ABSTRACT
Four sets of angiotensin II (AngII) analogues with position 5 modifications, two agonist series with either Asp or Sar in position 1 and L-Phe in position 8, and two antagonist series with again Asp or Sar in position 1 and Leu in position 8 were synthesized. Modifications in positions 5 were introduced successively: Ile, Nle, Met, S-ethyl Cys, S-n-propyl-Cys, S-n-butyl Cys, S-t-butyl Cys and S-benzyl Cys in all four series. The study was undertaken in order to investigate the 5-position residue of AngII by replacing the hydrophobic side-chain by another containing an electrophilic moiety. The analogues were synthesised by solid phase synthesis using the Boc/Bzl or Fmoc/But strategy. All analogues were evaluated by their binding properties to the AT1 receptor on bovine adrenocortical membranes (bAT1). The results indicate that AngII analogues bind, irrespective of their agonistic or antagonistic nature or of their position 1 modification, in a similar manner and that position 5 modifications without beta-branching behave in an additive manner towards their affinity.
Subject(s)
Angiotensin II/analogs & derivatives , Angiotensin II/pharmacology , Adrenal Cortex/drug effects , Adrenal Cortex/metabolism , Angiotensin I/metabolism , Angiotensin II/chemical synthesis , Animals , Cattle , Chromatography, Gel , In Vitro Techniques , Membranes/drug effects , Membranes/metabolism , Rabbits , Receptors, Angiotensin/drug effects , Receptors, Angiotensin/metabolism , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
Angiotensin II (AII) analogs bearing n-Leu, Met or S-substituted groups for cysteine at position 5 were studied regarding their agonistic and tachyphylactic properties. It was shown that these analogs lowered the relative affinity towards the AT1 receptor as determined by contractile responses, which could be due to the removal of the beta-branching residue at position 5. Insertion of a sulfur atom in a different position away from the attached backbone carbon atom presented no significant difference in EC50 values for these analogs. Interestingly, the S-bearing analogs at position 5 were full agonists but the tachyphylactic property was lost, in contrast to [n-Leu5]AII, which still induced reduction of the contractile responses. Nevertheless after replacing the Asp with Sar in position 1 (Sar1) tachyphylaxis was again established. It is concluded that the insertion of Met or an S-substituted cysteine into the side chain at position 5 of AII may promote interactions with its receptor due to the slight electronegative character of the sulfur atom and changes in the restricted conformational freedom of the Ile5 residue in the AII molecule. This was overcome by Sar1, probably through interactions due to its fully protonated N-terminal amino group and favoring the conformation responsible for the tachyphylaxis phenomenon.
