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Clín. investig. ginecol. obstet. (Ed. impr.) ; 42(3): 112-117, jul.-sept. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-142317

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Evaluar la eficacia del tratamiento médico con misoprostol en el aborto espontáneo del primer trimestre de la gestación. En segundo plano, conocer la incidencia de efectos secundarios y complicaciones e identificar las causas que puedan motivar el fracaso del tratamiento médico. Establecer el grado de aceptabilidad y satisfacción de las pacientes. Realizar un estudio coste/eficacia. Sujetos y métodos: Estudio longitudinal, observacional, prospectivo, descriptivo y analítico. Se evaluó a 680 pacientes con diagnóstico de aborto espontáneo del primer trimestre en el periodo comprendido entre junio de 2009 y diciembre de 2011 en el Hospital Clínico San Carlos, elaborándose un protocolo para la administración del tratamiento médico con misoprostol para aquellas pacientes que lo aceptaban, frente al tratamiento quirúrgico clásico. Resultados: El éxito del tratamiento médico fue del 81,85%. Eficaz en el 89,21% de los abortos consumados incompletos, en el 79,52% de los abortos diferidos y en el 78,46% de las gestaciones anembrionadas. Hubo efectos secundarios menores en el 33,59% de las pacientes, declarándose satisfechas el 84,99% de las pacientes. Con respecto al estudio de costes, se produjo un ahorro por paciente de 960,54 Euros. Conclusiones: El éxito del tratamiento médico en nuestro estudio fue elevado, siendo eficaz aproximadamente en 8 de cada 10 pacientes. El misoprostol es altamente aceptado por las pacientes, declarándose la mayoría satisfechas. La incidencia de efectos secundarios menores es baja, y fueron bien tolerados, por lo que su presencia no parece que limite la aplicación de dicho tratamiento. Su utilización contribuye a reducir los costes sanitarios


Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of medical treatment with misoprostol in spontaneous abortion in the first trimester; to determine the incidence of adverse effects and complications and identify causes that may lead to the failure of medical treatment; to identify the acceptability of the treatment, patient acceptance and patient satisfaction; and to perform a cost-effectiveness analysis. Subjects and methods: A longitudinal, observational, prospective, descriptive and analytic study was performed in 680 patients diagnosed with spontaneous abortion in the first trimester between June 2009 and December 2011 at the Hospital Clínico San Carlos. A protocol was developed for medical treatment with misoprostol administration for patients who accepted to undergo this treatment rather than classical surgery. Results: The success of medical treatment was 81.85%. The treatment was effective in 89.21% of incomplete abortions, in 79.52% of missed abortions, and in 78.46% of anembrionic pregnancies. Minor adverse effects occurred in 33.59% of the patients, and 84.99% of the patients reported they were satisfied. Medical treatment produced a cost saving of 960.54 Euros per patient. Conclusions: The success of medical treatment in our study was high, with misoprostol administration being effective in approximately 8 out of 10 patients. Misoprostol is highly accepted by patients and most reported that they were satisfied. The incidence of minor adverse effects was low, and these effects were well tolerated; consequently, their presence does not seem to restrict the application of this treatment. Misoprostol use helps to reduce healthcare costs


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Abortion, Spontaneous/chemically induced , Abortion, Spontaneous/pathology , Vacuum Curettage/instrumentation , Vacuum Curettage/methods , Pregnancy/metabolism , Observational Study , Abortion, Spontaneous/metabolism , Abortion, Spontaneous/rehabilitation , Vacuum Curettage/classification , Vacuum Curettage/standards , Pregnancy/psychology , Prospective Studies
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