Relationship between molar incisor hypomineralization, intrapartium medication and illnesses in the first year of life.

Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) affects the first permanent molars and permanent incisors whose formative embryological process develops around birth and the first year of life. This study's main objective is to assess the relationship between MIH, on the one hand, with the administration during childbirth of epidural bupivacaine, intramuscular meperidine with haloperidol, synthetic intravenous oxytocin, and prostaglandins such as dinoprostone vaginally, and on the other hand, with suffered pathologies during the first year of life. Cross-sectional retrospective study was carried out on 111 children who attended dental check-ups. Oral examination was carried out to determine MIH involvement. Data on the administration of medications during delivery and the illnesses suffered by the children in the first year of life were taken from the hospital records. Significant relationship with Pearson's chi-square was found between the presence of MIH and the administration of meperidine with haloperidol intramuscularly and the vaginal administration of dinoprostone during labour. Also in children who have suffered serious infections and those who have received antibiotics in early childhood. In recent years there has been a growing trend in many countries to medicalize childbirth even above what the World Health Organization recommends. Some of the drugs used in these protocols could be involved in the appearance of dental mineralization alterations of the MIH type and this would help to explain the increase in its prevalence.

Prognostic importance of atypical endometriosis with architectural hyperplasia versus cytologic atypia in endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Patients with endometriosis are at increased risk of ovarian cancer. It has been suggested that atypical endometriosis is a precursor lesion of endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC). The aim of this study is to evaluate if cytologic (cellular) atypia and architectural atypia (hyperplasia), histologic findings described as atypical endometriosis, play a different role in patients with EAOC. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted between January 2014 and April 2017 at our institution with patients undergoing surgery with a histologic diagnosis of endometriosis, ovarian cancer, or EAOC. The prevalence and immunohistologic study (Ki-67, BAF250a, COX-2) of cases of cellular and architectural atypia in endometriosis were analyzed. RESULTS: Two hundred and sixty-six patients were included: the diagnosis was endometriosis alone in 159 cases, ovarian cancer in 81, and EAOC in 26. Atypical endometriosis was reported in 23 cases (12.43%), 39.13% of them found in patients with EAOC. Endometriosis with cellular atypia was found mainly in patients without neoplasm (71.4%), and endometriosis with architectural atypia was seen in patients with ovarian cancer (88.9%) (p=0.009). Ki-67 was significantly higher in endometriosis patients with architectural atypia than those with cellular atypia. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of endometriosis with architectural atypia is important because it may be a precursor lesion of ovarian cancer; therefore, pathologists finding endometriosis should carefully examine the surgical specimen to identify any patients with hyperplasia-type endometriosis, as they may be at higher risk of developing EAOC.

Acoso escolar: variables sociofamiliares como factores de riesgo o de protección / Bullying: Family sociosituation as risk or protective factors

La relación entre conductas de acoso escolar y condiciones sociofamiliares ha sido investigada en los últimos años, sin embargo, pocos estudios examinan tales condiciones como factores de riesgo o de protección. Este estudio analiza las diferencias en la situación familiar entre implicados y no implicados en el acoso escolar y su relación como factores de riesgo o de protección de esta dinámica. Estudiantes de 17 escuelas públicas de Brasil (N = 2.793; 53,67% mujeres), de entre 10 y 18 años (M = 14,53; DT=2,04), completaron un cuestionario sobre violencia entre iguales. Encontramos que el 31,3% de los estudiantes estaban implicados en situaciones de acoso escolar. Los implicados presentan una mayor probabilidad de pertenecer a familias extensas y no biparentales. Se perfilan como factores de protección: pertenecer a una familia biparental, tener pocos hermanos, que el padre haya cursado estudios básicos y que la madre haya nacido en el estado donde residen. Estos resultados ponen de relieve la necesidad de continuar esta línea de investigación, lo que contribuirá a reducir la alta prevalencia del fenómeno

The relationship between bullying and social and family conditions has been investigated in recent years; however, few researchers have examined such conditions as risk or protective factors. This study analyzes the differences in family social situation between individuals involved and not involved in bullying, and investigates its relation as risk or protective factors in this dynamic. 2,793 Students from 17 public schools in 8 Brazilian States (53.67% females) from 10 to18 years old (M = 14.53; SD = 2.04), completed a self-evaluation questionnaire about bullying. Data were analyzed by contingence and multivariate analyses. We found that 31.3% pupils were involved in bullying. Those involved are more likely to belong to extended and non bi-parental families. Belonging to a bi-parental family, having fewer siblings, that the father completed elementary education and that the mother was born in the state where the family lives are protective factors against bullying. These results highlight the need to continue research in this line, which will help to reduce the high prevalence of bullying