have undergone a strict selection and agreement process by a multidisciplinary work group.
Subject(s)
Asthma/epidemiology , Quality Indicators, Health Care , Asthma/diagnosis , Asthma/drug therapy , Child , Consensus , Delphi Technique , Expert Testimony , Health Services Accessibility , Humans , Interdisciplinary Communication , Patient Safety , Patient-Centered Care , Primary Health Care/methods , Spain , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Introducción: Los conocimientos y las actitudes hacia el asma pueden condicionar la integración de adolescentes con asma en la escuela, así como a afectar su calidad de vida. Nuestro objetivo fue conocer el estado de los conocimientos y las actitudes sobre asma en centros de enseñanza secundaria y su relación con la calidad de vida de estudiantes con asma, como primer paso a una intervención educativa. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo y transversal en estudiantes de 13 y 14 años de edad y su profesorado en 26 institutos de Sevilla y provincia. Se han utilizado como herramientas de estudio el cuestionario de conocimientos NAKQ, el de actitudes de Gibson frente al asma y el Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire. Para valorar la normalidad de variables se usó el test de Kolmogorov-Smirnov y como tests no paramétricos la U de Mann-Whitney y W de Wilcoxon. Para la asociación entre variables, usamos coeficientes de regresión y la rho de Spearman. Resultados: Se han estudiado a 3.827 estudiantes (279 con asma) y 548 profesores. Todos tenían bajos conocimientos sobre asma. La calidad de vida en asma estaba leve a moderadamente afectada, más baja en mujeres 5,38±1,08 (IC del 95%, 5,20-5,55) que en varones 5,77±1,18) (IC del 95%, 5,56-5,97), p=0,0000. No encontramos relación entre conocimientos, actitudes y calidad de vida en el asma. Conclusiones: Se constata un bajo nivel de conocimientos sobre el asma en el alumnado y el profesorado. Los asmáticos presentan una afectación de la calidad de vida relacionada con el asma, de grado leve a moderado, que es peor en las chicas. Los conocimientos no tienen relación con las actitudes frente al asma en todos los grupos ni con la calidad de vida de los asmáticos(AU)
Introduction: Knowledge and attitudes toward asthma can condition the integration of adolescents with asthma in school and affect their quality of life. Our objective was to determine the state of knowledge, attitudes on asthma in secondary schools, and its relationship to quality of life of pupils with asthma, as an early step to an educational intervention. Methods: Descriptive and cross-sectional study of pupils aged 13 and 14 years old and their teachers in 26 schools of Seville and province. We used, as study tools, the Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire, the Gibson attitudes towards asthma, and the Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire. To assess the normality of variables, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used, and for non-parametric variables the U Mann-Whitney and W Wilcoxon tests were used. For the association between variables, we use the regression coefficients and rho Spearman. Results: We studied 3827 pupils (279 with asthma) and 548 teachers. All had little knowledge about asthma. The quality of life in asthma was mild to moderately affected, and lower in girls, 5.38±1.08 (95% CI=5.20 to 5.55) than in boys 5.77 (± 1.18) (95% CI=5.56 to 5.97), P=.0000. We found no relationship between knowledge, attitudes and quality of life in asthma. Conclusions: We found a low level of knowledge about asthma in pupils and teacher. Asthma sufferers have a mild to moderate asthma quality of life, which is worse for girls. Knowledge has no relationship with attitudes to asthma in all groups, or with the quality of life of asthma sufferers(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Asthma/epidemiology , Health Education/organization & administration , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Quality of Life , School Health ServicesABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Knowledge and attitudes toward asthma can condition the integration of adolescents with asthma in school and affect their quality of life. Our objective was to determine the state of knowledge, attitudes on asthma in secondary schools, and its relationship to quality of life of pupils with asthma, as an early step to an educational intervention. METHODS: Descriptive and cross-sectional study of pupils aged 13 and 14 years old and their teachers in 26 schools of Seville and province. We used, as study tools, the Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire, the Gibson attitudes towards asthma, and the Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire. To assess the normality of variables, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used, and for non-parametric variables the U Mann-Whitney and W Wilcoxon tests were used. For the association between variables, we use the regression coefficients and rho Spearman. RESULTS: We studied 3827 pupils (279 with asthma) and 548 teachers. All had little knowledge about asthma. The quality of life in asthma was mild to moderately affected, and lower in girls, 5.38±1.08 (95% CI=5.20 to 5.55) than in boys 5.77 (± 1.18) (95% CI=5.56 to 5.97), P=.0000. We found no relationship between knowledge, attitudes and quality of life in asthma. CONCLUSIONS: We found a low level of knowledge about asthma in pupils and teacher. Asthma sufferers have a mild to moderate asthma quality of life, which is worse for girls. Knowledge has no relationship with attitudes to asthma in all groups, or with the quality of life of asthma sufferers.
