The Impact of Commercially Available Dry Mouth Products on the Corrosion Resistance of Common Dental Alloys.

Dental implants are thought to be implanted for life, but throughout their lifespan, they function in aggressive oral environment, resulting in corrosion of the material itself as well as possible inflammation of adjacent tissues. Therefore, materials and oral products for people with metallic intraoral appliances must be chosen carefully. The purpose of this study was to investigate the corrosion behavior of common titanium and cobalt-chromium alloys in interaction with various dry mouth products using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The study showed that different dry mouth products lead to different open circuit potentials, corrosion voltages, and currents. The corrosion potentials of Ti64 and CoCr ranged from -0.3 to 0 V and -0.67 to 0.7 V, respectively. In contrast to titanium, pitting corrosion was observed for the cobalt-chromium alloy, leading to the release of Co and Cr ions. Based on the results, it can be argued that the commercially available dry mouth remedies are more favorable for dental alloys in terms of corrosion compared to Fusayama Meyer's artificial saliva. Thus, to prevent undesirable interactions, the individual characteristics of not only the composition of each patient's tooth and jaw structure, but also the materials already used in their oral cavity and oral hygiene products, must be taken into account.

Application of bioengineering devices for stress evaluation in dentistry: the last 10 years FEM parametric analysis of outcomes and current trends.

INTRODUCTION: Dentistry, therefore implantology, prosthetics, implant prosthetics or orthodontics in all their variants, are medical and rehabilitative branches that have benefited greatly from these methods of investigation to improve the predictability of rehabilitations. We will examine the Finite Element Method and Finite Element Analysis in detail. This method involves the simulation of mechanical forces from an environment with infinite elements, the real one, to a simulation with finite elements. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: The study searched MEDLINE databases from 2008 to 2018. Human use of FEM in vitro studies reported a contribution on oral rehabilitation through the use of FEM analysis. The initial search obtained 296 citations. After a first screening, the present revision considered the English-language works referred to human application of the FEM published in the last 10 years. Finally, 34 full texts were available after screening. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: The ultimate aim of this review is to point out all the progress made in the field of bioengineering and therefore, thanks to this, in the field of medicine. Instrumental investigations such as FEM are an excellent tool that allows the evaluation of anatomical structures and any facilities for rehabilitation before moving on to experimentation on animals, so as to have mechanical characteristics and satisfactory load cycle testing. CONCLUSIONS: FEM analysis contributes substantially to the development of new technologies and new materials in the biomedical field, being able to perform a large number of simulations without the need for patients or to perform human tests. Thanks to the 3D technology and to the reconstructions of both the anatomical structures and eventually the alloplastic structures used in the rehabilitations it is possible to consider all the mechanical characteristics, so that they can be analyzed in detail and improved where necessary. It is possible thanks to these methods to know what are the ideal characteristics of a material to promote an oral rehabilitation, so we know the characteristics, it remains only to take a step in the field of the industry for the construction of materials close to these characteristics.

Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of the Efficiency of the Application of Foams with False Xerostomia.

AIMS: Xerostomia syndrome is a significant medical and social problem. It is manifested by objective and subjective symptoms of a "dry mouth" and a decrease in sialometry. The aim of the study was to determine the dental status of students of different nationalities, to identify xerostomia induced on a background of stress, and to assess the effectiveness of the use of moisturizing foams in alleviating xerostomia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cohort study survey (Fox test) of 100 students of the dental faculty was conducted to detect false xerostomia. The study involved 60 people with false xerostomia, divided into four groups of 15 each according to the nationality. The level of oral hygiene was determined using the Simplified Oral Hygiene and Silness-Loe indices and the rate of salivation was assessed with sialometry method by Pozharitskaya. Oral hygiene instructions were given to the participants. They were to apply moisturizing foams with lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase, and aloe vera, two-three times during the day for 3 weeks. A set of statistical programs was used (Microsoft Excel [2007] and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences [SPSS], version 23) to perform Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis, and Wilcoxon tests. RESULTS: A statistically significant improvement in oral hygiene was observed in all study participants. A significant increase was detected in the rate of salivation in students from Russia (P = 0.005), Transcaucasian countries (P = 0.006), and Arab countries (P = 0.005). CONCLUSION: It has been established that the use of moisturizing foam has a positive effect on the rate of salivation and improves the level of oral hygiene, thereby improving the quality of life for patients.