ABSTRACT
The prevalence of dirofilariasis was studied in dogs from the urban and rural areas in Southern Russia. The high prevalence of Dirofilaria repens infection were established among the dogs in the Republic of Kalmykia. The blood samples from 328 dogs were tested; D. repens infection was detected in 23.6 and 15.5% of the rural and urban dogs, respectively. The highest prevalence of D. repens infection was noted in of 4-6-year-old dogs. Dogs aged 0, 1-3, 4-6 7-9, and more 10 years were infected in 0, 26.3, 33.3, 29.4, and 28.5% of cases, respectively.
Subject(s)
Culicidae/parasitology , Dirofilaria repens/growth & development , Dirofilariasis/epidemiology , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Life Cycle Stages/physiology , Animals , Cities , Desert Climate , Dirofilaria repens/genetics , Dirofilaria repens/pathogenicity , Dirofilariasis/parasitology , Dirofilariasis/transmission , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Dog Diseases/transmission , Dogs , Epidemiological Monitoring , Female , Host-Parasite Interactions , Humans , Male , Rural Population , Russia/epidemiologySubject(s)
Alanine Transaminase/blood , Alkaline Phosphatase/blood , Anthelmintics/pharmacology , Carbamates/pharmacology , Salicylanilides/pharmacology , Toxicity Tests, Subchronic , Animals , Animals, Outbred Strains , Anthelmintics/chemical synthesis , Blood Cell Count , Blood Glucose/drug effects , Carbamates/chemical synthesis , Creatinine/blood , Hematocrit , Hemoglobins/metabolism , Lethal Dose 50 , Male , Rats , Salicylanilides/chemical synthesisABSTRACT
The efficacy of a new fenbendazile formulation produced by nanotechnology-based drug delivery system was investigated in45 sheep naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. The formulation showed 95.6% efficacy against Nematodes spp. at a dose of 1.0 mg/kg dw of its active ingredient and 100% efficacy against other species of gastrointestinal nematodes. Given at a dose of 10 mg/kg dw, the basic drug--fenbendazole (substance) displayed 96.39 and 100% efficacy, respectively.
Subject(s)
Drug Delivery Systems , Fenbendazole/administration & dosage , Nematode Infections/drug therapy , Sheep Diseases/drug therapy , Animals , Nanotechnology , Nematoda/drug effects , Nematoda/parasitology , Nematode Infections/parasitology , Sheep , Sheep Diseases/parasitologySubject(s)
Cestode Infections , Helminthiasis, Animal/drug therapy , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Sheep/parasitology , Strongylida Infections , Animals , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Cestoda/pathogenicity , Cestode Infections/drug therapy , Cestode Infections/veterinary , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Strongylida/pathogenicity , Strongylida Infections/drug therapy , Strongylida Infections/veterinarySubject(s)
Anthelmintics/chemical synthesis , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Sheep/parasitology , Strongylida Infections/drug therapy , Animals , Benzamides/chemical synthesis , Benzamides/chemistry , Cestoda/pathogenicity , Cestode Infections/drug therapy , Cestode Infections/veterinary , Hydrocarbons, Halogenated/chemical synthesis , Hydrocarbons, Halogenated/chemistry , Niclosamide/therapeutic use , Strongylida/pathogenicity , Strongylida Infections/veterinaryABSTRACT
Investigation of the formation of urban synanthropic foci of dirofilatiasis in an area of large accumulations of dogs is of scientific and practical interest due to the increased number of infested inhabitants of large towns.