Subject(s)
Asthma/psychology , Faculty , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Quality of Life , Students/psychology , Adolescent , Asthma/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Prevalence , Rural Population , Schools , Sex Factors , Spain/epidemiology , Statistics, Nonparametric , Surveys and Questionnaires , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire for parents of children with asthma (NAKQ) has proven to be a valid instrument for asthma knowledge assessment of patients and their parents. The widespread use of the SRS-22 in non-English-speaking countries requires its transcultural adaptation. Our objective was to obtain a version of the NAKQ questionnaire adapted to Spanish and to analyze its validity and reliability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Spanish version was obtained by using the forward/back-translation method with expert, bilingual translators. The questionnaire was administered to 157 parents with high knowledge (n = 78) and low knowledge (n = 79) of asthma. The differences in the number of answers between both groups were analyzed with the chi(2) test. Internal consistency was determined with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and test-retest reliability with the tau-b of Kendall correlation coefficient, and kappa statistics. RESULTS: At the end of the process, 23 of the 31 items were classified as of total equivalence and eight ase of moderate equivalence. The mean score of parents high knowledge was 23 +/- 2.94 and the mean score of parents low knowledge was 16.84 +/- 2.56. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.72, the Kendall's tau-b 0,8573 was significant (p = 0.01) and the kappa index showed good or very good consistency in more than half of the items. CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish version of the NAKQ has proven to be acceptable and culturally equivalent to the original version and it has a good degree of consistency, validity and reliability.
Subject(s)
Asthma , Cultural Characteristics , Parents , Surveys and Questionnaires , Adult , Female , Humans , Language , Male , Middle Aged , Reproducibility of Results , Young AdultABSTRACT
Introducción: el Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire (NAKQ) ha probado ser un instrumento válido para evaluar los conocimientos sobre asma en pacientes y sus padres. El empleo extendido del NAKQ en países de habla no inglesa requiere su adaptación transcultural. Nuestro objetivo fue obtener una versión adaptada del cuestionario NAKQ al castellano y analizar su fiabilidad y validez.Material y métodos: para obtener la versión en español se ha seguido la metodología de traducción directa e inversa con traductores expertos bilingües. El cuestionario se administró a 157 padres/madres con gran conocimiento (n=78) y escaso conocimiento (n=79) de asma. Las diferencias en el número de respuestas entre ambos grupos se analizaron con la prueba de la χ2. La consistencia interna del cuestionario se determinó con el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach y la reproducibilidad test-retest, con el coeficiente de correlación tau-b de Kendall y el índice kappa.Resultados: al final del proceso, 23 de los 31 ítems fueron clasificados como de equivalencia total y 8, de equivalencia moderada. La puntuación media de los padres con gran conocimiento fue 23±2,94 y de los de escaso conocimiento fue 16,84±2,56. La diferencia entre los dos grupos fue significativa (p<0,001). El coeficiente global de Cronbach del cuestionario fue 0,72, la tau-b de Kendall fue 0,8573, con significación (p=0,01) y el índice kappa mostró en más de la mitad de los ítems buena o muy buena reproducibilidad.Conclusiones: la versión española del NAKQ es aceptable y equivalente culturalmente a la versión original y tiene un buen grado de fiabilidad, validez y reproducibilidad(AU)
Introduction: The Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire for parents of children with asthma (NAKQ) has proven to be a valid instrument for asthma knowledge assessment of patients and their parents. The widespread use of the SRS-22 in non-English-speaking countries requires its transcultural adaptation. Our objective was to obtain a version of the NAKQ questionnaire adapted to Spanish and to analyze its validity and reliability. Material and methods: The Spanish version was obtained by using the forward/back-translation method with expert, bilingual translators. The questionnaire was administered to 157 parents with high knowledge (n=78) and low knowledge (n=79) of asthma. The differences in the number of answers between both groups were analyzed with the χ2 test. Internal consistency was determined with Cronbachs alpha coefficient and testretest reliability with the tau-b of Kendall correlation coefficient, and kappa statistics. Results: At the end of the process, 23 of the 31 items were classified as of total equivalence and eight ase of moderate equivalence. The mean score of parents high knowledge was 23±2.94 and the mean score of parents low knowledge was 16.84±2.56. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.001). The overall Cronbachs alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.72, the Kendalls tau-b 0,8573 was significant (p=0.01) and the kappa index showed good or very good consistency in more than half of the items. Conclusions: The Spanish version of the NAKQ has proven to be acceptable and culturally equivalent to the original version and it has a good degree of consistency, validity and reliability (AU)
