Community programs to enhance in-school anti-tobacco efforts.

This article presents theoretical bases for the development of community-wide anti-tobacco programs to reinforce school-based programs, discusses the problems involved in translating these theoretical bases into practice, and suggests means for minimizing those problems. Spiral of silence theory, diffusion theory, and expectancy value theory are covered. Special attention is given to the importance of a community program based in and "belonging" to the community, the need for high visibility, maximum participation by community individuals and organizations, mechanisms for program self-perpetuation, and explicit and visible ties to school-based anti-tobacco programs.