ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Despite the high degree of disability it entails, many patients with migraine have never visited their doctor for this reason. It is necessary to conduct a study to examine the characteristics of first-time visits as a step that must be carried out prior to establishing specific intervention measures for this group of patients. AIM: To determine the profile of the patients with migraine who visit a neurology service for the first time, together with the diagnostic and therapeutic attitudes that neurologists display towards them. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional, multi-centre study of neurology services across the country. The research included 168 neurologists who recruited 851 patients (74.6% females; mean age: 34.0 ± 10.7 years). Disability was assessed by means of the specific migraine questionnaire (Headache Impact Test) and the generic disability questionnaire (Sheehan Disability Scale). RESULTS: A third (66.5%) of the patients went for consultation following their doctor's advice, while the remaining 33.5% went on their own accord. Only 55.9% had been previously diagnosed with migraine. The main reasons for visiting were ineffective symptomatic treatment (25%) and an increase in the frequency or intensity of the attacks (23.4%). Although 70.3% of the patients had high disability scores on the Headache Impact Test, only 17.4% used specific treatment and only 13.3% were on preventive treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The PRIMERA study confirms, once again, that migraine is an under-diagnosed and under-treated condition in our setting, which means that specific educational interventions and training are still required for this pathology.
Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Migraine Disorders/diagnosis , Migraine Disorders/therapy , Neurology , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , SpainABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Migraine has recently been associated to certain personality profiles and styles of coping. AIM: To explore the association between personality factors, disability and the therapeutic management of migraine. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted an epidemiological, cross-sectional, multi-centre study with patients with migraine visiting a neurology unit for the first time. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected about the patients. The NEO-FFI (Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Five-Factor Inventory) was used to evaluate personality factors; the degree of disability was evaluated using the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) and the number of lost workday equivalents (LWDE) was measured. Bivariate logistic regression analyses were also performed. RESULTS: A total of 736 patients were recruited, of whom 700 were suitable for inclusion in the analysis (75.6% females; mean age: 35.5 ± 11.5 years). In all, 68.9% presented migraine without aura, 1-4 seizures/month (66.7%) and of moderate intensity (58.1%). A total of 76.1% of patients had severe disability according to the HIT-6. Of the 554 active patients, the mean number of lost workday equivalents in the previous three months was 6.8 ± 8.2. Patients showed greater emotional instability than the general population and they scored lower on extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness. All the patients were being treated for their migraine: 47.3% by means of stepped treatment between seizures; 39.9% intra-seizures, and stratified in only 12.9%. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the impact of migraine in terms of disability and in terms of loss of labour output, together with its association with personality factors.
Subject(s)
Hospital Units , Migraine Disorders/drug therapy , Neurology , Personality , Severity of Illness Index , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disabled Persons , Epidemiologic Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Migraine Disorders/epidemiology , Neuropsychological Tests , Personality Tests , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young AdultABSTRACT
Fundamento. La coexistencia de hipertensión arterial (HTA) y diabetes tipo 2 constituye una combinación de incidencia creciente y de elevado riesgo cardiovascular. El bloqueo del sistema renina angiotensina con inhibidores de la enzima convertidora (IECA) o con antagonistas de los receptores de angiotensina confiere a los pacientes con HTA y diabetes una mayor protección frente a la enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) y renal (ER). El presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la eficacia y la tolerabilidad del antagonista de los receptores de angiotensina irbesartán en una cohorte de pacientes con HTA y diabetes mellitus tipo 2.Diseño y métodos. Estudio prospectivo observacional en una cohorte de 1.184 pacientes diagnosticados de diabetes mellitus tipo 2, con cifras de tensión arterial (TA)>= 130 y/o 85 mmHg. El tratamiento antihipertensivo se realizó con irbesartán a dosis entre 75 y 300 mg añadiendo posteriormente hidroclorotiazida 12,5 mg/día si no se había alcanzado el objetivo de reducir la TA a un nivel inferior a 130/85 mmHg. El seguimiento clínico fue de 12 semanas. La eficacia del fármaco se evaluó mediante la disminución de la TA determinada por un sistema de medida oscilométrico semiautomático. Las variables de seguridad fueron los niveles de creatinina y de potasio séricos, así como la aparición de reacciones adversas. Resultados. El tratamiento con irbesartán produjo un descenso significativo (p = 0,0001), tanto de la TA sistólica (TAS) (de 157,6 ñ 17,1 a 141,8 ñ 18,8 mmHg) como de la TA diastólica (TAD) (de 90,5 ñ 10,2 a 81,0 ñ 9,9 mmHg). El porcentaje de pacientes controlados a las 12 semanas fue del 70,4 por ciento para la TAD (< 85 mmHg) y del 17 por ciento para la TAS (< 130 mmHg). No se verificaron cambios significativos en los valores medios de creatinina (de 0,97 ñ 0,19 a 0,98 ñ 0,19 mg/dl) ni en las cifras de potasio sérico (de 4,34 ñ 0,46 a 4,34 ñ 0,48 mmol/l). Igualmente, la tasa de reacciones adversas fue mínima, pues sólo el 3,1 por ciento de los pacientes presentaron alguna reacción adversa. Conclusiones. El irbesartán es un fármaco eficaz, seguro y bien tolerado para el tratamiento de la HTA en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2. Produce descensos significativos de la TA con una tasa muy baja de reacciones adversas (AU)
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Hypertension/drug therapy , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Hypertension/complications , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Treatment Outcome , Comorbidity , Cohort Studies , Drug Tolerance , Blood Pressure , Prospective Studies , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Hydrochlorothiazide/pharmacology , Hydrochlorothiazide/administration & dosageABSTRACT
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