Treatment of peri-implantitis using nonsurgical debridement combined with bioresorbable doxycycline nanospheres: a case report with 3-year follow-up.

Treatment of peri-implant diseases focuses on reducing the bacterial load and consequent infection control. The use of local antimicrobials as an adjunct to mechanical therapy may result in a better outcome. Among antimicrobials, doxycycline stands out because of its local modulation of cytokines, microbial reduction, and clinical parameters in the treatment of periodontal diseases. The objective of this case report was to describe the combined application of mechanical debridement and bioresorbable doxycycline-loaded nanospheres for the treatment of peri-implantitis in a 71-year-old man. At the 3-year evaluation, the peri-implant tissues had improved, showing decreased probing depths, an absence of bleeding on probing, and no suppuration. This case report highlights the importance of supportive therapy, which is essential for the long-term success of peri-implantitis treatment.

BMP-2 and asporin expression regulate 5-aza-dC-mediated osteoblast/cementoblast differentiation of periodontal dental ligament mesenchymal progenitor cells.

Periodontal dental ligament (PDL) is composed of heterogeneous population of mesenchymal progenitor cells. The mechanisms that regulate the differentiation of these cells towards osteoblast/cementoblast phenotype are not fully understood. Some studies have demonstrated that is possible to change the pattern of cell differentiation via epigenetic mechanisms. The proposal of this study was to investigate whether 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC) treatment would stimulate the osteoblast/cementoblast differentiation of periodontal ligament mesenchymal progenitor cells (PDL-CD105+ enriched cells), characterized as low osteoblast potential, through bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) modulation. PDL-CD105+ cells from a single donor were cloned and characterized in two populations as high osteoblast/cementoblast potential (HOP) and low osteoblast/cementoblast potential (LOP) by mineralization in vitro and expression of osteogenic gene markers, such as runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and asporin (ASPN). Next, two LOP clones (L1 and L2) were pretreated with 5-aza-dC (10 µM) for 48 h, cultured under osteogenic condition and evaluated for mineralized matrix in vitro, transcription modulation of osteogenic gene markers, methylated and hydroxymethylated DNA levels of BMP-2 and ASPN and intracellular/extracellular expression of BMP-2 protein. LOP clones showed high expression of ASPN transcripts associated with low mRNA levels of BMP-2, RUNX2, ALP, and OCN. 5-aza-dC treatment raised hydroxymethylated DNA levels of BMP-2 and increased the expression of BMP-2 transcripts in both LOP clones. However, BMP-2 protein (intracellular and secreted forms) was detected only in L1 cell clones, in which it was observed an increased expression of osteoblast/cementoblast markers (RUNX2, ALP, OCN) associated with higher mineralization in vitro. In L2 cell clones, 5-aza-dC increased gene expression of ASPN, with no great change in for osteoblast/cementoblast differentiation potential. These data show that 5-aza-dC improves osteoblast/cementoblast differentiation of PDL-CD105+ cells via BMP-2 secretion, and this effect depends on low levels of ASPN expression.

Doença peri-implantar: Abordagens contemporâneas / Peri-implant disease: contemporary approaches

O uso de implantes dentários é considerado uma revolução na Odontologia moderna. Entretanto, um dos grandes desafios encontrados na Implantodontia é o processo de reabsorção óssea ao redor dos implantes, após sua colocação ou durante o uso. Esta revisão teve por objetivo discutir alguns avanços nas pesquisas científicas que utilizam parâmetros clínicos para classificação da doença peri-implantar. Diversos estudos na literatura demonstram que essas ferramentas podem promover uma melhor compreensão, tanto do cirurgião-dentista quanto dos pacientes que necessitam da utilização desses.

The use of dental implants is considered a revolution in modern dentistry. However, the great challenges found at implantodontology is the process of bone resorption around implants after placement or during use. This review aims to discuss some advances in scientific research that use clinical parameters to classify peri-implant disease. Several studies in the literature demonstrate these tools can promote a better understanding for both dental surgeons and patients in need of this.

