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1.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 55(10): 526-531, oct. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-186202

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El pronóstico del cáncer de pulmón (CP) está relacionado directamente con el estadio de la enfermedad al diagnóstico. Material y métodos: Realizamos TC de baja dosis (TCBD) a personas asintomáticas ≥ 50 años, fumadores o exfumadores de ≥ 10 paquetes-año, sin antecedentes oncológicos. Seguimos un algoritmo de evaluación según el tamaño y la morfología de los nódulos. En los CP diagnosticados se estableció el tratamiento adecuado y el seguimiento fue de 5 años. Resultados: Estudiamos 4.951 personas (65,4% varones) con una media de edad de 56,89 ± 5,26 años; 550 presentaron nódulos. De 3.891 nódulos detectados, 692 (19,57%) fueron considerados positivos, hallando 38 tumores (36 CP). En el estudio anual, 224 sujetos mostraban algún nódulo, siendo 288 (7,91%) positivos (13 CP). En el 80% el control se realizó con TCBD y se indicó biopsia en el 5,8% (basal) y 7,6% (anual) de los nódulos positivos. La prevalencia fue del 0,89 y la incidencia del 0,1%. La sensibilidad, la especificidad, el VPP y el VPN en el estudio basal fueron del 92,31, del 89,54, del 6,55 y del 99,93%, respectivamente, y en el anual, del 76,92, del 95,7, del 4,52 y del 99,94%, respectivamente. Se detectaron 52 tumores (49 CP), 25 (52,08%) en estadio I. La supervivencia global de los CP fue del 58,5% a los 5 años, y la supervivencia cáncer específica, del 67,1% (75,8% en los pacientes quirúrgicos). Conclusiones: La TCBD integrada en un programa elaborado de detección y evaluación de nódulos es una herramienta útil para diagnosticar CP en estadio precoz


Introduction: The prognosis of lung cancer (LC) correlates directly with the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis. Material and methods: We performed low-dose CT (LDCT) in asymptomatic individuals ≥ 50 years old, smokers or former smokers of ≥ 10 pack-years, with no history of cancer. We followed an evaluation algorithm, according to the size and morphology of the nodules. The appropriate treatment for the LC diagnosis was given and patients were followed up for 5 years. Results: We studied 4,951 individuals (65.4% males) with an average age of 56.89 ± 5.26 years; 550 presented nodules. Of the 3,891 nodules detected, 692 (19.57%) were considered positive, and 38 tumors (36 LC) were identified. In the annual follow-up, nodules were found in 224 subjects, 288 (7.91%) of which were positive (13 LC). In 80%, the study was performed with LDCT, and biopsy was indicated in 5.8% (baseline) and in 7.6% (annual) of the positive nodules. Prevalence was 0.89 and incidence was 0.1%. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV in the baseline study were 92.31, 89.54, 6.55 and 99.93%, respectively, and in the annual study, they were 76.92, 95.7, 4.52 and 99.94%, respectively. A total of 52 tumors were detected (49 LC), 25 (52.08%) in stage I. The 5-year overall survival rate for LC was 58.5% and cancer-specific survival was 67.1% (75.8% in surgical patients). Conclusion: LDCT integrated into an elaborate nodule detection and evaluation program is a useful tool for diagnosing early-stage LC


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Radiation Dosage , Tomography, Emission-Computed , Small Doses , Prognosis , Sensitivity and Specificity , Radiotherapy Dosage , Algorithms , Survivorship , Bronchoscopy
2.
Arch Bronconeumol (Engl Ed) ; 55(10): 526-531, 2019 Oct.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31036378

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The prognosis of lung cancer (LC) correlates directly with the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed low-dose CT (LDCT) in asymptomatic individuals ≥50years old, smokers or former smokers of ≥10 pack-years, with no history of cancer. We followed an evaluation algorithm, according to the size and morphology of the nodules. The appropriate treatment for the LC diagnosis was given and patients were followed up for 5years. RESULTS: We studied 4,951 individuals (65.4% males) with an average age of 56.89±5.26years; 550 presented nodules. Of the 3,891 nodules detected, 692 (19.57%) were considered positive, and 38 tumors (36LC) were identified. In the annual follow-up, nodules were found in 224 subjects, 288 (7.91%) of which were positive (13LC). In 80%, the study was performed with LDCT, and biopsy was indicated in 5.8% (baseline) and in 7.6% (annual) of the positive nodules. Prevalence was 0.89 and incidence was 0.1%. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV in the baseline study were 92.31, 89.54, 6.55 and 99.93%, respectively, and in the annual study, they were 76.92, 95.7, 4.52 and 99.94%, respectively. A total of 52 tumors were detected (49LC), 25 (52.08%) in stageI. The 5-year overall survival rate for LC was 58.5% and cancer-specific survival was 67.1% (75.8% in surgical patients). CONCLUSION: LDCT integrated into an elaborate nodule detection and evaluation program is a useful tool for diagnosing early-stage LC.


