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1.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 50(8): 414-7, 2003 Oct.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14601370

ABSTRACT

A 78-year-old man developed bradycardia with decreased level of consciousness followed by sinus arrest during femoropopliteal bypass surgery under subarachnoid anesthesia. Early in the recovery period, a similar clinical picture developed, with bradycardia but no change in level of consciousness. Sinus node automaticity or sinoatrial conduction abnormalities were suspected, and a 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram revealed bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome. The patient was prescribed amiodarone and anticoagulant therapy with acenocoumarol; no further episodes occurred during hospitalization. Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome is a sinus node disorder that manifests intermittently. It can become apparent during or shortly after surgery, leading to problems of differential diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Spinal , Bradycardia/etiology , Heart Conduction System/physiopathology , Intraoperative Complications/etiology , Tachycardia, Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry/etiology , Aged , Amiodarone/therapeutic use , Aneurysm/surgery , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Bradycardia/drug therapy , Bradycardia/physiopathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Femoral Artery/surgery , Heart Arrest/etiology , Humans , Intraoperative Complications/drug therapy , Intraoperative Complications/physiopathology , Male , Popliteal Artery/surgery , Syndrome , Tachycardia, Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry/drug therapy , Tachycardia, Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry/physiopathology
2.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 50(8): 414-417, oct. 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-28410

ABSTRACT

Un varón de 78 años desarrolló un episodio de bradiarritmia con disminución del nivel de consciencia y posteriormente una parada sinusal, al ser intervenido de derivación femoropoplítea bajo anestesia subaracnoidea. En el postoperatorio inmediato volvió a repetir un cuadro similar de una alteración del automatismo o de la conducción cardíaca, se realizó un ECG de Holter de 24 horas que reveló un síndrome de bradicardia-taquicardia. El paciente fue tratado posteriormente con amiodarona y descoagulado con acenocumarol, no repitiendo ningún otro episodio durante su ingreso. El síndrome de bradicardia-taquicardia es una disfunción del nódulo sinusal, que se manifiesta de forma intermitente y puede desenmascararse durante el periodo preoperatorio, ocasionando problemas de diagnóstico diferencial (AU)


Subject(s)
Aged , Male , Humans , Anesthesia, Spinal , Tachycardia, Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry , Syndrome , Popliteal Artery , Bradycardia , Anticoagulants , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents , Diagnosis, Differential , Amiodarone , Aneurysm , Intraoperative Complications , Femoral Artery , Heart Conduction System , Heart Arrest
4.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 50(5): 242-4, 2003 May.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12833798

ABSTRACT

A 30-year-old woman with von Willebrand's disease was admitted in labor. As epidural analgesia was ruled out due to risk of spinal hematoma, a pump for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) was provided with boluses of remifentanil and set for intravenous infusion of 24 micrograms with a lockout time of 5 minutes. The patient reported analgesia to be satisfactory. Later, because of abnormal fetal positioning, an emergency cesarean was performed with the patient under general anesthesia with remifentanil, with propofol and succinylcholine for induction. A healthy girl was born free of respiratory depression. Von Willebrand's disease is a hemorrhagic disorder of autosomal dominant inheritance due to a quantitative or functional factor VIII deficit. Various subtypes and degrees of severity of abnormal bleeding have been described. It is the most common genetic hemostatic disorder affecting obstetric procedures, and although epidural analgesia has been used with strict hematologic monitoring, that technique carries a risk of hematoma. PCA is useful in patients for whom regional techniques are contraindicated. With adequate fetal and maternal monitoring, remifentanil in PCA is safe and more effective than other opiates for labor pain.


