[Correction of the lumbosacral orthosis in the patients presenting with patellofemoral pain syndrome with the use of physical exercise therapy]. / Korrektsiia myshechnogo korseta poiasnichno-kresttsovogo otdela pozvonochnika u patsientov s patellofemoral'nym bolevym sindromom metodom lechebnoi fizkul'tury.

THE RATIONALE: The differential approach taking into consideration the pathogenetic aspects of the pathological condition of interest with the identification of the principal cause of disorders in the musculo-skeletal system is a topical issue in the development of the measures for the rehabilitative treatment of the affected patients. Despite a great variety of methods and guidelines currently available for the conservative treatment of the musculoskeletal system diseases, further investigations and the development of the approaches and recommendations are needed for the correction and prevention of pathobiomechanical disorders and securing the optimal motor stereotype. AIM: The objective of the present study was to improve the existing methods for the correction of the lumbosacral orthosis in the patients presenting with patellofemoral pain syndrome with the use of physical exercise therapy for the improvement of their locomotor activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We have undertaken a randomized controlled clinical study involving 60 outpatients. They were divided into two groups designated as the main and control ones. The inclusion criteria were the age between 18 and 35 years, the feeling of discomfort or pain in the lumbosacral region, and the combined patellofemoral syndrome. All the patients underwent the comprehensive examination of the musculoskeletal system, and evaluation of pain intensity based on the relevant visual-analogue scales, stabilometry before and after the treatment of the patients comprising the main group with the use of the combined correction and of the control patients with the application of the conventional correction methods. RESULTS: The treatment with the use of the proposed original physical exercise therapy of the patients presenting with the pain syndrome in the lumbosacral region resulted in a reduction of its intensity by 27% on the average (p<0.05) and a significant 40% decrease in the frequency of dysfunction of the thoracoabdominal diaphragm. Simultaneously, the frequency of dysfunction of the muscles stabilizing the lumbosacral spine and the lower extremity on the side of the patellofemoral complex decreased by 53.4% and 17.8% on the average, respectively. Parameters of stabilometry evaluated from the results of the 'Mishen' (Target) test and the Romberg test with eyes closed improved by 1.9 times (p<0.05) and 2.5 times (p<0.05) on the average, respectively. CONCLUSION: The study has demonstrated that dysfunction of the sacral bone and muscles in the lumbosacral spine region responsible for the formation of the pain syndrome in the lower part of the back develops in 67% of the patients presenting with the patellofemoral pain syndrome. Physiotherapy including endurance-type exercises and activation of the muscles stabilizing the lumbosacral spine and lower extremities can improve results of rehabilitation.

Effect of muscle electrical stimulation on electrophysiological parameters of cardiac work in athletes.

During the period encompassing 10 sessions of the quadriceps femoris muscle electromyostimulation in athletes (n=72), the following cardiac parameters changed significantly: QT-interval dispersion and the incidence of supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles decreased, while the circadian index increased. No significant changes in the temporal- and frequency-domain parameters of the heart rate were observed, although there was a clear trend to normalization of the disturbed sympathovagal balance in the athletes.

Changes in parameters of laser-induced potentials after transcutaneous electroneurostimulation.

Changes in nerve conduction after 10-min electroneurostimulation of the posterior surface of the neck were studied. Changes in the parameters of laser-induced potentials obtained during stimulation of C7 dermatome on hands and posterior surface of the neck were found. Decrease in the amplitude and shortening of the component latency were shown. Method of laser-induced potentials was concluded to provide unbiased estimation of the level and peculiarities of analgesic effects of physical factors.

Changes in systolic and diastolic functions of the left ventricle and endothelium function against the background of electric stimulation in athletes.

Against the background of 10 procedures of electric stimulation of the quadriceps muscle of the thigh performed in 72 athletes we observed a significant increase in volume parameters of the left-ventricular systolic function and increase in diastolic function in a group of athletes during the recovery period. Significant increase in endothelium-dependent values was noted in both groups during electric myostimulation; it directly correlated with all metric and integral echocardiography parameters in main group.

[Complex correction of functional state in subjects with psychoautonomic syndrome]. / Kompleksnaia korrektsiia funktsional'nogo sostoianiia u lits s psikhovegetativnym sindromom.

The article presents the results of correction of functional condition in patients with vegetative disorders using non-pharmacological factors: modified autogenic training, cyclic physical exercise, respiratory gymnastics, contrast shower. The complex of the non-pharmacological factors corrects defects in interhemispheric relationships, relieves the severity of vegetative affection, improves psychoemotional condition, enhances functional potentialities of cardiovascular and respiratory systems in patients with psychovegetative syndrome.