Molar incisor hypomineralization: an aesthetic conservative restorative approach / Hipomineralização molar-incisivo: uma abordagem restauradora estética conservadora

ABSTRACT The aim this study is to present a clinical case of conservative aesthetic restorative treatment of teeth 11 and 21 in a patient diagnosed with molar incisor hypomineralization. An 18-year-old female patient came to the Outpatient Restorative Dentistry Clinic at the Federal University of Espírito Santo, complaining mainly of not feeling comfortable with a color change in her anterior teeth. Molar incisor hypomineralization was diagnosed in molars and incisors and the negative psychosocial implications for the aesthetics involved were noticed. Due to factors such as age, financial viability, technical facility and low degree of severity, we opted for maximum preservation of the healthy tooth structure, through minimal surgical intervention to remove the irregular enamel only and subsequently restore the teeth involved (11 and 21) with resin composite. For the patient, this conservative procedure restored function and aesthetics, and thereby improved her emotional and social behavior. Conservative restorations can provide real solutions, especially in cases of molar incisor hypomineralization in anterior teeth where the patient's psychological state should always be considered. An appropriate assessment of the dental substrate and a careful restorative technique are necessary for success in terms of aesthetics and function and can quickly promote the patient's well-being.

RESUMO O objetivo do trabalho é apresentar um caso clínico de tratamento restaurador estético conservador de dentes anteriores (11 e 21) em paciente com diagnóstico de hipomineralização-molar incisivo. A paciente do sexo feminino, 18 anos, procurou o ambulatório de Odontologia Restauradora Clínica da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, com queixa principal de incômodo com a alteração de cor dos dentes anteriores. Houve o diagnóstico de hipomineralização-molar incisivo em dentes molares e incisvos, percebendo-se uma implicação psicossocial negativa pela estética envolvida. Devido aos fatores idade, viabilidade financeira, facilidade técnica e baixo grau de severidade da lesão, optou-se por privilegiar uma maior preservação possível de estrutura dentária sadia, sendo realizada mínima intervenção operatória, removendo-se somente o esmalte irregular com subsequente restauração com resina composta nos elementos envolvidos (11 e 21). Este procedimento restaurador conservador foi capaz de devolver à paciente função e estética, melhorando seu comportamento emocional e social. As restaurações estéticas conservadoras podem ser altamente resolutivas, principalmente em casos de hipomineralização-molar incisivo em dentes anteriores, onde o fator psicológico do paciente deve sempre ser considerado. Uma avaliação adequada do substrato dentário e criteriosa técnica restauradora são necessárias para o sucesso no âmbito estético-funcional, sendo capaz de restabelecer rapidamente o bem-estar do paciente.

Radiographic Bone Evaluation after Periodontal Full Mouth Disinfection Treatment in Women Undergoing Chemotherapy or Hormone Therapy with Tamoxifen

Objective: To radiographically evaluate the alveolar bone level after periodontal full mouth disinfection (FMD) treatment in women during chemotherapy (CHE) and hormone therapy with Tamoxifen (TAM). Material and Methods: This is an uncontrolled clinical trial with a convenience sample of women in antineoplastic treatment (CHE and TAM) and non-surgical periodontal FMD treatment. The Radiographic examination consisted of four bitewing radiographs and six periapical radiographs of the upper and lower anterior teeth, acquired according to the parallelling standard technique at three times: before (T0), 3 (T3) and 6 (T6) months after periodontal treatment. The alveolar crest level in the interproximal area of each tooth was measured by two calibrated observer using magnifying glass and digital caliper. Statistical analysis was performed for evaluation of the three times in each experimental group using the Friedman test (p < 0.05) and between groups, the Mann Whitney test (p <0.05). Results: Overall, 14 women undergoing treatment for breast cancer participated in this study. A follow-up loss of five (35.71%) women occurred during the study and the final sample size was composed of nine women divided into two groups: CHE (n = 4) and TAM (n = 5). A total of 330 sites were evaluated: 126 (CHE) and 204 (TAM). The alveolar bone level showed statistically significant reduction after 6 months of FMD therapy (p <0.05), but there was no difference between antineoplastic treatment type (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Patients undergoing chemotherapy and hormone therapy with Tamoxifen showed better alveolar bone levels after six months of periodontal FMD treatment. The current antineoplasic therapy did not influence the results obtained with periodontal treatment.

