ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To determine the relationship between mastication and malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults. RESEARCH STRATEGIES: To establish the eligibility criteria, the acronym PECOS was used: Population: non-institutionalized older adults; Exposure: older adults with malnutrition; Control: older adults without malnutrition; Outcome: masticatory problems in malnourished older adults; Study types: observational studies. SELECTION CRITERIA: It selected studies assessing malnutrition and mastication difficulties in non-institutionalized adults over 60 years old, of both sexes. Mastication and malnutrition were evaluated with questionnaires on self-reported symptoms and clinical and instrumental assessments. There were no restrictions on language, year of publication, or ethnicity. DATA ANALYSIS: The included studies were evaluated for methodological quality with the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for cross-sectional studies. For the cross-sectional studies included, the odds ratio (OR) was calculated with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: After searching the databases, 692 references were retrieved, with three studies selected for quantitative and qualitative analysis. The values obtained in the meta-analysis for association show that malnutrition and mastication difficulties were 2.21 times as likely to occur (OR = 2.21; 95%CI = 0.93 - 5.26; I2 = 94%) as individuals without malnutrition (p < 0.001). The assessment of the risk of bias presented a high-risk, a moderate-risk, and a low-risk study. The certainty of evidence was rated very low with the GRADE tool. CONCLUSION: Individuals at risk of malnutrition are 2.21 times as likely to have mastication difficulties.
Subject(s)
Independent Living , Malnutrition , Mastication , Humans , Mastication/physiology , Aged , Female , Cross-Sectional Studies , Male , Geriatric Assessment , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and overABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivo Comparar o tempo de transição alimentar e a forma de alimentação por via oral na alta hospitalar, entre recém-nascidos prematuros com diagnóstico de displasia broncopulmonar e prematuros sem o diagnóstico. Métodos Estudo transversal, retrospectivo com base na coleta de dados nos prontuários. Foram coletados dados de 78 recém-nascidos, em uma maternidade de referência. A amostra foi estratificada em dois grupos, de acordo com a presença do diagnóstico de displasia broncopulmonar, sendo um grupo de prematuros com displasia broncopulmonar e outro sem. Foram analisados o tempo de transição alimentar e o método de alimentação na alta hospitalar de ambos os grupos. Resultados Houve diferença significativa no tempo de transição alimentar e no método de alimentação na alta hospitalar entre os grupos. Os recém-nascidos pré-termo com displasia broncopulmonar apresentaram média de 18,03 (± 5,5) dias de transição e saíram em uso de mamadeira. Conclusão O grupo com displasia broncopulmonar necessitou de maior tempo de transição alimentar e teve menor frequência de aleitamento materno exclusivo, em relação ao grupo sem o diagnóstico.
ABSTRACT Purpose To compare the time of food transition and the form of oral feeding at hospital discharge, between premature newborns diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and premature newborns without the diagnosis. Methods Cross-sectional, retrospective study based on data collection from medical records. Data were collected from 78 newborns, in a reference maternity hospital, in which the sample was stratified into two groups according to the presence or absence of the diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The time of food transition and the feeding method at hospital discharge were analyzed for both groups. Results There was a significant difference in the time of food transition and in the feeding method at hospital discharge between the groups. Preterm newborns with bronchopulmonary dysplasia had an average of 18.03 (± 5.5) transition days and left using a bottle. Conclusion The group with bronchopulmonary dysplasia required a longer time of food transition and fewer ( of its ) infants had exclusive breastfeeding compared to the group without the diagnosis.
