Assessment of bulk-fill of resins microhardness longitudinal

Aim: This study aimed to assess the polymerization effectiveness of bulk-fill composite resins in longitudinal microhardness. Methods: Blocks of bulk-fill composite resin with thicknesses of 6 mm were analyzed with Vickers microhardness. The resin blocks were divided into two groups (n=6): resin AURA and OPUS. The microhardness test was performed before (base and top) and after (longitudinal microhardness) sectioning the blocks at distances of 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm from the top of the block. The mean microhardness values were tabulated and subjected to ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (p<0.05). Results: The OPUS bulk-fill resin samples presented microhardness means of 55.9 kgf/mm2, 53.7 kgf/mm2, and 49.3 kgf/mm2, the AURA bulk-fill resin samples presented microhardness means of 57,02 kgf/mm2, 55,86 kgf/mm2 e 51,77 kgf/mm2 for the distances of 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm, respectively. Tukey's statistical test showed a significant difference in microhardness values at different distances of 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm (p<0.001) for each resin. Although there was a statistically significant difference within and between the groups assessed, all samples showed polymerization effectiveness when comparing the top and base of the block. Conclusion: Polymerization was effective in different thicknesses (2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm) in both resins studied. The microhardness ratio was adequate when comparing the base and top

Effects of adhesive used as modeling liquid on the stability of the color and opacity of composites.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effects of adhesive type used as modeling liquid on the stability of the color and opacity of composites submitted to thermal cycling in staining solutions followed by a bleaching procedure. METHODS: Thirty cylinder-shaped composite specimens (10 mm diameter × 1.5 mm thickness) were built using or not using (control) an adhesive (Adper Universal or Scotchbond Multipurpose) as the modeling liquid. After polishing procedures, the color and opacity were measured, and the specimens were submitted to 200 thermal cycles with 10 s of dwell time in baths of grape juice at 5°C, water at 37°C, and coffee at 55°C. Changes in opacity and color caused by the staining solutions were measured. Then, the specimens were bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide for 45 minutes followed by color/opacity measurements. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: The use of modeling liquids did not affect the initial color and opacity of composite. Reduced changes to color (E00 = 3.44) and opacity (+2.67%) were observed for specimens modeled using Adper Universal. Bleaching procedures reduced the color (E00 = 1.9-3.8) and opacity (-2.3 to 3.1%) alterations caused by staining solutions but were unable to restore the values observed at baseline. CONCLUSION: The use of universal adhesive as modeling liquid significantly reduced the color and opacity changes caused by staining solutions, and the bleaching procedure partially re-established the opacity and color of the composites. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study evaluates whether using adhesive systems for modeling a composite affects the color and opacity changes caused by staining solutions followed by a bleaching procedure. The findings suggest that the use of a universal adhesive as modeling liquid can reduce the alterations in optical properties caused by staining solutions, and the application of high-concentrated hydrogen peroxide over the composite reduce the color changes without fully recover the initial color.

O planejamento da alta hospitalar pelo enfermeiro aos clientes das unidades clínicas e cirúrgicas: perspectiva da complexidade em saúde numa atitude transdisciplinar / The discharge planning by nurses to customers in the medical and surgical units: the perspective of complexity in health in an interdisciplinary approach

