ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Homelessness is a more complex problem than the simple lack of a place to live. Homeless people (HP) often suffer from poor health and premature death due to their limited access healthcare, and are also deprived of basic human and social rights. The study protocol described here aims to evaluate the complex relationship between homelessness and health, and identify the barriers and facilitators that impact access to healthcare by HP. METHODS: This is a mixed-methods study that uses an explanatory sequential design. The first phase will consist of a cross-sectional study of 300 HP. Specific health questionnaires will be used to obtain information on health status, challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, self-reported use of healthcare, diagnoses and pharmacologic treatments, substance abuse (DAST-10), diet quality (IASE), depression (PHQ-9), and human basic needs and social support (SSQ-6). The second phase will be a qualitative study of HP using the "life story" technique with purposive sampling. We will determine the effects of different personal, family, and structural factors on the life and health status of participants. The interviews will be structured and defined using Nussbaum's capability approach. DISCUSSION: It is well-known that HP experience poor health and premature death, but more information is needed about the influence of the different specific social determinants of these outcomes and about the barriers and facilitators that affect the access of HP to healthcare. The results of this mixed methods study will help to develop global health strategies that improve the health and access to healthcare in HP.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Ill-Housed Persons , COVID-19/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Services Accessibility , Humans , PandemicsABSTRACT
El propósito de este artículo es reflexionar sobre el reto que debe asumir el sistema sanitario español, para afrontar unos cuidados de salud en una sociedad multicultural como la nuestra. Por otro lado, también pretende analizar las distintas situaciones y dificultades por las que deben pasar las personas inmigrantes para acceder al sistema sanitario y satisfacer sus demandas de salud. Sin duda, los cambios que se están viviendo en nuestra sociedad hacen necesario que los profesionales conozcamos cuáles son nuestras actitudes y cómo nos posicionamos respecto a la diversidad cultural. Ello nos ayudará a entender, respetar y valorar la importancia de la formación en competencias culturales de los profesionales de enfermería (AU)
The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the challenge that the Spanish Health System must face in tackling the issue of healthcare in a multicultural society like ours. At the same time, it also aims to analyse the different situations and difficulties that immigrants encounter in gaining access to the health system and meeting their health-related needs. Given the changes that our society is undergoing, professionals must be aware what our attitude and position are with regard to cultural diversity. This will help us understand, respect and value the importance of nursing training in cultural skills (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Cultural Diversity , Nursing Care/trends , Health Services Accessibility/trends , Human Migration/trends , Technical Cooperation , Cooperative BehaviorABSTRACT
El propósito del artículo es dar una triple visión, antropológica, ética y profesional, sobre la incidenciadel fenómeno de la multiculturalidad en la demanda de cuidados. Se pretende respondera dos de las principales preguntas que actualmente hay formuladas con relación al sistemasanitario y al trabajo enfermero que en él se desarrolla: ¿cómo incide la multiculturalidad en lademanda de cuidados? y ¿cómo han de responder las enfermeras ante esta demanda?El artículo está estructurado en tres partes: en la primera se hace un resumen de los principalesconceptos que se abordarán en el texto; la segunda está dedicada a tratar, enfatizandomás en las perspectivas ética y antropológica, sobre cómo las sociedades multiculturales condicionanlas necesidades de cuidados; en el último apartado se hace una reflexión sobre cuáldebe ser la respuesta profesional de las enfermeras a las nuevas demandas de cuidados
The purpose of this paper is to provide a triple vision -from an anthropological, ethical andprofessional perspective- on the incidence of the multicultural phenomena for demand ofhealthcare. The aim is to provide an answer to two of the main questions currently beingasked regarding the healthcare system and the nursing work that takes place in this system.How does multiculturality impact on the healthcare demand? How do nurses need toapproach this demand?The paper is structured in three parts. The first part presents a summary of the main conceptsexamined in the text. The second part has to do with how multicultural societies affect theneed for care, with special emphasis on the ethical and anthropological perspectives. The lastpart presents a reflection on what the professional answer of nurses should be with regardto this new demand for care
Subject(s)
Humans , Transcultural Nursing/trends , Nursing Care/ethics , Health Services Needs and Demand/trends , Ethics, Nursing , Professional Competence , Patient Rights/trends , Human Rights , Emigration and Immigration/trendsABSTRACT
The authors introduce three guidelines as part of the process to implant the nursing methodology based on the Virginia Henderson Conceptual Model; they propose to help nurses adopt the aforementioned method in their daily practice. These three guidelines shall be published in successive articles: Guidelines to identify attitudes and aptitudes related to the nursing profession; Guidelines to implant the nursing methodology based on the Virginia Henderson Conceptual Model; and Guidelines to plan areas for improvement.
Subject(s)
Guidelines as Topic , Nursing/methods , Humans , Models, NursingABSTRACT
Este documento es el segundo del conjunto de Guías elaboradas con el propósito general de facilitar el camino que permitirá a las enfermeras adoptar el modelo conceptual de Virginia Henderson y emplear la metodología diagnóstica en su actividad profesional (AU)
Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Professional Competence/standards , Ethics, Professional , Professional Review Organizations/organization & administration , Professional Practice/legislation & jurisprudence , Professional Practice/standards , Professional Practice/organization & administration , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Aptitude , Ethics, Professional/education , Nursing Care/methods , Nursing Care/standards , Nursing Care/organization & administration , Nursing Care/trends , Nursing CareABSTRACT
Se presentan tres Guías para el proceso de implantación de la metodología enfermera con base al modelo conceptual de Virginia Henderson con el propósito de ayudar a las enfermeras a adoptar dicho modelo en su práctica cotidiana. Son tres Guías que se irán publicando en sucesivos números: Guía para la identificación de actitudes y aptitudes en relación con la profesión enfermera. Guía para la implantación de la metodología enfermera con base al modelo de Virginia Henderson. Guía para la planificación de áreas de mejora (AU)
