[Acilact and improvement of the health status of sickly children].

A complex study of the effects of Acilact on the immune and interferon status, phagocyte defense, and cytokine balance in sickly children showed that Acilact had a positive effect on the immune system in these patients. The preparation is able to normalize abnormal immune parameters, and does not influence healthy immune system. In some ways Acilact has advantages over IRS 19 vaccine. Simultaneous administration of these two preparations is appropriate in some cases.

[Ultrasonographic diagnosis of tumors of the gallbladder]. / Ul'trazvukovaia diagnostika opukholei zhelchnogo puzyria.

The role of echography in the diagnosis of gallbladder tumors was investigated. Benign tumors (papilloma and adenoma) were diagnosed in 2 patients and carcinoma in 18 subjects. This technique failed to diagnose carcinoma in 2 patients. Two more procedures had false-positive results (in one patient multiple clots in the dramatically enlarged bladder were taken for the tumor while ++post-inflammatory granulation in the other patient was mistaken for the tumor as well). Echographical signs of gallbladder tumors were presented, as were the criteria permitting one to differentiate carcinoma from other pathological formations in the gallbladder (echogenic bile, cholesterol polyps, cholecystitis, adenomyomatosis). High informative value of echographic investigation in the diagnosis of gallbladder tumors was noted.

[The role of ultrasonics in the diagnosis of kidney diseases]. / Mesto ul'trazvuka v diagnostike zabolevanii pochek.

A retrospective comparative assessment of the diagnostic value of excretory urography (EU), scintigraphy (SCG) and ultrasonography (USG) of the kidneys was conducted in 100 patients. The diagnosis in 26 patients was confirmed by CT, angiography, at operation or autopsy. Chronic pyelonephritis was diagnosed in 54% of the patients, renal changes in essential hypertension--9%, hydronephrosis in 8%, abnormal shape and position of the kidneys in 8%, malignant tumors in 7%, chronic glomerulonephritis in 8%, renal cysts in 2%, multicystosis in 1%, kidney contusion in 1%, paranephritis in 1%, and apostematous nephritis in 1%. The sensitivity of EU was 71%, that of SCG 52%, that of USG 93%. The specificity of EU was 66%, SCG--8%, that of USG 90%.

[Ultrasonic study of the liver, spleen and their large veins in patients with chronic post-infarct aneurysm of the left ventricle]. / Ul'trazvukovoe issledovanie pecheni, selezenki i ikh krupnykh ven u bol'nykh s khronicheskoi postinfarktnoi anevrizmoi levogo zheludochka.

Computerized echotomography demonstrated abnormal structure or size of the liver, the spleen or major hepatic and splenic veins in all patients with left ventricular chronic postinfarction aneurysm. Notably, congestion of the greater circulation can be detected instrumentally at a preclinical level. Flow impairment in the vena cava inferior affects acoustic properties of blood which can be detected by ultrasound.

[Ultrasonic diagnosis of post-infarct aneurysms of the left ventricle]. / K voprosu ob ul'trazvukovoi diagnostike postinfarktnykh anevrizm levogo zheludochka.

Ultrasonic sectorial scanning in combination with doppler-cardiography enables visualization of left-ventricular postinfarction aneurysm, and the assessment of myocardial contraction geometry, the state of the aneurysm wall and blood flow characteristics. Doppler-cardiography is capable of detecting blood stasis in the left-ventricular cavity, while sectorial scanning can diagnose intraventricular thrombosis. Both techniques should be used extensively for the detection of left-ventricular postinfarction aneurysms.