Iniciação científica: percepção do interesse de acadêmicos de odontologia de uma universidade brasileira / Scientific initiation: the perception of academic interest of dentistry of a Brazilian university

A iniciação científica é uma oportunidade aos acadêmicos de desenvolver senso crítico, ético e profissional, com o intuito de aumentar a evidenciação científica e conduzir o que de melhor a prática odontológica pode oferecer. A universidade é um cenário importante de estímulo e incentivo à pesquisa, tendo um papel fundamental no desenvolvimento desta atividade, sendo necessário o apoio institucional e de professores interessados. O objetivo é conhecer o interesse dos graduandos do curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo em relação à pesquisa científica. O estudo se caracteriza como descritivo transversal com abordagem quanti/qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada com 101 acadêmicos do curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES) através de um questionário semiestruturado, pré-validado, contendo perguntas sobre o interesse em pesquisa, participação em jornadas científicas e sobre o Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC). Os resultados encontrados foram: 79,2% relatam gostar de pesquisa científica e 81,19% têm interesse em pesquisar. É principalmente no 3o e 4o períodos que os alunos começam a frequentar eventos científicos, e na sua maioria, no 5o e 6o períodos começam a elaborar e apresentar trabalhos científicos. Conclui-se que um número considerável de acadêmicos de Odontologia mostra interesse e participa de pesquisas científicas, mesmo que a falta de incentivo financeiro, apoio dos professores e da infraestrutura não colabore para a realização de estudos com maior evidência científica...

Undergraduate research is an opportunity for students to develop critical, ethical and professional thought, in order to increase the scientific disclosure and conducts in accordance to the best dental practice available. The university is an important scenario where to stimulate and encourage research, playing a key role in the development of this activity; for that, institutional support and interested teachers is necessary. The objective of this research is to know the interest of undergraduate students of Dentistry at the Federal University of Espirito Santo regarding scientific research. The study is characterized as a cross-sectional, quantitative / qualitative approach. Data collection was conducted with 101 students of Dentistry at Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES) through a semi-structured, pre-validated questionnaire, including questions about the interest in research, participation in scientific conferences and Graduation Monography. The results were: 79.2% reported liking for scientific research and has 81.19% interest in research. It is mainly in the 3rd and 4th periods that students begin to attend scientific meetings, and mostly on the 5th and 6th period begin to prepare and present scientific papers. It is concluded that considerable number of dental students shows interest and participate in scientific research, in spite of the lack of financial incentive, teacher support and infrastructure, which do not facilitate the conduction of studies collecting more scientific evidence...

Conhecimento atual sobre a necessidade de imunização da hepatite B dos acadêmicos da área da saúde de uma universidade brasileira / Current knowledge on the need for hepatitis B immunization among academians in the healthcare field of a Brazilian university

Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento sobre a vacinação da hepatite B, deacadêmicos dos cursos de Medicina, Odontologia e Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo(UFES). Materiais e Métodos: A metodologia utilizada foi descritiva transversal com abordagem quantitativae qualitativa, através de questionário semiestruturado validado em uma amostra de 298 acadêmicos. Os dadosquantitativos foram expressos em frequências absolutas e relativas, e aos dados qualitativos seguiu-se a análisede Conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: Dos alunos que acreditam que a vacinação é obrigatória, 83 (61,02%) sãoalunos de Medicina, 63 (77,77%) de Enfermagem e 50 (61,72%) de Odontologia. Dos alunos que são vacinados contra a hepatite B, a maioria são alunos de Medicina, com 109 (80,14%), seguidos pelos da Enfermagem com 58 (71,60%) e por último os de Odontologia 54 (66,66%). Na abordagem qualitativa, verificou-se apenas um eixo temático, Acesso. Sobre o acesso à informação sobre a doença, houve relato de diversos locais deobtenção do conhecimento. Foram citados também diversos locais que devem ser procurados pelos acadêmicosem caso de acidente com perfurocortantes. Conclusão: Embora os acadêmicos da área da saúde da UFEStenham conhecimentos satisfatórios sobre a vacinação contra a hepatite B, muitos ainda não foram vacinados.Diante disso, observa-se a necessidade de campanhas de prevenção e esclarecimentos no intuito de aumentaro compromisso com vacinações dos alunos da área de saúde.