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1.
Cells ; 11(8)2022 04 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35455962

ABSTRACT

The risk of complications following surgical procedures is significantly increased in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the mechanisms underlying these correlations are not fully known. Spinal cord injury (SCI) patients who underwent reconstructive surgery for pressure ulcers (PUs) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were included in this study. The patient's postoperative progression was registered, and the subcutaneous white adipose tissue (s-WAT) surrounding the ulcers was analyzed by proteomic and immunohistochemical assays to identify the molecular/cellular signatures of impaired recovery. Patients with SCI and a COVID-19-positive diagnosis showed worse recovery and severe postoperative complications, requiring reintervention. Several proteins were upregulated in the adipose tissue of these patients. Among them, CKMT2 and CKM stood out, and CKM increased for up to 60 days after the COVID-19 diagnosis. Moreover, CKMT2 and CKM were largely found in MGCs within the s-WAT of COVID patients. Some of these proteins presented post-translational modifications and were targeted by autoantibodies in the serum of COVID patients. Overall, our results indicate that CKMT2, CKM, and the presence of MGCs in the adipose tissue surrounding PUs in post-COVID patients could be predictive biomarkers of postsurgical complications. These results suggest that the inflammatory response in adipose tissue may underlie the defective repair seen after surgery.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Pressure Ulcer , Spinal Cord Injuries , Adipose Tissue/metabolism , COVID-19/complications , COVID-19 Testing , Creatine Kinase/metabolism , Creatine Kinase, Mitochondrial Form/metabolism , Humans , Pandemics , Pressure Ulcer/epidemiology , Pressure Ulcer/etiology , Pressure Ulcer/surgery , Proteomics , SARS-CoV-2 , Spinal Cord Injuries/complications , Spinal Cord Injuries/surgery , Suppuration/complications , Up-Regulation
2.
Front Immunol ; 9: 2365, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30364218

ABSTRACT

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in long-term neurological and systemic consequences, including antibody-mediated autoimmunity, which has been related to impaired functional recovery. Here we show that autoantibodies that increase at the subacute phase of human SCI, 1 month after lesion, are already present in healthy subjects and directed against non-native proteins rarely present in the normal spinal cord. The increase of these autoantibodies is a fast phenomenon-their levels are already elevated before 5 days after lesion-characteristic of secondary immune responses, further supporting their origin as natural antibodies. By proteomics studies we have identified that the increased autoantibodies are directed against 16 different nervous system and systemic self-antigens related to changes known to occur after SCI, including alterations in neural cell cytoskeleton, metabolism and bone remodeling. Overall, in the context of previous studies, our results offer an explanation to why autoimmunity develops after SCI and identify novel targets involved in SCI pathology that warrant further investigation.


Subject(s)
Autoantibodies/immunology , Disease Susceptibility , Spinal Cord Injuries/etiology , Adult , Animals , Astrocytes/metabolism , Biomarkers , Disease Models, Animal , Female , Humans , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Immunoglobulin M/immunology , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Middle Aged , Neurons/metabolism , Oligodendroglia/metabolism , Rats , Severity of Illness Index , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization , Spinal Cord Injuries/metabolism , Spinal Cord Injuries/pathology
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