ABSTRACT
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has emerged as a significant and prevalent comorbidity associated with chronic lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and interstitial lung diseases. These overlap syndromes are associated with worse patient-reported outcomes (sleep quality, quality of life measures, mental health) than each condition independently. Observational studies suggest that patients with overlap syndrome who are adherent to positive airway pressure therapy report improved quality of life, sleep quality, depression, and daytime symptoms. Screening for and management of OSA in patients with overlap syndrome should emphasize the interconnected nature of these 2 conditions and the positive impact that OSA management can have on patients' well-being and overall health.
Subject(s)
Dyspnea , Quality of Life , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive , Humans , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications , Dyspnea/therapy , Dyspnea/epidemiology , Comorbidity , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has produced millions of infections and deaths worldwide. It is believed that adaptive immunity to the virus occurs although with variation in its pattern and duration. While uncommon, confirmed reinfection with the novel coronavirus has been reported. Telemedicine has emerged as a viable tool for the delivery of healthcare in lieu of in-person patient contact. The variable and occasionally rapid course of clinical disease raises safety concerns of using telemedicine in the clinical management of acute infection with the novel coronavirus. We present a case of novel coronavirus infection in an immunocompetent individual with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) who failed to manifest an adaptive immune response to acute infection and was subsequently reinfected. The case highlights the use of telemedicine in managing novel coronavirus respiratory disease and the potential role of OSA as a disease facilitator.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/diagnosis , SARS-CoV-2 , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive , Aged , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Reinfection , Telemedicine , COVID-19 Drug TreatmentABSTRACT
Natural lung aging is characterized by molecular and cellular changes in multiple lung cell populations. These changes include shorter telomeres, increased expression of cellular senescence markers, increased DNA damage, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and stem cell exhaustion. Aging, combined with the loss of protective repair processes, correlates with the development and incidence of chronic respiratory diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ultimately, it is the interplay of age-related changes in biology and the subsequent responses to environmental exposures that largely define the physiology and clinical course of the aging lung.