Subject(s)
Analgesia, Obstetrical , Analgesia, Patient-Controlled , Analgesics, Opioid , Anesthesia, General , Anesthesia, Intravenous , Anesthesia, Obstetrical , Anesthetics, Intravenous , Cesarean Section , Piperidines , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic , von Willebrand Diseases , Adult , Analgesia, Epidural , Contraindications , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Piperidines/administration & dosage , Pregnancy , Propofol/administration & dosage , Remifentanil , Succinylcholine
6.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 50(5): 242-244, mayo 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-28299

ABSTRACT

Una parturienta de 30 años con enfermedad de Von Willebrand ingresó en el hospital por inicio del trabajo del parto. Para la analgesia obstétrica se decidió el uso de remifentanilo iv en bolos controlado por la paciente (PCA), se descartó la analgesia peridural por el riesgo de hematoma espinal. Se programó la bomba de PCA para administrar bolos de remifentanilo de 24 µg con tiempo de cierre de 5 minutos. La analgesia fue calificada de satisfactoria por la paciente. Posteriormente, por malposición fetal, se efectuó una cesárea urgente bajo anestesia general con remifentanilo, propofol y succinilcolina en la inducción. Nació una niña sana sin depresión respiratoria. La enfermedad de von Willebrand es una enfermedad hematológica autosómica dominante debida a un déficit cuantitativo o funcional del factor VIII de la coagulación, con varios subtipos y formas de gravedad, que se caracteriza por sangrado anormal. Es el trastorno genético de la hemostasia más frecuente en la práctica obstétrica, y aunque se ha descrito la realización de analgesia peridural bajo estricto control hematológico, puede complicarse con un hematoma. Este método de analgesia es una alternativa útil en aquellas pacientes con contraindicación para las técnicas regionales, con la adecuada monitorización de la madre y el neonato, es un procedimiento seguro y más eficaz para aliviar el dolor del trabajo del parto que otros opiáceos (AU)


Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Adult , Infant, Newborn , Female , Humans , Analgesia, Obstetrical , Analgesia, Patient-Controlled , von Willebrand Diseases , Anesthetics, Intravenous , Piperidines , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic , Cesarean Section , Anesthesia, Obstetrical , Analgesics, Opioid , Anesthesia, Intravenous , Anesthesia, General , Succinylcholine , Propofol , Analgesia, Epidural
8.
Eur J Anaesthesiol ; 19(8): 589-93, 2002 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12200949

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine has potent central antinociceptive properties. The study was designed to investigate the effects of the combined subarachnoid administration of clonidine and prilocaine on spinal block and postoperative analgesia for the transurethral resection of tumours in the urinary bladder. METHODS: The controlled, prospective, double-blind study enrolled 40 patients scheduled for elective transurethral resection of bladder tumours under spinal anaesthesia with prilocaine. Patients were randomly assigned to receive an intrathecal injection of prilocaine 75 mg alone (control group) or in combination with clonidine 75 micrograms. We assessed haemodynamic changes (non-invasive arterial pressure, heart rate), pulse oximetry, the upper level of block, the onset and duration of sensory and motor block, postoperative analgesia and any adverse effects. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in demographic data, heart rate, onset time or the levels of sensory or motor block. Analgesia lasted significantly longer in the clonidine group (498.4 +/- 226.9 versus 187.2 +/- 103.1 min; P < 0.05). The duration of motor block was longer in the clonidine group (165.5 +/- 30.6 min) than in the control group (139.7 +/- 40.4 min; P < 0.05) and the duration of sensory block was also longer in the clonidine group (157.3 +/- 24.5 min) than in the control group (137.2 +/- 31.2 min; P < 0.05). Fewer patients in the recovery room needed metamizol (dipyrone) in the clonidine group (5%) than in the control group (50%). Arterial pressure decreased significantly in the clonidine group 75-135 min after the block. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of clonidine 75 micrograms to prilocaine 75 mg for subarachnoid anaesthesia increased the duration of sensory and motor block and reduced the need for additional postoperative analgesics by providing excellent analgesia for about 8 h during recovery from transurethral resection of bladder tumours.


