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1.
Front Immunol ; 13: 768592, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36211444

ABSTRACT

In cancer, tumor cells and their neoplastic microenvironment can sculpt the immunogenic phenotype of a developing tumor. In this context, natural killer (NK) cells are subtypes of lymphocytes of the innate immune system recognized for their potential to eliminate neoplastic cells, not only through direct cytolytic activity but also by favoring the development of an adaptive antitumor immune response. Even though the protective effect against leukemia due to NK-cell alloreactivity mediated by the absence of the KIR-ligand has already been shown, and some data on the role of NK cells in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) has been explored, their mechanisms of immune escape have not been fully investigated. It is still unclear whether NK cells can affect the biology of BCR-ABL1-negative MPN and which mechanisms are involved in the control of leukemic stem cell expansion. Aiming to investigate the potential contribution of NK cells to the pathogenesis of MPN, we characterized the frequency, receptor expression, maturation profile, and function of NK cells from a conditional Jak2V617F murine transgenic model, which faithfully resembles the main clinical and laboratory characteristics of human polycythemia vera, and MPN patients. Immunophenotypic analysis was performed to characterize NK frequency, their subtypes, and receptor expression in both mutated and wild-type samples. We observed a higher frequency of total NK cells in JAK2V617F mutated MPN and a maturation arrest that resulted in low-numbered mature CD11b+ NK cells and increased immature secretory CD27+ cells in both human and murine mutated samples. In agreement, inhibitory receptors were more expressed in MPN. NK cells from Jak2V617F mice presented a lower potential for proliferation and activation than wild-type NK cells. Colonies generated by murine hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) after mutated or wild-type NK co-culture exposure demonstrated that NK cells from Jak2V617F mice were deficient in regulating differentiation and clonogenic capacity. In conclusion, our findings suggest that NK cells have an immature profile with deficient cytotoxicity that may lead to impaired tumor surveillance in MPN. These data provide a new perspective on the behavior of NK cells in the context of myeloid malignancies and can contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies, targeting onco-inflammatory pathways that can potentially control transformed HSCs.


Subject(s)
Killer Cells, Natural , Myeloproliferative Disorders , Animals , Humans , Mice , Janus Kinase 2/genetics , Janus Kinase 2/metabolism , Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism , Leukemia/genetics , Leukemia/metabolism , Ligands , Myeloproliferative Disorders/genetics , Myeloproliferative Disorders/pathology , Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
2.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 99(2): 303-305, 2018 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29943714

ABSTRACT

We report five cases of Q fever among cadets during a training program for Military Firefighters Academy in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This cluster confirms the significance of Coxiella burnetii as an infectious agent in Brazil, where the occurrence of this zoonosis is poorly documented and highlights the potential risk for Q fever transmission in rural areas or farms with infected animals.


Subject(s)
Firefighters , Military Personnel , Q Fever/diagnosis , Adult , Animals , Brazil/epidemiology , Coxiella burnetii/genetics , Coxiella burnetii/isolation & purification , DNA, Bacterial , Humans , Male , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Q Fever/epidemiology , Q Fever/transmission , Teaching , Young Adult , Zoonoses/epidemiology , Zoonoses/microbiology , Zoonoses/transmission
3.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 29(6): 512-516, nov.-dez.2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-832444

ABSTRACT

Devido ao aumento da expectativa de vida e, consequentemente, do número de pacientes com doenças crônicas e comorbidades associadas, a preocupação com a qualidade de vida destas pessoas torna-se imperativa. Questionários validados têm sido utilizados para a quantificação da qualidade de vida, sendo o Miniquestionário de Qualidade de Vida em Hipertensão Arterial (MINICHAL) um instrumento específico para a população de hipertensos. Com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade de vida de funcionários hipertensos de uma empresa pública participante do Programa de Apoio à Hipertensão Arterial, foram avaliados 48 pacientes utilizando-se o MINICHAL. Os valores da mediana dos escores, correspondentes aos domínios mental, somático e global, foram, 3, 1 e 4, respectivamente, o que indica boa qualidade de vida. Embora nenhuma das variáveis mensuradas tenha influenciado na pontuação de maneira significativa, a variável sexo foi determinante para a modificação do resultado, sendo o escore mais elevado nas mulheres, indicando pior qualidade de vida.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Hypertension/diagnosis , Hypertension/physiopathology , Morbidity Surveys , Sickness Impact Profile , Surveys and Questionnaires , Survival Analysis , Chronic Disease
4.
Estud. psicol. (Campinas) ; 28(2): 229-240, abr.-jun. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-595969