Muitos clientes são hospitalizados nas unidades clínicas e cirúrgicas, sendo setores que demandam dos profissionais de saúde ações diversificadas e complementares, tendo como meta atender a uma assistência integral. Daí surgiu a necessidade em entender sobre o planejamento da alta hospitalar, não como um processo técnico, mas como continuidade e integralidade da assistência além das fronteiras do hospital, mas sim no contexto do SUS e da complexidade. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram: identificar no planejamento da alta hospitalar realizado pelo enfermeiro, as interações realizadas com os clientes, com a equipe multiprofissional e com os familiares; descrever este planejamento realizado nas unidades clínicas e cirúrgicas pelo enfermeiro, durante as práticas de cuidado para saúde dos clientes; e analisar, segundo o referencial da complexidade, os conteúdos emergidos sobre o planejamento da alta hospitalar, considerando o contexto do SUS numa perspectiva inter e transdisciplinar do cuidado em saúde. O método delineado foi a abordagem qualitativa do tipo descritivo e exploratório, com triangulação entre técnicas de coleta de dados; no referencial teóricofilosófico da Complexidade. Quatro categorias emergiram deste estudo: o planejamento da alta hospitalar feito pelo enfermeiro; interações realizadas durante o planejamento da alta hospitalar; o cuidado para a saúde dos clientes a partir do planejamento da alta hospitalar e; a complexidade no planejamento da alta hospitalar. Os resultados mostraram ­ dentre outros achados - dificuldades no planejamento da alta hospitalar, como a predominância de uma visão fragmentada dos profissionais. Foram observadas orientações feitas pelas enfermeiras aos clientes próximos da alta hospitalar e, nos prontuários as escritas sobre alta hospitalar quase não apareceram. A visão multidisciplinar se contrastou com a não atualização pelas enfermeiras acerca do planejamento da alta hospitalar. Conclui-se que a perspectiva transdisciplinar é necessária no ambiente e entre os profissionais do HUAP, principalmente, quando se trata do planejamento da alta hospitalar. A perspectiva da transdisciplinaridade permanece neste estudo, uma vez que, o planejamento de alta hospitalar eficaz parte de atitudes dos enfermeiros, como elos das correntes de diálogo e interações entre os profissionais, familiares e, principalmente dos clientes hospitalizados

Many clients are hospitalized medical and surgical units, and industries that require health professionals diverse and complementary actions, aiming to meet the comprehensive health care. Hence arose the need to understand about the discharge planning, not as a technical process, but as continuity and comprehensive care beyond the boundaries of the hospital, but in the context of the SUS and complexity. The objectives of this research were to identify the discharge planning done by the nurse, interactions conducted with clients, with a multidisciplinary team and family members; describe this planning done in clinics and surgical units by nurses during care practices to clients' health and to analyze, according the complexity, the contents emerged about discharge planning, considering the context of SUS inter and transdisciplinary perspective of health care. The method outlined was the qualitative descriptive and exploratory, and triangulation of data collection techniques, the theoretical and philosophical complexity. Four categories emerged from this study: the discharge planning done by the nurse; interactions carried out during the discharge planning, care for the health of clients from the hospital and discharge planning; complexity in discharge planning. The results showed - among other findings - difficulties in discharge planning, as the dominance of a fragmented view of the professionals. Suggestions were observed by nurses to customers near the hospital and in the written records of discharged hardly appeared. A multidisciplinary approach is contrasted with not update nurses about discharge planning. It is concluded that the transdisciplinary perspective is needed in the environment and among professionals at HUAP, especially when it comes to discharge planning. The perspective of transdisciplinarity remains in this study, since the planning of hospital discharge effective the acctions of nurses, as links in the current dialog and interactions between professionals, family and especially of hospitalized patients

Idosos rualizados: um desafio para as intervenções de enfermagem / Elderly homeless: a challenge for nursing interventions

Objetivos: descrever o processo de rualização dos idosos e as implicações neste grupo; e discutir as possibilidades deintervenções de enfermagem segundo a Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) aos rualizados em instituições de abrigo.Método: trata-se de uma abordagem qualitativa a partir de revisão bibliográfica em bancos de dados do Programa deComutação Bibliográfica (COMUT), Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia (IBICT), Biblioteca Digital deenfermagem (Bdenf) e Literatura Científica do Caribe e América Latina (LILACS), além da consulta manual dos periódicose livros. A busca ocorreu por meio de termos: idosos, rualização, velhice, exclusão social e população de rua. Resultados:o processo de rualização do idoso como forma de exclusão social, decorrente do alcoolismo, pobreza e conflitosfamiliares, constitui um desafio para a enfermagem, frente à necessidade de ações efetivas de saúde especialmente noâmbito das instituições que abrigam provisoriamente os rualizados. Nesse sentido foram propostas doze intervençõessegundo Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) a esse tipo de clientela amparada nesse âmbito. Conclusão: aenfermagem gerontológica deve conhecer os problemas psicossociais destes idosos, criando elementos estratégicos e deações conjuntas com outros profissionais em busca de soluções efetivas que, além das intervenções, visem também àprevenção da rualização.