ABSTRACT
Background The outcomes of treating severe wrist injuries are not well understood and despite their complexity and prevalence, particularly among young adults, spaghetti wrist is rarely investigated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the postsurgery, functional outcome of spaghetti wrist injuries. Material and Methods In this prospective cross-sectional study, 153 patients with spaghetti wrist injuries were followed up for approximately 20 months and were assessed regarding returning to work and postsurgical functional outcomes that included tendon functionality, opposition, intrinsic function, deformity, sensation, and grip strength. Results The mean age was 28.3 ± 5 years. The most common cause of injury was glass window panes and bottles. Moreover, the most commonly involved structures were the tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis 3, 4, and 5. During the follow-up, the tendon functionality in 120 (78%), opposition in 115 (75.1%), and intrinsic function in 62 (40.5%) were "excellent." Hand sensation was "fair" in 75 patients (49.1%), "good" in 46 patients (30%), and "excellent" in 28 patients (18.3%). The average return time to activities of daily living was 10 months. Conclusion In this study, worse outcomes were seen in older patients and those with higher number of damaged structures (especially nerves).
ABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction Unilateral labyrinthectomy and intra-tympanic gentamycin have been employed in the treatment of Ménière's disease, but the efficacy of these techniques has not been well established. Objective The objective of this study is to measure the time course of recovery from a unilateral labyrinthectomy either after ipsilateral topical treatment with gentamicin to the inner ear or without the previous insult. Methods Twenty-nine adult Mongolian gerbils were randomized into two experimental groups. Group 1 (n=17) received a right ear gentamicin drug-induced lesion by unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL). Group 2 (n=12) only received a right unilateral labyrinthectomy lesion. We measured the horizontal vestibulo-ocular responses in gerbils before and after the lesion. The gerbils received an angular acceleration stimulus and their eye movements were recorded. Results The gentamicin lesion resulted in a quicker recovery. Experimental groups underwent a similar time course of recovery. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the two groups. Both groups displayed adaptation to the lesion by day 21, but long-term compensation did not completely revert to the original pre-lesion state. Conclusions In a lesion requiring both static and dynamic compensation as in UL, the need for a static compensation may alter pre-existing compensation from a previous dynamic insult and require a new compensation. A previous lesion and adaptation is not preserved for a second lesion and the subject has to re-compensate. Therefore, surgical treatment in Meniere's disease such as UL can be considered without prior gentamicin treatment. Static and dynamic compensations do not appear to be as independent as previous studies have suggested.
Subject(s)
Animals , Otologic Surgical Procedures , Vertigo/therapy , Vestibular Diseases , Models, Animal , RodentiaABSTRACT
Introduction Unilateral labyrinthectomy and intra-tympanic gentamycin have been employed in the treatment of Ménière's disease, but the efficacy of these techniques has not been well established. Objective The objective of this study is to measure the time course of recovery from a unilateral labyrinthectomy either after ipsilateral topical treatment with gentamicin to the inner ear or without the previous insult. Methods Twenty-nine adult Mongolian gerbils were randomized into two experimental groups. Group 1 (n = 17) received a right ear gentamicin drug-induced lesion by unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL). Group 2 (n = 12) only received a right unilateral labyrinthectomy lesion. We measured the horizontal vestibulo-ocular responses in gerbils before and after the lesion. The gerbils received an angular acceleration stimulus and their eye movements were recorded. Results The gentamicin lesion resulted in a quicker recovery. Experimental groups underwent a similar time course of recovery. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the two groups. Both groups displayed adaptation to the lesion by day 21, but long-term compensation did not completely revert to the original pre-lesion state. Conclusions In a lesion requiring both static and dynamic compensation as in UL, the need for a static compensation may alter pre-existing compensation from a previous dynamic insult and require a new compensation. A previous lesion and adaptation is not preserved for a second lesion and the subject has to re-compensate. Therefore, surgical treatment in Meniere's disease such as UL can be considered without prior gentamicin treatment. Static and dynamic compensations do not appear to be as independent as previous studies have suggested.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Recently, several transcription factors were found to possess large-scale chromatin unfolding activity; these include the VP16 acidic activation domain, BRCA1, E2F1, p53, and the glucocorticoid and estrogen steroid receptors. In these studies, proteins were fluorescently labeled and targeted to a multimerized array of DNA sequences in mammalian cultured cells, and changes in the appearance and/or size of the array were observed. This type of experiment is impeded by the low throughput of traditional microscopy. METHODS: We report the application of automated microscopy to provide unattended, rapid, quantitative measurements of fluorescently labeled chromosome regions. RESULTS: The automated image collection routine produced results comparable to results previously obtained by manual methods and was significantly faster. Using this approach, we identified two subdomains within the E domain of estrogen receptor alpha capable of inducing large-scale chromatin decondensation. CONCLUSIONS: This work confirms that, like BRCA1, the activation function 2 region of the estrogen receptor has more than one distinct chromatin unfolding domain. In addition, we demonstrate the feasibility of using automated microscopy as a high-throughput screen for identifying modulators of large-scale chromatin folding. The Supplementary Material referred to in this article can be found at the CYTO Part A website (http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0196-4763/suppmat/v58A.html)