ABSTRACT

Neste estudo não controlado intrassujeitos, 21 idosos com Alzheimer ou outras demências participaram de um Programa de Reabilitação Neuropsicológica, com oficinas de jardinagem e pistas coloridas. Após o programa, houve aumento nos escores dos seguintes testes: Miniexame do Estado Mental (Z=-1,98, p<0,05); Subteste Verbal de Semelhanças da Escala Wechsler [(Z=-2,09) p<0,05] e Subteste de Aprendizagem de Pares de Fácil Associação para Evocação Tardia da Escala de Memória de Wechsler [(Z=-2,07) p<0,05]. Paralelamente, observou-se redução dos escores de depressão na Escala de Depressão Geriátrica de Yesavage [(Z=-3,02) p<0,00]. Foi demonstrado ainda que essa redução estava associada à aprendizagem de pistas contextuais (reminiscências e sinalizadores) e ao tratamento com anticolinesterásicos administrados por 4 ou 12 semanas [(Z=-2,31) p<0,02]. Ressalta-se, entretanto, que o mesmo não ocorreu com participantes submetidos ao tratamento de 30 semanas [(Z=-2,21) p<0,02].


In this intra-subject non-controlled study, twenty-one elderly patients with Alzheimer Disease or other forms of dementia participated in a neuropsychological rehabilitation program involving gardening and colored cues. At the end of the neuropsychological rehabilitation program, improved scores were noted in the following tests: Mini-Mental State Examination (Z=-1.98, p<0.05); Wechsler Verbal Performance Scale subtest [(Z=-2.09) p<0.05]; Wechsler Memory Scale (Associated Pairs with Delayed Recall) [(Z=-2.07) p<0.05] and in the Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale [(Z=-3.02) p<0.00]. It was also demonstrated that patients who learnt the contextual cues (reminiscences and flags) saw a significant reduction in the Geriatric Depression Scale. Depression Scale scores were lower in those who correctly free-recalled this association (F=2.12, p=0.14). Use of anticholinesterase drugs in the 4th and 12th weeks was associated with a reduction in the Geriatric Depression Scale, but not for those in the 30th week following the neuropsychological rehabilitation program.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged , Dementia , Memory Disorders
5.
Estud. psicol. (Campinas) ; 28(2): 229-240, abr.-jun. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-56245

ABSTRACT

Neste estudo não controlado intrassujeitos, 21 idosos com Alzheimer ou outras demências participaram de um Programa de Reabilitação Neuropsicológica, com oficinas de jardinagem e pistas coloridas. Após o programa, houve aumento nos escores dos seguintes testes: Miniexame do Estado Mental (Z=-1,98, p<0,05); Subteste Verbal de Semelhanças da Escala Wechsler [(Z=-2,09) p<0,05] e Subteste de Aprendizagem de Pares de Fácil Associação para Evocação Tardia da Escala de Memória de Wechsler [(Z=-2,07) p<0,05]. Paralelamente, observou-se redução dos escores de depressão na Escala de Depressão Geriátrica de Yesavage [(Z=-3,02) p<0,00]. Foi demonstrado ainda que essa redução estava associada à aprendizagem de pistas contextuais (reminiscências e sinalizadores) e ao tratamento com anticolinesterásicos administrados por 4 ou 12 semanas [(Z=-2,31) p<0,02]. Ressalta-se, entretanto, que o mesmo não ocorreu com participantes submetidos ao tratamento de 30 semanas [(Z=-2,21) p<0,02].(AU)


