Effect of Spiritual Care Based on the Sound Heart Model on Spiritual Experiences of Hemodialysis Patients.

Hemodialysis patients require spiritual care due to their spiritual distress. This study aimed to investigate the effect of spiritual care on spiritual experiences of hemodialysis patients. This randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2017 at hemodialysis departments of Baqiyatallah and Cham ran hospitals in Tehran. The volunteer patients were selected by available sampling according to the inclusion criteria. Participants were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Interventions were performed in the educational-supportive nursing system according to the patients' self-care ability. Eight individual counseling sessions, 15-45 min, face-to-face, during dialysis, once a week were implemented for intervention group. Developing the relationship with God, self, people and nature were the main goals of care. Daily spiritual experience questionnaire was completed by patients before and three months after the intervention. There was no significant difference in the spiritual experience score of the intervention (75.20 ± 9.14) and control group (76.63 ± 10.03), before the intervention (P = 0.523). There was a statistically significant difference between the intervention (82.93 ± 5.69) and the control group score (77.24 ± 12.09) three months after the intervention (P < 0.0001). Due to the need for holistic and community-oriented care and the positive effect of this study, the use of the Sound Heart Model is recommended for Muslim patients.

An Islamic Religious Spiritual Health Training Model for Patients.

Fear and anxiety caused by acute diseases, despair and sorrow resulting from chronic illness, are spiritual reactions which require care. Spiritual care should be done based on a training model. This study was conducted to design and validate "an Islamic religious spiritual health training model for patients." Content analysis was applied for health education models and motivation theories in this qualitative study. Based on the components of the spiritual care model of Sound Heart, compatible concepts were adopted and formulated to a model. Model was designed by using the three-step theory synthesis of Walker and Avant, in order to predispose the conversion of emotions derived from fear and sorrow to emotions filled with confidence and security, as well as behavioral adaptation to diseases. For problem-focused and emotion-focused adaptation, the disease should be introduced as a challenge through improving the patient's relationship with God and by developing courage and optimism. Patients can then reach Sound Heart and healthy behavior after improving relationships with themselves, people, and nature, using religious norms and development of commitment, control, and motivation. The patients' progress can be assessed by daily self-control. Spiritual consulters should act as mentor when performing and instructing spiritual health. They should make themselves competent and empowered for helping patients and managing their harmful emotions. The model emphasizes on: patient- and family-focused approach, self-care, home care, and engaging patients' logos.

Sound Heart: Spiritual Nursing Care Model from Religious Viewpoint.

Different methods of epistemology create different philosophical views. None of the nursing theories have employed the revelational epistemology and the philosophical views of Abrahamic religions. According to Abrahamic religions, the universe and human being have been created based on God's affection. Human being should deserve the position of God's representative on earth after achieving all ethical merits. Humans have willpower to shape their destiny by choosing manner of their relationship with God, people, themselves and the whole universe. They can adopt the right behavior by giving a divine color to their thoughts and intentions and thus attain peace and serenity in their heart. Health means having a sound heart (calm spirit with a sense of hope and love, security and happiness) that is achievable through faith and piety. Moral vices lead to diseases. Human beings are able to purge their inside (heart) through establishing a relationship with God and then take actions to reform the outside world. The worlds are run by God's will based on prudence and mercy. All events happen with God's authorization, and human beings have to respond to them. Nurses should try to recognize the patient's spiritual response to illness that can appear as symptoms of an unsound heart (fear, sadness, disappointment, anger, jealousy, cruelty, grudge, suspicion, etc.) due to the pains caused by illness and then alleviate the patient's suffering by appropriate approaches. Nurses help the patient to achieve the sound heart by hope in divine mercy and love, and they help the patient see good in any evil and relieve their fear and sadness by viewing their illness positively and then attain the status of calm, satisfaction, peace and serenity in their heart and being content with the divine fate. By invitation to religious morality, the model leads the patients to spiritual health.