Acoustic Noise-Based Detection of Ferroresonance Events in Isolated Neutral Power Systems with Inductive Voltage Transformers.

Power-quality events and operation transients in power systems (PS) with isolated neutral can saturate inductive voltage transformers (IVT), which, when interacting with the overhead and underground cable capacitances, can cause ferroresonance events in the local PS. This abnormal operating mode can partially or totally damage the transformers and switchgears within the affected PS. Distribution system operators (DSO) can minimize these effects by detecting ferroresonance events accurately and fast enough and changing the mode of operation accordingly. Direct detection methods, i.e., based on voltage measurements, are reliable, but the massive deployment of this solution is relatively expensive; i.e., power quality analyzers cost thousands of USD. Alternatively, indirect detection methods are also available, e.g., IVT vibration measurements with accelerometers costing hundreds of USD, but their reliability depends on the installation method used. This manuscript proposes using the acoustic noise caused by magnetostriction forces within the IVT core during ferroresonance events to detect their occurrence. Compared to other indirect methods, electret condenser microphones with preamplifying stage cost less than USD 10 and are less sensitive to the installation procedure. The proposed method is validated experimentally, and its performance compared to IVT vibration measurements one by using the same detection methodology.

Diagnosing cystic duct patency during myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), using Tc99m Sestamibi (MIBI), as an adjunct benefit in the acute setting.

OBJECTIVE: Tc99m methoxy isobutyl isonitrile (MIBI) has been used for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) for the detection of ischemia. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of effectively evaluating cystic duct patency, during routine visual analysis of the raw MPI and/or with the three-dimensional reconstructed data. METHODS: A retrospective investigation of 91 patients undergoing cardiac MIBI scan for acute chest pain and hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HBS) was performed, within no more than 3 months for suspected gallbladder obstructive disease. Gallbladder visualization during either the stress or rest portion of the MIBI was indicative of cystic duct patency. These results were compared to those by the HBS studies. RESULTS: Ten patients had the MIBI and HBS 4 days apart, both analyses concurred 100% with the diagnosis of cystic duct patency. 16 patients had both examinations between 4 days and 3 weeks and had an agreement of 87.5% with cystic duct patency. 65 patients had both tests 3 weeks to 3 months apart and had an agreement of 84.6% with cystic duct patency. CONCLUSION: The initial results of this study indicate that MPI with Tc99m MIBI is useful in detecting a patent cystic duct, above all in the setting of acute gallbladder pathology. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: In this article, we introduce a novel method to diagnose cystic duct patency in the acute setting thus effectively ruling out acute cholecystitis, during MPI. Our method can potentially improve patient outcomes by reducing the volume of imaging needed to exclude a diagnosis of acute gallbladder pathology. This in turn, keeps in line with decreasing the cost for the patient, leading to a more sound value-based care.

Design of antimicrobial and cytolytic peptides by computational analysis of bacterial, algal, and invertebrate proteomes.

The increase of antibiotic resistance in bacterial species has raised the need to search for novel antimicrobial molecules. Antimicrobial peptides are molecules that commonly display an amphipathic character. In this work, we developed a computational strategy to search for new peptide sequences within the proteome of any organism that includes in-house developed software and the use of artificial intelligence tools available online. Eleven peptides were selected after analyzing 63,343 proteins from the proteomes of bacteria, algae and invertebrates. Then, we validated the results by means of several assays which were carried out against five (5) pathogenic bacterial species and two (2) cancer cell lines. As a result, we found that ten of the peptides were antimicrobial, with minimum inhibitory concentration values between 4 and [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, two of the more active peptides were also cytotoxic to human red blood cells and cancer cells. In general, the antimicrobial peptides we discovered produced damage on the bacterial cell membrane that included membrane wrinkling, cell blebbing, and leakage of cytoplasmic material. Based on these results, we concluded that the computational approach proposed for finding sequences encrypted in proteins is appropriate for the discovery of selective and non-selective antimicrobial and anticancer peptides.