In this intra-subject non-controlled study, twenty-one elderly patients with Alzheimer Disease or other forms of dementia participated in a neuropsychological rehabilitation program involving gardening and colored cues. At the end of the neuropsychological rehabilitation program, improved scores were noted in the following tests: Mini-Mental State Examination (Z=-1.98, p<0.05); Wechsler Verbal Performance Scale subtest [(Z=-2.09) p<0.05]; Wechsler Memory Scale (Associated Pairs with Delayed Recall) [(Z=-2.07) p<0.05] and in the Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale [(Z=-3.02) p<0.00]. It was also demonstrated that patients who learnt the contextual cues (reminiscences and flags) saw a significant reduction in the Geriatric Depression Scale. Depression Scale scores were lower in those who correctly free-recalled this association (F=2.12, p=0.14). Use of anticholinesterase drugs in the 4th and 12th weeks was associated with a reduction in the Geriatric Depression Scale, but not for those in the 30th week following the neuropsychological rehabilitation program.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Dementia , Memory Disorders , Aged
6.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 8(5)set.-out. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-561596

ABSTRACT

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Nas sociedades contemporâneas surge uma doença que representa elevado risco para doenças cardiovasculares e morte, um novo problema de saúde pública que afeta todas as idades, denominado sedentarismo. O objetivo deste estudo foi discutir as nuances da definição de indivíduo ativo e sedentário, através de diferentes métodos descritos na literatura médica, analisando-se a incidência de sedentarismo e o perfil da população de empregados de uma empresa pública. MÉTODO: Os funcionários do sistema do Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Social (BNDES) foram solicitados a responder ao Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ), durante a realização do exame periódico de 2008 para quantificação da atividade física por eles realizada. RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se incidência de 25% de sedentarismo, sem correlação definitiva com idade, sexo ou índice de massa corporal (IMC). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados afirmam a necessidade de estimular-se a prática de atividade física nas empresas como forma de redução dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In the contemporary society, arises a new disease that carries high risk to cardiovascular diseases and death, a new public health problem that affects all ages, sedentarism. The object of this paper was to define what it means to be an active and sedentary individual, through the methods available in the literature and to investigate the incidence of sedentarism in a public company. METHOD: The application of the international physic activity questionnaire (IPAQ) to the employees of the Brazilian Development Bank, intending to quantify the intensity of the physical activity realized in their daily activities.RESULTS: It was found an incidence of 25% of sedentarism in the studied population, without definitive correlation with age, sex or body mass index (BMI). CONCLUSION: The results show the necessity to fight sedentarism and to stimulate the practice of physical activities as a way to reduce the incidence on cardiovascular risk factors.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Life Style , Motor Activity , Occupational Health
7.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 19(1): 5-13, jan.-mar. 2007. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-466763

ABSTRACT

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dobutamina é um agente inotrópico com propriedade adrenérgica beta-1 predominante e freqüentemente usado para aumentar o fluxo sanguíneo em pacientes críticos. Dobutamina pode ter um papel no aumento da perfusão esplâncnica, desse modo protegendo esta área de lesão isquêmica. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos de baixas doses de dobutamina (5 mig/kg/min) sobre a oxigenação tecidual, resposta inflamatória e complicações pós-operatória em pacientes de alto risco. MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo, aleatório, encoberto e placebo-controlado. Cem pacientes cirúrgicos admitidos em Unidade Semi-Intensiva foram avaliados e 82 pacientes foram incluídos, 42 pacientes no grupo controle (solução fisiológica) e 40 no grupo tratamento (5 mig/kg/min) de dobutamina por 24 horas). Os mesmos procedimentos terapêuticos foram usados nos dois grupos. A infusão de líquidos deveria ser realizada em caso de taquicardia ou hipotensão após a infusão de dobutamina, pela possibilidade de hipovolemia. RESULTADOS: O volume total de fluidos administrado foi significativamente maior no grupo dobutamina do que no grupo controle (7351 ± 2082 mL versus 6074 ± 2386 mL, respectivamente, p < 0,05). Saturação venosa central de oxigênio (SvcO2), lactato sérico e proteína C-reativa foram similares em ambos os grupos. Complicações ocorreram em 35 por cento e 50 por cento dos pacientes nos grupos dobutamina e controle, respectivamente (RR 0,70 IC 95 por cento 0,41 - 1,17; NS). CONCLUSÕES: Baixas doses de dobutamina e fluidos após trauma cirúrgico não tiveram efeitos na prevalência de complicações pós-operatória em pacientes cirúrgicos de alto risco.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dobutamine is an inotropic agent with predominant beta1- adrenergic properties frequently used to increase blood flow in critically ill patients. Dobutamine may have a role in increasing splanchnic perfusion, thereby protecting this area from further injury. We investigated the effects of low doses dobutamine (5 mug/kg/min) on tissue oxygenation, inflammatory response and postoperative complications in high-risk surgical patients. METHODS: Prospective, randomized, blinded and placebo-controlled study. One hundred surgical patients admitted in a step-down unit were evaluated and 82 patients were enrolled, 42 in the control group (saline) and 40 in the treatment group (5 mug/kg/h) during 24 hours. Similar therapeutic goals were applied to both groups. Fluids were given whenever tachycardia or hypotension developed after study drug infusion. RESULTS: The total volume of fluids given was significantly higher in treatment than in control group (7351 ± 2082 mL versus 6074 ± 2386 mL, respectively, p < 0.05). Central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2), serum lactate and C-reactive protein were similar in both groups. Complications occurred in 35 percent and 50 percent of the patients in the treatment and control groups, respectively (RR 0, 70 IC 95 percent 0.41 - 1.17; NS). CONCLUSIONS: Low-doses dobutamine and fluids after surgical trauma has no effects on the prevalence of postoperative complications in high-risk surgical patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Dobutamine/administration & dosage , Inpatients , Intensive Care Units
8.
Rev Bras Ter Intensiva ; 19(1): 5-13, 2007 Mar.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25310654