Subject(s)
Early Detection of Cancer/methods , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Radiation Dosage , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
3.
RCOE, Rev. Ilustre Cons. Gen. Col. Odontól. Estomatól. Esp ; 11(3): 311-322, mayo-jun. 2006. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-120091

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos: La creciente complejidad de las técnicas dentales ha conllevado un aumento paralelo en la demanda de precisión diagnóstica. El desarrollo de la implantología dental ha hecho de la tomografía computerizada (TC) una herramienta de primer orden en la planificación del tratamiento. Nuestro objetivo es exponer las capacidades y características de la imagen de TC a la hora de tomar decisiones informadas e integrar así esta técnica en sus prácticas. Los profesionales dentales deben conocer las posibilidades de la TC al hacer sus solicitudes. Material y método: Mediante una revisión de la bibliografía más actual y didáctica describimos las indicaciones actuales de la TC en el campo de la odontología. Explicaremos los fundamentos técnicos de la TC y, por último, describiremos los diferentes tipos de imágenes que se pueden obtener con este procedimiento. Nuestro estudio aborda las indicaciones, tecnología de la TC, consideraciones geométricas y modos de reconstrucción de la imagen. Esta última incluye, representación en superficie, máxima intensidad, representación volumétrica y reconstrucción multiplanar. Resultados: Exposición detallada mediante iconografía de las distintas imágenes que se pueden obtener mediante TC según el sistema de reconstrucción utilizado (AU)


Introduction and goals: The increasing complexity of dental techniques has been correlated with increased diagnostic accuracy. Dental implantology development has placed computed tomography (CT) as the first diagnostic tool in treatment planning. Our aim is to explain the capabilities and features of CT imaging in order to allow dentists to take informed decisions and integrate this technique into their work.. Also, they must know CT diagnostic capabilities in their referrals. Objectives: the aim of this paper is to show the surgical technique used. Besides, the indications, contraindications and complications are described. Material and method: By means of a review of the most updated and didactic literature, we describe the current indications of CT in the field of dentistry. Finally, we will explain CT technology and the different kind of images obtained. The article is structured as follows: indications, CT technology, geometric considerations and image reconstruction techniques. This comprises surface rendering, maximum intensity, volume rendering and multiplanar reformatting. Results: Detailed exposition by means of pictures of the different kind of images obtained by CT, according to the reconstruction techniques used (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Surgery, Computer-Assisted/trends , Dental Implantation/trends , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/trends , Radiography, Panoramic/trends , Radiography, Dental/trends , Diagnostic Imaging/trends
4.
RCOE, Rev. Ilustre Cons. Gen. Col. Odontól. Estomatól. Esp ; 11(3): 311-322, mayo-jun. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-68905

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos: La creciente complejidad de las técnicas dentales ha conllevado un aumento paralelo en la demanda de precisión diagnóstica. El desarrollo de la implantología dental ha hecho de la tomografía computerizada (TC) una herramienta de primer orden en la planificación del tratamiento. Nuestro objetivo es exponer las capacidades y características de la imagen de TC a la hora de tomar decisiones informadas e integrar así esta técnica en sus prácticas. Los profesionales dentales deben conocer las posibilidades de la TC al hacer sus solicitudes. Material y método: Mediante una revisión de la bibliografía más actual y didáctica describimos las indicaciones actuales de la TC en el campo de la odontología. Explicaremos los fundamentos técnicos de la TC y, por último, describiremos los diferentes tipos de imágenes que se pueden obtener con este procedimiento. Nuestro estudio aborda las indicaciones, tecnología de la TC, consideraciones geométricas y modos de reconstrucción de la imagen. Esta última incluye, representación en superficie, máxima intensidad, representación volumétrica y reconstrucción multiplanar. Resultados: Exposición detallada mediante iconografía de las distintas imágenes que se pueden obtener mediante TC según el sistema de reconstrucción utilizado


Introduction and goals: The increasing complexity of dental techniques has been correlated with increased diagnostic accuracy. Dental implantology development has placed computed tomography (CT) as the first diagnostic tool in treatment planning. Our aim is to explain the capabilities and features of CT imaging in order to allow dentists to take informed decisions and integrate this technique into their work.. Also, they must know CT diagnostic capabilities in their referrals. Objectives: the aim of this paper is to show the surgical technique used. Besides, the indications, contraindications and complications are described. Material and method: By means of a review of the most updated and didactic literature, we describe the current indications of CT in the field of dentistry. Finally, we will explain CT technology and the different kind of images obtained. The article is structured as follows: indications, CT technology, geometric considerations and image reconstruction techniques. This comprises surface rendering, maximum intensity, volume rendering and multiplanar reformatting. Results: Detailed exposition by means of pictures of the different kind of images obtained by CT, according to the reconstruction techniques used


Subject(s)
Humans , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Tooth Diseases/diagnosis , Mouth/anatomy & histology
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