ABSTRACT
The matricellular protein periostin is strongly expressed in collagen-rich connective tissues such as periodontal ligaments (PDLs), skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, tendons, skin, and bone. It is prominent in tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and cardiac repair. It is localized in the periosteum and PDL, where it is seen in the cytoplasmic extensions of the PDL fibroblasts. It plays a key role in morphogenesis, postnatal development, and maintenance of the tooth, and related structures. It mediates and augments collagen fibrillogenesis, cell migration, adhesion, response to mechanical stress, and wound healing. It has been shown to be an integral regulator of periodontal disease pathogenesis and repair. This review focuses on the various functional aspects of periostin in dental connective tissue development and maintenance.
Subject(s)
Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism , Fibroblasts/metabolism , Periodontal Ligament/metabolism , Tooth/metabolism , Bone Development/genetics , Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics , Cell Movement , Collagen/metabolism , Connective Tissue/metabolism , Humans , Periosteum/metabolism , Periosteum/ultrastructure , Stress, Mechanical , Tooth/growth & developmentABSTRACT
The Oralfacialdigital Syndromes (OFD) results from the pleiotropic effect of a morphogenetic impairment affecting almost invariably the mouth, face and digits. In view of the different modes of inheritance and the different prognoses of the most common OFDs; OFD I, and II, it is important to establish a correct diagnosis in these patients. A case of type II OFD syndrome is being reported and the distinguishing clinico-radiological features with type I are compared. This case reports also reviews the various other types of OFD and their distinguishing characteristics and emphasizes the early diagnosis and treatment of the same.