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dobutamine is an inotropic agent with predominant beta1- adrenergic properties frequently used to increase blood flow in critically ill patients. Dobutamine may have a role in increasing splanchnic perfusion, thereby protecting this area from further injury. We investigated the effects of low doses dobutamine (5 mug/kg/min) on tissue oxygenation, inflammatory response and postoperative complications in high-risk surgical patients. METHODS: Prospective, randomized, blinded and placebo-controlled study. One hundred surgical patients admitted in a step-down unit were evaluated and 82 patients were enrolled, 42 in the control group (saline) and 40 in the treatment group (5 mug/kg/h) during 24 hours. Similar therapeutic goals were applied to both groups. Fluids were given whenever tachycardia or hypotension developed after study drug infusion. RESULTS: The total volume of fluids given was significantly higher in treatment than in control group (7351 ± 2082 mL versus 6074 ± 2386 mL, respectively, p < 0.05). Central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2), serum lactate and C-reactive protein were similar in both groups. Complications occurred in 35% and 50% of the patients in the treatment and control groups, respectively (RR 0, 70 IC 95% 0.41 - 1.17; NS). CONCLUSIONS: Low-doses dobutamine and fluids after surgical trauma has no effects on the prevalence of postoperative complications in high-risk surgical patients.

9.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 32(3): 255-61, maio-jun. 1999. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-270308

ABSTRACT

Avaliamos a frequência de fungos nos materiais de broncofibroscopia em pacientes infectados ou näo pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV), quais as espécies de fungos mais encontradas e se a infecçäo pelo HIV alterava o perfil destes fungos. Foram revistas 1943 broncofibroscopias realizadas em hospital de referência para SIDA, no período de 1990-1995. Deste total, 47 por cento foram realizadas em pacientes HIV positivos e 53 por cento em HIV negativos. Dos 908 HIV positivos, 38 (4 por cento) tiveram diagnóstico de micose pulmonar enquanto que dos 1035 HIV negativos, somente 4 (0,2 por cento) tiveram tal diagnóstco (p < 0,001). O diagnóstico de histoplasmose e criptococose predominou no grupo soropositivo para o HIV (p < 0,001). A paracoccidioidomicose foi diagnosticada em três pacientes näo infectados pelo HIV. O estudo mostrou que, embora a positividade da pesquisa de fungos nestes materiais tenha baixo percentual de positividade, o grupo soropositivo para o HIV parece se beneficiar desta pesquisa rotineira


Subject(s)
Humans , Fungi/isolation & purification , Opportunistic Infections/transmission , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/microbiology , Lung Diseases, Fungal , Bronchoscopy , Fungi/pathogenicity , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/etiology , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/microbiology , Mycology
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