Knowledge of the workers of the construction industry about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and associated factors.

BACKGROUND: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) transmitted by biological, socioeconomic and cultural factors that increase the vulnerability of certain population groups such as civil construction workers. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the knowledge of workers in the construction industry about infection by HIV and associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted, including 381 construction workers, in the cities of João Pessoa, Cabedelo, and Santa Rita, in the State of Paraíba, Brazil, performed through interviews, using a data collection instrument with social demographic variables and the HIV Knowledge Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive measures, and for comparison between the categories the Kruskal-Wallis test was used, with margin of error of 5%. RESULTS: A predominance of male workers was observed (97.4%) among 381 workers; aged 30-39 (34.1%); married (81.4%); with up to eight years of education (66.6%); family income of up to 2x the minimum wage (52.8%) and coming from the country (43.8%). The average of correct responses was 63.3%, with higher indices (70.0%) related to transmission and forms of prevention. There were higher percentages of hits among those who had studied for 12 years or more. Workers from the capital of Paraíba presented a higher number of correct responses (67.44%). CONCLUSIONS: There is a low index of knowledge of construction workers about HIV, highlighting their consequent vulnerability to acquiring this infection.

Factors associated with sexually transmitted infections in sugarcane cutters: subsidies to caring for.

OBJECTIVE: to estimate the prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and associated factors in sugarcane cutters. METHOD: a cross-sectional, analytical study with 937 sugarcane cutters from Paraíba and Goiás, states of Brazil, respectively. An outcome variable was the positive results in some rapid tests for HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C. Bivariate and multiple analyses were performed to identify the association between these infections and sociodemographic and behavioral variables. RESULTS: all participants were male, most were young adults and had low schooling. Prevalence of STI was estimated at 4.1% (95% CI: 3.0-5.5). According to multiple regression analysis, the variables age over 40 years (OR 5.0; CI 95%: 1.8-14), alcohol consumption (OR 3.9; CI 95%: 1.3-11.9), and illicit drugs (OR 2.9; CI 95%: 1.3-6.3) were factors associated with the STIs investigated. On the other hand, having some religion (OR 0.4; CI 95%: 0.2-0.8), and work in the Midwest Region (OR 0.4; CI 95%: 0.2-0.9) were factors negatively associated with these infections. CONCLUSION: presence of risk behaviors for STI among sugarcane cutters. Screening for these infections in groups of rural workers is essential for early diagnosis and breaking the chain of transmission.

Factors associated with sexually transmitted infections in sugarcane cutters: subsidies to caring for* / Fatores associados às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em cortadores de cana-de-açúcar: subsídios para o cuidado* / Factores asociados con infecciones de transmisión sexual en cortadores de caña de azúcar: contribuciones para el cuidado*

Objective: to estimate the prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and associated factors in sugarcane cutters. Method: a cross-sectional, analytical study with 937 sugarcane cutters from Paraíba and Goiás, states of Brazil, respectively. An outcome variable was the positive results in some rapid tests for HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C. Bivariate and multiple analyses were performed to identify the association between these infections and sociodemographic and behavioral variables. Results: all participants were male, most were young adults and had low schooling. Prevalence of STI was estimated at 4.1% (95% CI: 3.0-5.5). According to multiple regression analysis, the variables age over 40 years (OR 5.0; CI 95%: 1.8-14), alcohol consumption (OR 3.9; CI 95%: 1.3-11.9), and illicit drugs (OR 2.9; CI 95%: 1.3-6.3) were factors associated with the STIs investigated. On the other hand, having some religion (OR 0.4; CI 95%: 0.2-0.8), and work in the Midwest Region (OR 0.4; CI 95%: 0.2-0.9) were factors negatively associated with these infections. Conclusion: presence of risk behaviors for STI among sugarcane cutters. Screening for these infections in groups of rural workers is essential for early diagnosis and breaking the chain of transmission.

Objetivo: estimar a prevalência de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST) e fatores associados em cortadores de cana-de-açúcar. Método: estudo transversal, analítico, com 937 cortadores de cana-de-açúcar dos estados da Paraíba e de Goiás, no Brasil. Considerou-se como variável de desfecho a positividade em algum teste rápido para HIV, sífilis, hepatite B e C. Análises bivariada e múltipla foram realizadas para identificar associação entre essas infecções e variáveis sociodemográficas e comportamentais. Resultados: todos os participantes eram do sexo masculino, a maioria eram adultos jovens e possuíam baixa escolaridade. Estimou-se uma prevalência para IST de 4,1%(IC 95%: 3,0-5,5). De acordo com a análise de regressão múltipla, variáveis como idade acima de 40 anos (OR 5,0; IC 95%: 1,8-14), consumo de álcool (OR 3,9; IC 95%: 1,3-11,9) e de drogas ilícitas (OR 2,9; IC 95%: 1,3-6,3) foram fatores associados às IST investigadas. Por outro lado, ter alguma religião (OR 0,4; IC 95%: 0,2-0,8) e trabalhar na Região Centro-Oeste (OR 0,4; IC 95%: 0,2-0,9) foram fatores associados negativamente a essas infecções. Conclusão: presença de comportamentos de risco para as IST entre os cortadores de cana-de-açúcar. O rastreio destas infecções em grupos de trabalhadores rurais é fundamental para diagnóstico precoce e quebra da cadeia de transmissão.

