Factores asociados al afrontamiento psicológico frente a la COVID-19 durante el periodo de cuarentena / Factors associated with psychological coping with COVID-19 during quarantine period

Introducción: Aunque se está generando múltiple evidencia clínica sobre la COVID-19, también es crítico abordar sobre las estrategias y acciones que han adoptado las personas para enfrentar situaciones estresantes durante la cuarentena obligatoria debido a la pandemia. Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados al afrontamiento psicológico frente a la COVID-19 en la población general. Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico. Se reclutaron los participantes a través de una encuesta en línea, durante el periodo de pandemia por la COVID-19. Se evaluó el nivel de afrontamiento pasivo y activo, utilizando la escala de afrontamiento frente a riesgos extremos. Adicionalmente, se utilizó la media de los puntajes de afrontamiento pasivo y activo, se evaluó la asociación con variables sociodemográficas, pertenencia a grupos, cumplimiento de aislamiento social y reporte de conocer alguien diagnosticado con la COVID-19. Se estimaron razones de prevalencia (RP) con el uso de modelos lineales generalizados. Resultados: De 463 participantes, la mayoría era peruano (67,4 por ciento), cumplía totalmente las medidas de aislamiento social (78,4 por ciento). La media de puntuación de afrontamiento activo y pasivo fue de 54,1 y 30,3, respectivamente. El 57,2 por ciento y 54 por ciento de los participantes presentó nivel de afrontamiento activo y pasivo superior a la media, respectivamente. Los factores asociados a alto nivel de afrontamiento activo fueron alto nivel educativo (RP = 1,23) y cumplir completamente las medidas de aislamiento social (RP = 1,35). Conclusión: Tener alto nivel educativo y el cumplimiento del aislamiento social estuvieron asociados positivamente a alto nivel de afrontamiento activo(AU)

Introduction: Although multiple clinical evidence is being generated about COVID-19, it is also critical to address the strategies and actions that people have adopted to face stressful situations during the mandatory quarantine due to the pandemic. Objective: To determine the factors associated with psychological coping to COVID-19 in the general population. Method: Analytical cross-sectional study. Participants were recruited through an online survey during the COVID-19 pandemic period. The level of passive and active coping was evaluated, using the coping scale against extreme risks. Additionally, using the mean of the passive and active coping scores, the association with sociodemographic variables, group membership, compliance with social isolation and the report of knowing someone diagnosed with COVID-19 was evaluated. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using generalized linear models. Results: Of 463 participants, the majority was Peruvian (67,4 percent), fully complying with social isolation measures (78,4 percent). The mean active and passive coping scores were 54,1 and 30,3, respectively. 57,2 percent and 54 percent of the participants presented a level of active and passive coping above the mean, respectively. The factors associated with a high level of active coping were a high educational level (RP = 1,23) and complete compliance with social isolation measures (RP = 1,35). Conclusion: Having a high educational level and compliance with social isolation were positively associated with a high level of active coping(AU)

Oxaliplatin analogues with carboxy derivatives of boldine with enhanced antioxidant activity.

A new oxaliplatin analog [Pt(dach)(L5)] (1) was synthesized and characterized as a continuation of a study of the previously reported [Pt(dach)(L6)] (2), where dach = (1R,2R)-diaminocyclohexane, L5 = 3-carboxyboldine, and L6 = 3-carboxypredicentrine. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited a substantially enhanced antioxidant activity compared to oxaliplatin (130 and 30 times for 1 and 13 and 4 times for 2 using the DPPH and FRAP assays, resp.). In addition, 1 and 2 exhibited cytotoxic activity in the same range as oxaliplatin toward the two human tumor cell lines (MCF-7 and HT-29) studied and two to four times lower activity in the human colon nontumor cell line (CCD-841). Preadministration of L5 or L6 to the colon tumor (HT-29) and the colon nontumor (CCD-841) cell lines prior to oxaliplatin addition increased the viability of the nontumor cell line to a greater extent than that of the tumor cell line.

[Larval growth and survival of Echinometra lucunter (Echinoidea: Echinometridae) fed with microalgae Chaetoceros gracilis and Isochrysis galbana]. / Crecimiento y supervivencia de larvas de Echinometra lucunter (Echinoidea: Echinometridae) alimentadas con las microalgas Chaetoceros gracilis e Isochrysis galbana.

Thirty sexually mature sea urchins (Echinometra lucunter; diameter 45.8 +/- 17.5 mm) were collected at Macanao, Margarita Island, Venezuela (11 degrees 48'29" N / 64 degrees 13'10" W). They were injected potassium chloride (50 M) directly into the celomic cavity. After two minutes 90% spawned (17 females and 10 males), the others never spawned. Fertilization was 87.0 +/- 12.6% (1:100 oocytes/sperm) at 29 +/- 2 degrees C. The fertile eggs were placed in three treatment gropsu with nine containers (18 liters; 2 eggs/ml) each, all with bottom aeration. Treatments were: Chaetoceros gracilis; Isochrysis galbana, and a mixture of both microalgae (respectively: 20 000 and 60,000 cell/ml for each microalgae, 1:1 for the mixture). Salinity, pH, temperature and larval survival were determinated daily. The study ended when the post-metamorphic phase was completed. The embryonic development time was 16.3 +/- 0.2 h until the prism stage at pH 8.4 +/- 0.1; 38 +/- 1 psu and 28 +/- 1.4 degrees C. The two-arms larval stage was reached at 24 h: 33 min, with a total length of 190 +/- 16.3 microm fed on C. gracilis, 152 +/- 19.0 microm with I. galbana and 182.4 +/- 14.1 microm with the mixture. The larvae next to metamorphosis reabsorbed the arms and had the characteristic shape of juvenile urchins at 12 days with 670.2 +/- 22.2 microm fed on C. gracilis, 665 +/- 12.1 microm fed on I. galbana and 670 +/- 14.1 microm fed on the mixture. The accumulated survival to the juvenile stage was 14.7 +/- 3.8% when fed on C. gracilis, higher than the other treatments (5.4 +/- 1.2; 14.0 +/- 2.6). E. lucunter is an excellent prospect to be commercially cultured because of its short embryonic (16 hours) and larval development time (12 days) and good survival rate when fed on monoculture (C. gracilis and I. galbana) or mixed diet (we recommend C. gracilis).