Hysterosalpingography versus hysterscopy in intrauterine pathology research of infertile patients.

BACKGROUND: The objective of the present paper is to confirm the validity and reliability of hysterosalpingography (HSG) in intrauterine pathology research of infertile female patients by comparing the hysteroscopy (HC) findings to a "gold standard" test. AIM: To analyze HSG and HC findings in infertility patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research was conducted as a prospective study at the Gynecological and Obstetrics Clinic "Narodni front" in Belgrade. RESULTS: HSG indicated pathological findings in 72.5% of patients whereas HC revealed abnormalities of uterine cavity in 77.5%. In 12.5% of patients, HSG demonstrated a normal uterine cavity, and HC confirmed pathological findings, while in 7.5% of patients with filling defects and irregular shapes on HSG images, HC reported normal findings. In 22.5% of patients normal finding as well as endometrial polyps were reported; congenital malformations (anomalies) were found in 32.5%, submucosal myomas in 12.5% and Asherman's syndrome in 10%. CONCLUSION: HC finding was crucial in final diagnosing.

Interactions of metronidazole with other medicines: a brief review.

Metronidazole, a medicine discovered in the late 1950 s is mainly an antibiotic active against anaerobes and protozoa. There are numerous side effects of metronidazole. Some interactions with other medicines enhance its activity, and some cause the decrease in activity and plasma concentration. A short review of its side effects, mechanisms of action and interactions with other medicines is provided. As resistance towards metronidazole occurred, these mechanisms are described as well. The data presented in the review were selected on the basis of relevancy, citation and age of the used references.

Adenosarcoma ovarii in a 51-year-old woman: case report.

This case report presents a 51-year-old woman with an adenosarcoma of ovarian origin which is a very rare tumor. She came for consultation due to abnormal vaginal bleeding. The case also illustrates the difficulty of its correct diagnosis and discusses the possible reasons of wrong preoperative and intraoperative diagnosis.

Prediction of fetal macrosomia with ultrasound parameters and maternal glycemic controls in gestational diabetes mellitus.

PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: Evaluation of ultrasound measurements of fetal adipose subcutaneous tissue (ASCT), abdominal circumference (AC), liver length (LL), and amniotic fluid index (AFI) in prediction of fetal macrosomia (FM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a prospective clinical trial, 280 pregnant women underwent 100 g oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) at 28th week of gestation (wg) and measurements ofAC, LL, AFI, and ASCT at 32nd, 34th, 36th, and 38th wg. RESULTS: For GDM, the best sensitivity was achieved by ACST at 32nd and 34th wg, the best specificity by LL at 32nd wg (90.6%), the best area under the curve (AUC) by LL at 34th wg (0.944). For FM the best sensitivity was achieved by AC at 32th, 34th, 36th, and 38th wg and by ASCT at 34th wg (94.2%), and the best AUC at 38th wg for AC (0.974). CONCLUSION: Ultrasound parameters of glycemic control were good predictors of FM and GDM.

[Primary liver carcinoma in the Subotica City Hospital 1962-1990]. / Primarni karcinom jetre u bolnici grada Subotice u periodu od 1962. do 1990. godine.

The authors have presented their observations in 108 pathologically processed cases of primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC). The material includes the period from 1962 to 1990. The most frequent form of PHC was hepatocellular (67.5%), the cholangiocellular (29.5%) and rarest, the mixed hepato-cholangiocellular form (2.9%). X-ray diagnostics were applied (celiacography, arteriography), laparoscopy, ultrasonography, aimed and blind aspirational biopsy, and laboratory examinations (alkaline phosphatase, transaminases, bilirubin, gamma-CT and so on). Somewhat more attention is given to the problem of HBV infection as the cause of primary hepatic carcinoma development. Pre-existing liver tissue diseases are also pleaded for (chronic aggressive hepatitis, hepatic cirrhosis, ect.). Beside the many diagnostic procedures, the diagnosis of primary hepatic carcinoma is usually established too late, and the therapy still remains unsatisfactory.

The association of enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and other enteric pathogens with childhood diarrhoea in Yugoslavia.

The presence of enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (ETEC and EPEC, respectively) was investigated in stool specimens of 1082 preschool children with diarrhoea and in stools of 335 healthy controls in localities in southern Yugoslavia, as well as in 566 children with diarrhoea and in 231 controls living in northern part of the country, during the seasonal peak (August-November) of enteric diseases in 1986. ETEC were found in 114 (10.5%) children with diarrhoea and in 14 (4.2%) controls (P less than 0.001) in the southern part, and in 26 (4.6%) ill children and one (0.4%) well child (P less than 0.005) in the northern part of Yugoslavia. EPEC were isolated from stools of 85 (7.9%) children with diarrhoea and of 14 (4.2%) well children (P less than 0.05) in localities of southern Yugoslavia, and from 22 (3.9%) ill children and from 10 (4.3%) controls in northern Yugoslavia. Nineteen EPEC strains expressed localized adherence to HEp-2 tissue culture cells; all were isolated from stools of ill children. In southern Yugoslavia, where other enteropathogens were sought, the most commonly found agents in ill children were shigellae (17.5%), rotavirus (11.8%), ETEC, and EPEC. Potential pathogens were detected in 44.5% cases of sporadic diarrhoea and in 15.8% controls. This study revealed that ETEC were associated with acute diarrhoeal disease in Yugoslav preschool children. On the other hand, the diagnosis of EPEC-diarrhoea by routine determination of serogroup established the association of these agents with sporadic diarrhoea only in the 0-2 years age categories in all investigated localities. In the less developed southern part of Yugoslavia bacteria were the predominant causative agents of enteric illness during the seasonal peak of this disease.