Tumor inusual de rodilla: condroma intracapsular / Unusual Knee Tumor: Intracapsular Chondroma

El condroma intracapsular de rodilla es un tumor benigno resultado de una metaplasia ex-trasinovial que puede confundirse fácilmente con otras entidades de mayor agresividad. Presentamos el caso clínico de una mujer de 59 años con una tumoración de crecimiento lento localizada en la grasa infrapatelar de Hoffa. El examen histológico tras la excisión concluyó condroma intracapsular. El resultado postoperatorio fue satisfactorio con mejoría del dolor y rango de movilidad articular

Intracapsular chondroma of the knee is a benign tumor resulting from extrasynovial metaplasia that can easily be confused with other more aggressive entities. We present the clinical case of a 59-year-old woman with a slow-growing tumor located in the infrapatellar fat of Hoffa. Histological examination after excision concluded intracapsular chondroma. The postoperative result was satisfactory with improvement of pain and range of joint mobility

Desbridamiento artroscópico de osteomielitis de rodilla por Fusobacterium Nucleatum en niño de 4 años. Reporte de caso con 8 años de seguimiento / Arthroscopic debridement in knee osteomyelitis by Fusobacterium Nucleatum in a 4 years-old child

La infección osteoarticular por microorganismos anaerobios es infrecuente, siendo la infección por fusobacterium nucleatum en niños muy rara. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 4 años que consulta por dolor, limitación funcional, y signos inflamatorios locales en la rodilla derecha de 1 mes de evolución, con ausencia de fiebre y sin antecedente traumático previo. Las pruebas de imagen objetivan una lesión lítica en cóndilo femoral externo con una colección en el espacio articular. Con el diagnóstico de osteomielitis en cóndilo femoral externo y artritis séptica de rodilla, se realizaron dos artroscopias consecutivas para desbridamiento articular y curetaje de la lesión. Se instauró terapia antibiótica intravenosa empírica y posteriormente específica tras el aislamiento de fusobacterium nucleatum. Fue necesario la identificación microbiológica mediante PCR universal 16S r ARN, ante la negatividad repetida de los cultivos.Tras 8 años de seguimiento el niño no presenta signos de infección local, las imágenes radiológicas del defecto osteocondral han mejorado y a la exploración muestra una correcta movilidad realizando una vida normal, incluso actividad deportiva. Tipo de Trabajo: Reporte de Caso. Nivel Evidencia: V

Osteoarticular infection by anaerobic microorganisms is infrequent in children, specially caused by Fusobacterium Nucleatum.A 4-year-old male patient that consults for pain, functional limitation and local inflammatory signs on the right knee, without fever for a 1-month, and no history of trauma. The radiological images showed a lytic lesion in the external femoral condyle with a collection in the joint space. After the diagnosis of osteomyelitis in external femoral condyle and septic arthritis of the knee, two consecutive arthroscopies were carried out for joint debridement and curettage of the lesion.Previously the isolation of fusobacterium nucleatum an empirical intravenous antibiotic therapy was instituted. Microbiological identification by 16S rRNA universal PCR was necessary in view of the repeated negativity of the cultures. Once the diagnosis is carried out, a more specific antibiotic treatment could be administered. After 8 years of follow-up, the child showed no signs of local infection, the radiological images of the osteochondral defect had improved. On physical examination the child presented a correct mobility leading a normal life and even doing sport. Type of Study: Case report. Level of Evidence: V

Dissolved Gas Analysis Equipment for Online Monitoring of Transformer Oil: A Review.

