Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 2 de 2
Filter
Add more filters










Database
Language
Publication year range
1.
Hum Vaccin Immunother ; 20(1): 2328955, 2024 Dec 31.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38517089

ABSTRACT

Varicella vaccine was first licensed in Japan and South Korea in 1989 for use in healthy children and was introduced in US in 1995. So far, 29 countries have adopted varicella vaccine in their universal immunization program (UIP). No Asian country, India included, has adopted the varicella vaccine as part of their UIP. The extra-cutaneous sites for VZV diseases are central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract, the expanded disease spectrum includes vasculopathy, myelitis, inflammatory bowel disease, perforated ulcers, and gastritis. The actual disease burden of varicella is not known as most of the infected individuals may not visit the physician. The amplifiable VZV DNA will not always be detectable in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples in protracted illnesses such as vasculopathies, but demonstrable anti-VZV IgG in CSF has diagnostic value. The World Health Organization (WHO) position paper 2014 recommends two doses of varicella and zoster vaccines in targeted population. In India, varicella vaccine is not included in the UIP due to the cost and the belief that lifelong immunity occurs following primary infection. The expanded spectrum of VZV disease and the mounting body of evidence, however, suggest the need for both varicella and zoster vaccines in routine immunization schedule.


Subject(s)
Chickenpox , Herpes Zoster Vaccine , Herpes Zoster , Child , Humans , Chickenpox/epidemiology , Chickenpox/prevention & control , Herpes Zoster/prevention & control , Chickenpox Vaccine , Herpesvirus 3, Human , Vaccination , Vaccines, Attenuated , India/epidemiology
2.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop ; 151(4): 678-684, 2017 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28364890

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Our objective was to assess the antibacterial and cytotoxic effects of orthodontic stainless steel brackets coated with different phases of photocatalytic titanium oxide. METHODS: From a total sample of 115 brackets, 68 orthodontic stainless steel brackets were coated with titanium oxide using a radiofrequency magnetron sputtering machine. The coated brackets were then converted into 34 each of the anatase and rutile phases of titanium oxide. These brackets were subdivided into 4 groups for antibacterial study and 3 groups for cytotoxicity study. Brackets for the antibacterial study were assessed against the Streptococcus mutans species using microbiologic tests. Three groups for the cytotoxicity study were assessed using the thiazolyl tetrazolium bromide assay. RESULTS: The antibacterial study showed that both phases were effective, but the rutile phase of photocatalytic titanium oxide had a greater bactericidal effect than did the anatase phase. The cytotoxicity study showed that the rutile phase had a greater decrease in viability of cells compared with the anatase phase. CONCLUSIONS: It is recommended that orthodontic brackets be coated with the anatase phase of titanium oxide since they exhibited a significant antibacterial property and were only slightly cytotoxic.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Cytotoxins/therapeutic use , Orthodontic Brackets/microbiology , Titanium/therapeutic use , In Vitro Techniques , Streptococcus mutans/growth & development
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...