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1.
Rev. esp. sanid. penit ; 18(supl.esp): 60-63, 2016.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-162303

ABSTRACT

La elevada prevalencia de los Trastornos Mentales, con la consiguiente discapacidad asociada, requiere un abordaje integral a nivel comunitario, con el objetivo de reducir la carga de enfermedad y la morbi-mortalidad. La intervención comunitaria radica, principalmente, en las Unidades de Salud Mental, equipos multidisciplinares cuya coordinación con Atención Primaria y el resto de servicios socio-sanitarios es fundamental para alcanzar dicho logro. Existe una elevada disparidad en los recursos dotacionales disponibles entre las diferentes administraciones sanitarias, incluso en un mismo departamento sanitario, fruto de las desigualdades en la transición hacia el modelo comunitario. En los últimos años se ha observado una excesiva demanda de la atención en estas unidades, fruto de la actual crisis socio-económica y la "psiquiatrización" de los problemas de la vida, con un predominio de patología ansiosa y depresiva leve; el resultado ha sido la saturación de los recursos y la potenciación de las intervenciones grupales, con la finalidad de abarcar a la mayor población posible. Esto último no incluye, en la actualidad y salvo escasas excepciones, a los pacientes de las instituciones penitenciarias (AU)


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Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Community Mental Health Centers/organization & administration , Community Mental Health Centers/standards , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Mental Disorders/prevention & control , Primary Health Care/methods , Primary Health Care , Mental Health/standards , Mental Health/trends
2.
Rev Esp Sanid Penit ; 14(2): 50-60, 2012.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22801650

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Little work has been done on the contents of psychiatric consultancies in prisons. AIMS: To explore the sociodemographic, clinical and treatment profile of the patients who were assessed in the psychiatric consultancy of three prisons. METHODS: This is a prospective, longitudinal, descriptive and multicenter-based epidemiological study of patients who were assessed in the psychiatric consultacy of three prisons in the Autonomous Community of Valencia from 2009 to 2011. Sociodemographic, clinical and prison data was obtained from each patient. Their frequency was compared with Pearson's Ji² and averages with the ANOVA test or with The Kruskall-Wallis method. The probability of keeping the patients in schedule was calculated with Kaplan-Meier's curves and differences with the Mantel-Haenzsel method (Logrank) were established. A logistic regression model was designed to determine the data linked to frequent users. RESULTS: 786 patients were assessed in 2,006 visits (2.5 visits/patient). 90% were male, 88.2% Spanish and their average age was 36 years. 29.9% suffered from an infectious chronic pathology. 69.5% used some kinds of substance. 59.2% suffered from personality disorder and 11.6% from the spectrum of schizophrenia. The most frequent medical profiles were: 49.1% with anxiety disorder, 20.8% depressive disorder and 11.7% psychotic disorder. These psychotic disorders meant a greater probability of 1.5 times for maintaining in schedule. The most commonly prescribed medications were quetiapine, mirtazapine, pregabalin and diazepam. CONCLUSION: There is a high prevalence of mental disorders in prisons. It is necessary to improve the available resources to deal with these pathologies in the most effective way.


Subject(s)
Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Prisoners/psychology , Adult , Female , Humans , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Logistic Models , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Mental Disorders/diagnosis , Mental Disorders/drug therapy , Prevalence , Prisoners/statistics & numerical data , Proportional Hazards Models , Prospective Studies , Spain/epidemiology , Tranquilizing Agents/therapeutic use
3.
Rev. esp. sanid. penit ; 14(2): 50-61, 2012. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-100620

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Existen pocos trabajos sobre el contenido de las consultas psiquiátricas en las prisiones. Objetivos: Explorar el perfil sociodemográfico, clínico y de tratamiento de los pacientes valorados en la consulta psiquiátrica de tres centros penitenciarios. Métodos: Estudio epidemiológico multicéntrico, descriptivo, longitudinal, y prospectivo de los pacientes valorados en la consulta psiquiátrica de tres prisiones de la Comunidad Valenciana durante 2009, 2010 y 2011. Se obtuvieron variables clínicas, sociodemográficas y penitenciarias de cada paciente. Las frecuencias se compararon mediante la Ji2 de Pearson y las medias por el test de ANOVA o el método de Kruskall-Wallis. Se calculó la probabilidad de mantenerse en agenda psiquiátrica mediante curvas de Kaplan-Meier, estableciéndose las diferencias con el método de Mantel- Haenzsel (Logrank). Se diseñó un modelo de regresión logística para determinar las variables asociadas a hiperfrecuentación. Resultados: Se valoraron 786 pacientes en 2.006 consultas (2,5 visitas/paciente). El 90% eran varones y el 88,2% españoles, con una edad media de 36,0 años. El 29,9% tenían patología infecciosa crónica asociada. El 69,5% consume algún tipo de sustancia. El 59,2% sufría un trastorno de personalidad y el 11,6% del espectro de la esquizofrenia. Los cuadros clínicos más frecuentes fueron; 49,1% cuadros ansiosos, 20,8% depresivos y 11,7% síntomas psicóticos. Los trastornos psicóticos supusieron 1,5 veces más probabilidad (IC 95%; 1,1-1,9) de mantenerse más tiempo en agenda. Los fármacos más prescritos fueron quetiapina, mirtazapina, pregabalina y diacepam. Conclusiones: Los trastornos mentales en prisión son muy prevalentes. Es necesario potenciar los recursos disponibles para una adecuada atención de estas patologías(AU)


Introduction: Little work has been done on the contents of psychiatric consultancies in prisons. Aims: To explore the sociodemographic, clinical and treatment profile of the patients who were assessed in the psychiatric consultancy of three prisons. Methods: This is a prospective, longitudinal, descriptive and multicenter-based epidemiological study of patients who were assessed in the psychiatric consultacy of three prisons in the Autonomous Community of Valencia from 2009 to 2011. Sociodemographic, clinical and prison data was obtained from each patient. Their frequency was compared with Pearson’s Ji2 and averages with the ANOVA test or with The Kruskall-Wallis method. The probability of keeping the patients in schedule was calculated with Kaplan-Meier’s curves and differences with the Mantel-Haenzsel method (Logrank) were established. A logistic regression model was designed to determine the data linked to frequent users. Results: 786 patients were assessed in 2,006 visits (2.5 visits/patient). 90% were male, 88.2% Spanish and their average age was 36 years. 29.9% suffered from an infectious chronic pathology. 69.5% used some kinds of substance. 59.2% suffered from personality disorder and 11.6% from the spectrum of schizophrenia. The most frequent medical profiles were: 49.1% with anxiety disorder, 20.8% depressive disorder and 11.7% psychotic disorder. These psychotic disorders meant a greater probability of 1.5 times for maintaining in schedule. The most commonly prescribed medications were quetiapine, mirtazapine, pregabalin and diazepam. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of mental disorders in prisons. It is necessary to improve the available resources to deal with these pathologies in the most effective way(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Prisons/methods , Prisons/organization & administration , Mental Health Services/organization & administration , Mental Health Services/standards , Psychiatry/methods , Psychiatry/organization & administration , Social Work, Psychiatric/trends , Mental Health/standards , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Analysis of Variance , Logistic Models , Psychopathology/methods , Psychopathology/trends , Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use , Primary Health Care/methods , Primary Health Care/trends
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