Power transformers are the most important assets of electric power substations. The reliability in the operation of electric power transmission and distribution is due to the correct operation and maintenance of power transformers. The parameters that are most used to assess the health status of power transformers are dissolved gas analysis (DGA), oil quality analysis (OQA) and content of furfuraldehydes (FFA) in oil. The parameter that currently allows for simple online monitoring in an energized transformer is the DGA. Although most of the DGA continues to be done in the laboratory, the trend is online DGA monitoring, since it allows for detection or diagnosis of the faults throughout the life of the power transformers. This study presents a review of the main DGA monitors, single- or multi-gas, their most important specifications, accuracy, repeatability and measurement range, the types of installation, valve or closed loop, and number of analogue inputs and outputs. This review shows the differences between the main existing DGA monitors and aims to help in the selection of the most suitable DGA monitoring approach according to the needs of each case.

SNR and Standard Deviation of cGNSS-R and iGNSS-R Scatterometric Measurements.

This work addresses the accuracy of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)-Reflectometry (GNSS-R) scatterometric measurements considering the presence of both coherent and incoherent scattered components, for both conventional GNSS-R (cGNSS-R) and interferometric GNSS-R (iGNSS-R) techniques. The coherent component is present for some type of surfaces, and it has been neglected until now because it vanishes for the sea surface scattering case. Taking into account the presence of both scattering components, the estimated Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for both techniques is computed based on the detectability criterion, as it is done in conventional GNSS applications. The non-coherent averaging operation is considered from a general point of view, taking into account that thermal noise contributions can be reduced by an extra factor of 0.88 dB when using partially overlapped or partially correlated samples. After the SNRs are derived, the received waveform's peak variability is computed, which determines the system's capability to measure geophysical parameters. This theoretical derivations are applied to the United Kingdom (UK) TechDemoSat-1 (UK TDS-1) and to the future GNSS REflectometry, Radio Occultation and Scatterometry on board the International Space Station (ISS) (GEROS-ISS) scenarios, in order to estimate the expected scatterometric performance of both missions.

Novel Mutation (Gly212Val) in the PS2 Gene Associated with Early-Onset Familial Alzheimer's Disease.

Mutations in the presenilin 2 gene (PS2) are an extremely rare cause of early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (AD), accounting for only 5% of these families. These cases represent a particular model of AD, and the scarcity of reports on their clinical phenotypes makes them of great interest. We report a family with early-onset autosomal dominant AD in four members, where the two living siblings were found to carry the novel PS2 mutation Gly212Val (exon 7, transmembrane domain IV) with highly predicted pathogenicity. Age at onset ranged from 60 to 65 years and three of the cases died between ages 74 and 76 years. Clinical phenotype was quite homogeneous among affected members of the family, and overall features, including cognitive decline, tau/p-tau and amyloid-ß cerebrospinal fluid markers, neuroimaging, and neuropathology were consistent with typical AD. Lewy bodies were present but restricted to the amygdala.

Factors affecting the hepatobiliary excretion of 99mTc-MAG3: its clinical significance in routine renography.

OBJECTIVE: Since the approval of mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) for routine clinical use, reports have appeared about hepatobiliary excretion deleteriously affecting available diagnostic and quantitative information. The purpose of this study was to evaluate gallbladder (GB) uptake of MAG3 in the clinical setting and its effect on the evaluation of relative renal function and imaging. METHODS: Sixty patients with varying degrees of renal impairment were studied. Routine renal function imaging was followed with anterior and right lateral 3-min abdominal images. Factors such as photolytic degradation, reconstitution steps, (99m)Tc O(4) solution, age, and concentration are discussed. In addition, patient fasting state and radiochemical purity are evaluated. The GB uptake was determined as a percentage of the injected dose. RESULTS: The MAG3 quality control ranged from 90.9% to 99.0%. The GB uptake ranged from 0.0% (not visualized) to 0.71%. The effective renal plasma flow ranged from 88 to 743 mL/min. There was no correlation between the QC and the percentage of GB uptake (r = 0.12). The majority of patients in the nonfasting state showed minimal or reduced GB uptake when compared with the majority of patients in the fasting state. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that GB uptake of MAG3 is minimal, with no adverse effects on the diagnostic and quantitative analysis of renal function.