Objetivo: estimar la prevalencia de infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) y factores asociados en cortadores de caña de azúcar. Método: estudio analítico transversal con 937 cortadores de caña de azúcar de los estados de Paraíba y Goiás, en Brasil. Se consideró como variable el resultado positivo en algunas pruebas rápidas para VIH, sífilis, hepatitis B y C. Se realizaron análisis bivariados y múltiples para identificar una asociación entre estas infecciones y las variables sociodemográficas y de comportamiento. Resultados: todos los participantes eran hombres, la mayoría eran adultos jóvenes con bajo índice de escolaridad. Se estimó una prevalencia de ITS de 4.1% (IC 95%: 3.0-5.5). Según el análisis de regresión múltiple, variables como edad superior a 40 años (OR 5.0; IC 95%: 1.8-14), consumo de alcohol (OR 3.9; IC 95%: 1.3- 11.9) y drogas ilícitas (OR 2.9; IC 95%: 1.3-6.3) fueron factores asociados a las ITS investigadas. Por otro lado, factores como tener alguna religión (OR 0.4; IC 95%: 0.2-0.8) y trabajar en la región Centro-Oeste (OR 0.4; IC 95%: 0.2-0.9) tuvieron una asociación negativa en relación a estas infecciones. Conclusión: se advirtió la presencia de comportamientos de riesgo para ITS entre cortadores de caña de azúcar. La detección de estas infecciones en grupos de trabajadores rurales es esencial para la detección temprana de diagnóstico y para romper la cadena de transmisión.

Deontological aspects of the nursing profession: understanding the code of ethics / Vivencia deontológica de la enfermería: develando el código de ética profesional / Vivência deontológica da enfermagem: desvelando o código de ética profissional

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate nursing professionals' understanding concerning the Code of Ethics; to assess the relevance of the Code of Ethics of the nursing profession and its use in practice; to identify how problem-solving is performed when facing ethical dilemmas in professional practice. Method: exploratory descriptive study, conducted with 34 (thirty-four) nursing professionals from a teaching hospital in João Pessoa, PB - Brazil. Results: four thematic categories emerged: conception of professional ethics in nursing practice; interpretations of ethics in the practice of care; use of the Code of Ethics in the professional practice; strategies for solving ethical issues in the professional practice. Final considerations: some of the nursing professionals comprehend the meaning coherently; others have a limited comprehension, based on jargon. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the text contained in this code is necessary so that it can be applied into practice, aiming to provide a quality care that is, above all, ethical and legal.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprobar el entendimiento de los profesionales de enfermería acerca del Código de Ética; averiguar la relevancia del Código de Ética de los profesionales de enfermería y su utilización en la práctica; identificar la mecánica de resolución de los dilemas éticos en la práctica profesional. Método: estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, involucrando 34 (treinta y cuatro) profesionales de enfermería de un hospital universitario en João Pessoa, Paraíba. Resultados: han surgido cuatro categorías temáticas: concepción del saber ético profesional en el ejercicio de la enfermería; inferencias éticas del profesional en la práctica asistencial; utilización del Código de Ética en el ejercicio profesional; estrategias resolutivas de los embrollos (imbroglios) éticos en el ejercicio profesional. Consideraciones finales: parte de los profesionales de enfermería aprehende, de forma coherente, su significado; otros presentan una comprensión fragilizada y permeada de jergas. Por esta razón, es imprescindible que haya una mejor comprensión de las directivas contenidas en este código, para poder aplicarlo en la práctica asistencial con el intuito de ofrecer cuidados de calidad con respaldo ético y legal.

RESUMO Objetivo: verificar o entendimento de profissionais de enfermagem acerca do Código de Ética; averiguar a relevância do Código de Ética para os profissionais de enfermagem e sua utilização na prática; identificar como se dá a resolutividade diante de dilemas éticos na prática profissional. Método: estudo exploratório, descritivo, envolvendo 34 (trinta e quatro) profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital universitário em João Pessoa-PB. Resultados: emergiram quatro categorias temáticas: concepção do saber ético profissional no exercício da enfermagem; inferências éticas do profissional na prática assistencial; utilização do Código de Ética no exercício profissional; estratégias resolutivas dos imbróglios éticos no exercício profissional. Considerações finais: parte dos profissionais de enfermagem apreende, de forma coerente, seu significado; outros, apresentam compreensão fragilizada e permeada de jargões. Nesse sentido, é imprescindível haver maior compreensão das diretrizes contidas nesse código, para que ele seja aplicado na prática assistencial com o intuito de ofertar cuidados de qualidade e, sobretudo, com respaldo ético e legal.

Deontological aspects of the nursing profession: understanding the code of ethics.

OBJECTIVE: to investigate nursing professionals' understanding concerning the Code of Ethics; to assess the relevance of the Code of Ethics of the nursing profession and its use in practice; to identify how problem-solving is performed when facing ethical dilemmas in professional practice. METHOD: exploratory descriptive study, conducted with 34 (thirty-four) nursing professionals from a teaching hospital in João Pessoa, PB - Brazil. RESULTS: four thematic categories emerged: conception of professional ethics in nursing practice; interpretations of ethics in the practice of care; use of the Code of Ethics in the professional practice; strategies for solving ethical issues in the professional practice. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: some of the nursing professionals comprehend the meaning coherently; others have a limited comprehension, based on jargon. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the text contained in this code is necessary so that it can be applied into practice, aiming to provide a quality care that is, above all, ethical and legal.