[Supporting Patients with Diabetes mellitus type 2 and Obesity in Transfer of Medically Indicated Lifestyle Changes into Everyday Life by a Planning Competence Training in a Randomized Controlled Trial]. / Unterstützung der Lebensstiländerung und Verbesserung der subjektiven Erwerbstätigkeitsprognose bei Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 und Adipositas durch ein Planungskompetenztraining in einem randomisierten Kontrollgruppendesign.

BACKGROUND: Patients with Diabetes mellitus type 2 and/or obesity have difficulties to transfer medically indicated lifestyle changes into everyday life. Hence, this study investigates whether a planning competence training (Planungskompetenztraining, PKT) can support participants of a medical rehabilitation program to foster lifestyle change. METHOD: 467 patients participated in study. Those patients regularly took part in a 3-week program of a rehabilitation clinic between 12/2012 and 08/2014. Using a randomized control group design, training and aftercare effects were controlled (one experimental group [EG] and 3 control groups [KG]. RESULTS: In general, there were no significant differences between the 4 study groups based on an intention-to-treat-analysis. Significant differences were calculated in per-protocol-analysis. Additionally, differences were primarily revealed in a 2 group comparison between participants who participated at training (EG-A and KG-B) vs. those who did not (KG-C und KG-D). CONCLUSION: The implementation of the current training version cannot be recommended for medical rehabilitation. However, in consideration of relevant results a modification of the program could make sense.