ABSTRACT
The aims were to identify the symptoms and comorbidities predictive for severe illness and analyse the mild-term health sequelae in Brazilian recovered from COVID-19. Eighty-four participants were divided into mild (n = 16), moderate (n = 51), severe (n = 9) or critical (n = 8) gravity. A standardized assessment included: anamnesis to identify the symptoms and comorbidities; and cardiorespiratory system, body composition, haematological and immunological indicators, and physical fitness to analyze the mild-term health sequelae. Participants with higher gravity presented fever, fatigue and dyspnoea. Diabetes (p = 0.003), hypertension (p < 0.001) and metabolic syndrome (p = 0.010) were the comorbidities significantly associated for severe or critical illness. People with critical gravity reported a significant higher waist/hip ratio and level of visceral fat compared with mild and moderate severity. Severe and critical participants reported worst results in agility and balance test compared with mild (p = 0.015; p = < 0.001, respectively) and moderate (p = 0.014; p = < 0.001, respectively) gravity. Fever, fatigue and dyspnoea; and diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome were the symptoms and comorbidities associated with higher gravity. Mild-term, altered values of body composition, physical functioning, enhanced glucose, reticulocytes, and lymphocytes levels were reported. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Aftercare , Health , ComorbidityABSTRACT
Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by alveolar edema and uncontrolled neutrophil migration to the lung, and no specific therapy is still available. Ellagic acid, a compound present in several fruits and medicinal plants, has shown anti-inflammatory activity in several experimental disease models. We used the nonlethal acid aspiration model of ALI in mice to determine whether preventive or therapeutic administration of ellagic acid (10 mg/kg; oral route) could interfere with the development or establishment of ALI inflammation. Dexamethasone (1 mg/kg; subcutaneous route) was used as a positive control. In both preventive and therapeutic treatments, ellagic acid reduced the vascular permeability changes and neutrophil recruitment to the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and to lung compared to the vehicle. In addition, the ellagic acid accelerated the resolution for lung neutrophilia. Moreover, ellagic acid reduced the COX-2-induced exacerbation of inflammation. These results were similar to the dexamethasone. However, while the anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone treatment were due to the reduced activation of NF- κ B and AP-1, the ellagic acid treatment led to reduced BALF levels of IL-6 and increased levels of IL-10. In addition, dexamethasone treatment reduced IL-1 ß. Together, these findings identify ellagic acid as a potential therapeutic agent for ALI-associated inflammation.