Subject(s)
Dirofilaria immitis , Dirofilaria , Dirofilariasis/epidemiology , Disease Reservoirs/parasitology , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Animals , Culicidae/classification , Culicidae/parasitology , Disease Reservoirs/veterinary , Dogs , Ecosystem , Humans , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Population Density , Risk Factors , Russia/epidemiology , Urban PopulationSubject(s)
Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Cattle Diseases/drug therapy , Fascioliasis/veterinary , Monieziasis/drug therapy , Nematode Infections/drug therapy , Sheep Diseases/drug therapy , Administration, Oral , Animals , Anthelmintics/administration & dosage , Anthelmintics/chemistry , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/parasitology , Cestoda/isolation & purification , Fasciola/isolation & purification , Fascioliasis/drug therapy , Feces/parasitology , Female , Monieziasis/parasitology , Nematoda/isolation & purification , Nematode Infections/parasitology , Sheep , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Anticestodal Agents/pharmacology , Anticestodal Agents/therapeutic use , Benzamides/pharmacology , Benzamides/therapeutic use , Benzothiazoles/pharmacology , Benzothiazoles/therapeutic use , Cestoda/drug effects , Hymenolepiasis/drug therapy , Monieziasis/drug therapy , Sheep Diseases/drug therapy , Administration, Oral , Animals , Anticestodal Agents/chemistry , Benzamides/chemistry , Benzothiazoles/chemistry , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Hymenolepis nana , Mice , SheepSubject(s)
Anthelmintics/administration & dosage , Helminthiasis, Animal/drug therapy , Helminthiasis/drug therapy , Salicylamides/administration & dosage , Administration, Oral , Animals , Anthelmintics/chemistry , Anthelmintics/isolation & purification , Cattle , Cestoda/isolation & purification , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Fasciola hepatica/isolation & purification , Fascioliasis/drug therapy , Fascioliasis/veterinary , Feces/parasitology , Female , Helminthiasis/parasitology , Helminthiasis, Animal/parasitology , Monieziasis/drug therapy , Monieziasis/parasitology , Nematoda/isolation & purification , Nematode Infections/drug therapy , Nematode Infections/parasitology , Nematode Infections/veterinary , Parasite Egg Count , Salicylamides/chemistry , Salicylamides/isolation & purification , SheepSubject(s)
Antinematodal Agents/therapeutic use , Benzamides/therapeutic use , Benzamidines/therapeutic use , Thiadiazoles/therapeutic use , Trichinella spiralis/drug effects , Trichinellosis/drug therapy , Animals , Benzamides/chemistry , Benzamidines/chemistry , Disease Models, Animal , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Mice , Molecular Structure , Thiadiazoles/chemistrySubject(s)
Anthelmintics/chemical synthesis , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Benzimidazoles/chemical synthesis , Benzimidazoles/therapeutic use , Fasciola hepatica , Fascioliasis/drug therapy , Animals , Anthelmintics/chemistry , Benzimidazoles/chemistry , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Sheep , TriclabendazoleSubject(s)
Anthelmintics/pharmacology , Benzamides/pharmacology , Benzoxazoles/pharmacology , Thiazoles/pharmacology , Trichinella spiralis/drug effects , Trichinellosis/parasitology , Animals , Anthelmintics/chemical synthesis , Benzamides/chemical synthesis , Benzoxazoles/chemical synthesis , Disease Models, Animal , Mice , Molecular Structure , Thiazoles/chemical synthesis , Trichinella spiralis/isolation & purification , Trichinellosis/drug therapyABSTRACT
Polymorphism of fragments of the ND1 and CO1 mitochondrial genes was for the first time found in four liver fluke Fasciola hepatica samples from Ukraine, Belarus, Moscow region, and Mordovia. The ND1 and CO1 fragments were respectively 292 and 433 bp in size, with polymorphic sites accounting for 2.7 and 0.9% of the total sequence. Seven haplotypes were found in the four samples; two haplotypes (A and B) were most common (29.1 and 45.8%, respectively) in the pooled sample. The haplotype frequency distribution differed among the four populations. Haplotype B prevailed in the Mordovian and Moscow region samples. In addition, these samples had a higher number of unique haplotypes (A2, A3, B2). The results testify to genetic divergence of the four geographically distant populations of F. hepatica.
