Awareness about the orthodontic specialty: A survey study.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to examine how well patients can differentiate between orthodontists and dentists. METHODS: Four hundred patients who applied to the Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology between March and November of 2022 were queried regarding the difference between an orthodontist and a dentist via a face-to-face survey. The respondents were separated into the following two study groups: patients who had previously undergone orthodontic treatment and those who had not. Demographic data of the patients, such as age, sex, educational status, and monthly income, were also collected, and the effects of these factors on their doctor preferences were analyzed. RESULTS: The vast majority of respondents (>85%) thought that a dentist should be an orthodontic specialist to provide orthodontic treatment. Seven percent of patients chose to receive orthodontic treatment from a dentist. Patients who chose an orthodontist for their treatment were predominantly female and had a high income and a higher level of education. Patients who had a history of orthodontic treatment were better aware of the profession of orthodontics than those who did not. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that the respondents did not fully understand the clear distinction between an orthodontist and a dentist. This outcome suggests that education concerning this issue is required.

Comparison of haemodynamic response to tracheal intubation with two different videolaryngoscopes: A randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Endotracheal intubation (ETI), which is the gold standard in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), may cause myocardial ischaemia by disturbing the balance between haemodynamic changes and oxygen supply and consumption of the myocardium as a result of sympathetic stimulation. In this study, we aimed to compare two different videolaryngoscopes (C-MAC and Airtraq) in the hemodynamic response to ETI. METHODS: Fifty ASA II...III CABG surgery patients were randomly assigned to C-MAC or Airtraq. The hemodynamic data included arterial blood pressure [systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP) and mean (MAP)] and heart rate (HR) and were recorded at six different points in time: before laryngoscopy-T1, during laryngoscopy-T2, immediately after intubation-T3, and 3 (T4), 5 (T5) and 10 (T6) minutes after intubation. Intraoperative complications were recorded. Patients were questioned about postoperative complications 2 and 24...hours following extubation. RESULTS: The hemodynamic response to ETI was significantly greater with C-MAC. The increase in HR started with the laryngoscopy procedure, whereas increases in SAP, DAP, and MAP started immediately after ETI (p...=...0.024; p...=...0.012; p...=...0.030; p...=...0.009, respectively). In group analyses, T1...T2, T2...T3 and T1...T3 comparisons did not show any significant differences in HR with Airtraq. However, with C-MAC, HR after intubation increased significantly compared to the pre-laryngoscopy values (T1...T3) (p...=...0.004). The duration of laryngoscopy was significantly reduced with C-MAC (p...<...0.001), but the duration of intubation and total intubation were similar (p...=...0.36; p...=...0.79). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to C-MAC, the hemodynamic response to ETI was less with Airtraq. Thus, Airtraq may be preferred in CABG patients for ETI.

Comparison of haemodynamic response to tracheal intubation with two different videolaryngoscopes: A randomized clinical trial

Abstract Background: Endotracheal intubation (ETI), which is the gold standard in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), may cause myocardial ischaemia by disturbing the balance between haemodynamic changes and oxygen supply and consumption of the myocardium as a result of sympathetic stimulation. In this study, we aimed to compare two different videolaryngoscopes (C-MAC and Airtraq) in the hemodynamic response to ETI. Methods: Fifty ASA II-III CABG surgery patients were randomly assigned to C-MAC or Airtraq. The hemodynamic data included arterial blood pressure [systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP) and mean (MAP)] and heart rate (HR) and were recorded at six different points in time: before laryngoscopy-T1, during laryngoscopy-T2, immediately after intubation-T3, and 3 (T4), 5 (T5) and 10 (T6) minutes after intubation. Intraoperative complications were recorded. Patients were questioned about postoperative complications 2 and 24hours following extubation. Results: The hemodynamic response to ETI was significantly greater with C-MAC. The increase in HR started with the laryngoscopy procedure, whereas increases in SAP, DAP, and MAP started immediately after ETI (p = 0.024; p = 0.012; p = 0.030; p = 0.009, respectively). In group analyses, T1-T2, T2-T3 and T1-T3 comparisons did not show any significant differences in HR with Airtraq. However, with C-MAC, HR after intubation increased significantly compared to the pre-laryngoscopy values (T1-T3) (p = 0.004). The duration of laryngoscopy was significantly reduced with C-MAC (p < 0.001), but the duration of intubation and total intubation were similar (p = 0.36; p = 0.79). Conclusions: Compared to C-MAC, the hemodynamic response to ETI was less with Airtraq. Thus, Airtraq may be preferred in CABG patients for ETI.