Subject(s)
Analgesics/administration & dosage , Anesthesia, Spinal , Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use , Clonidine/administration & dosage , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Prilocaine/therapeutic use , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anesthetics, Combined/administration & dosage , Double-Blind Method , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies
11.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 47(5): 194-7, 2000 May.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10902449

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To compare the duration of spinal block with 5% prilocaine and 2% mepivacaine in short procedures for transurethral resection and to assess possible complications in the immediate postoperative period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-seven patients scheduled for transurethral resection of the prostate or a vesical tumor. Patients were ASA I-III, over 55 years of age and randomly assigned to two groups to receive 5% prilocaine (1 mg/kg, n = 27) or 2% mepivacaine (0.8 mg/kg, n = 30). We collected data on anesthetic technique, levels of extension of motor and sensory blockades, duration of blockades and complications within the first 24 hours after surgery. RESULTS: Demographic data, ASA classification and duration of surgery were similar in both groups. We found statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in duration of sensory blockade (120.92 +/- 36.21 min with prilocaine and 145.83 +/- 35.81 min with mepivacaine) and in motor blockade (106.29 +/- 38.16 min with prilocaine and 133.16 +/- 42.21 min with mepivacaine). Five cases of hypotension and 4 of bradycardia occurred in each group and one patient in the mepivacaine group suffered slight postoperative cephalea. CONCLUSIONS: Both local anesthetics offer good surgical conditions with hemodynamic stability and few complications. The duration of sensory and motor blockade is shorter with prilocaine than with mepivacaine, making prilocaine more appropriate for short interventions.


Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Spinal , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Autonomic Nerve Block , Intraoperative Complications/etiology , Mepivacaine/administration & dosage , Prilocaine/administration & dosage , Transurethral Resection of Prostate , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anesthesia, Spinal/adverse effects , Anesthetics, Local/adverse effects , Autonomic Nerve Block/adverse effects , Bradycardia/chemically induced , Bradycardia/etiology , Humans , Hypotension/chemically induced , Hypotension/etiology , Intraoperative Complications/chemically induced , Male , Mepivacaine/adverse effects , Middle Aged , Patient Satisfaction , Prilocaine/adverse effects , Prospective Studies , Single-Blind Method , Subarachnoid Space , Supine Position , Time Factors
13.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 47(5): 194-197, mayo 2000.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-3544

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Comparar la duración del bloqueo subaracnoideo con prilocaína al 5 por ciento y con mepivacaína al 2 por ciento en resecciones transuretrales de corta duración y valorar las posibles complicaciones en el postoperatorio inmediato. Material y métodos. Se estudiaron 57 pacientes programados para resecciones transuretrales de próstata o tumores vesicales, ASA I-III y edad superior a 55 años. Fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en dos grupos, de manera que 27 sujetos recibieron prilocaína al 5 por ciento (1 mg/kg) y 30 mepivacaína al 2 por ciento (0,8 mg/kg). Se recogieron los datos sobre la técnica anestésica, los grados de extensión del bloqueo motor y sensitivo, el tiempo de duración de los mismos y las complicaciones en las primeras 24 h de la intervención. Resultados. Ambos grupos fueron comparables en cuanto a datos demográficos ASA y duración de la intervención. Encontramos diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,05) en la duración del bloqueo sensitivo (120,92 ñ 36,21 min con prilocaína y 145,83 ñ 35,81 min con mepivacaína) y la del bloqueo motor (106,29 ñ 38,16 min con prilocaína y 133,16 ñ 42,21 min con mepivacaína). Se presentaron 5 casos de hipotensión y 4 de bradicardia en cada grupo, y un caso de cefalea postoperatoria leve en el grupo mepivacaína. Conclusiones. Ambos anestésicos locales ofrecen unas buenas condiciones para la cirugía con estabilidad hemodinámica y escasas complicaciones. La prilocaína es superior a la mepivacaína por la menor duración de sus efectos sensoriales y motores, y constituye un anestésico local muy adecuado para intervenciones de corta duración (AU)


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Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Male , Humans , Transurethral Resection of Prostate , Autonomic Nerve Block , Anesthesia, Spinal , Subarachnoid Space , Time Factors , Supine Position , Patient Satisfaction , Mepivacaine , Prospective Studies , Prilocaine , Bradycardia , Anesthetics, Local , Hypotension , Intraoperative Complications , Single-Blind Method
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