An Unusual Presentation of Kawasaki Disease: Gallbladder Hydrops and Acute Cholestatic Hepatitis.

Kawasaki disease is the most common vasculitis of childhood. In its classical form, at least four of five diagnostic criteria including cervical lymphadenopathy (1.5 cm or more), nonsuppurative conjunctivitis, intraoral mucosal changes, edema in hands and feet, and maculopapular rash are required with prolonged fever over 5 days. Atypical cases which are different from the classical type or incomplete cases which does not include all the diagnostic criteria can be seen. The typical Kawasaki disease is a self-limiting disease with fever lasting for an average of two weeks. In such patients who have not been diagnosed and whose treatment has been delayed, coronary artery aneurysm, myocardial depression, arrhythmia, and vascular complications may increase morbidity and mortality. We would like to present a rare case of an atypical patient with gallbladder hydrops and acute cholestatic hepatitis.

EFFECT OF COPPER OXIDE NANOPARTICLES TO SHEEPSHEAD MINNOW (CYPRINODON VARIEGATUS) AT DIFFERENT SALINITIES.

Nanotechnologies research has become a significant priority worldwide. Many engineered nano-sized materials have been increasingly used in consumer products. But the adverse effects of these nanoparticles on the environment and organisms have recently drawn much attention. The present study investigated the effects of different concentrations of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) on the sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) at different salinity regimes, since it is able to withstand a wide range of salinities. The results indicated that CuO NPs could cause behavioral changes in the fish, such as increased mucus secretion, less general activity and loss of equilibrium. No mortality was observed at the presence of CuO NPs during the experiments. But higher oxidative stress was determined at half strength seawater than seawater exposure medium, which can be associated with the decreasing toxicity of CuO NPs as salinity increases. In addition, Cu contents in the tissues of the fish were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the low salinity. The order of Cu accumulation in the fish's organs was intestine > gills > liver.

Association between microvascular angina and erectile dsyfunction.

Although the origin of cardiac syndrome X (CSX) is still debated, endothelial dysfunction leading to reduced coronary microvascular dilatory response and increased coronary resistance is thought to have an important role in the pathogenesis. Erectile dysfunction (ED) is associated with risk factors resulting in endotelial dysfunction. Although the relationship between cardiovascular disease and ED has been well established; the relation between CSX and ED has not been extensively studied so far. We herein aimed to study ED in patients with CSX. The study was designed as a prospective case-control study. Blood samples were analyzed with respect to concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides. The subjects answered the native language five-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function Questionnaire (IIEF)-5. Each question was scored from 0 to 5 with a maximum score of 25 denoting healty subjects. We investigated the IIEF-5 score in 51 men with CSX (mean age=48.2±6.4 years), 53 men with demonstrated coronary artery disease (CAD) (mean age=48.3±4.8 years) and 52 male controls with normal coronary arteries (mean age=47.2±6.0 years). Mean IIEF-5 scores were 19.88±3.07 for CSX group, 18.83±3.31 for CAD group and 21.40±2.94 for control group. IIEF-5 scores in CSX group were found to be significantly lower than the those of control group (P<0.001). There were no significant differences in IIEF-5 scores between CSX and CAD groups (P=0.09). We have shown for the first time that patients with CSX have lower IIEF-5 scores compared with controls with normal coronary angiograms. This study suggests that ED and CSX may be different manifestations of a common underlying vascular pathology and vasculogenic ED is frequently seen in CSX at least as much as in CAD.