ABSTRACT
La enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es una condición neurodegenerativa caracterizada por alteraciones motoras que afectan principalmente el desarrollo de la marcha, produciéndose generalmente el fenómeno del congelamiento de la marcha con la posibilidad del riesgo de caída. Objetivo: Analizar los beneficios del entrenamiento de la marcha con la cinta rodante antigravitatoria en pacientes con EP. Materiales y métodos: Es un estudio pre-experimental con un solo grupo de intervención. Se llevó a cabo el entrenamiento de la marcha a través de una cinta rodante antigravitatoria (AlterG) durante un mes dividido en 2 sesiones por semana. Los parámetros de la marcha arrojados por el equipo AlterG fueron la descarga de peso, cadencia, tiempo de apoyo y longitud del paso; además se valoró el congelamiento de la marcha con el cuestionario (FOGQ) y el riesgo de caída con el test Timed Up and Go (TUG). Resultados: En los parámetros de la marcha y en el FOGQ se encontró diferencias significativas (p<0,05) entre los valores de pre y post intervención, exceptuando a la variable cadencia. El riesgo de caída disminuyó 4,6 y 4,3 segundos promedio en el test TUG en hombres y mujeres respectivamente. Conclusión: El entrenamiento de la marcha en la cinta rodante antigravitatoria mejora las condiciones de la marcha y reduce el riesgo de caídas en pacientes con EP.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by motor alterations that mainly affect the development of gait, generally producing the phenomenon of freezing of gait with the possibility of risk of falling. Objective: To analyze the benefits of gait training with the antigravity treadmill in patients with PD. Materials and methods: It is a pre-experimental study with a single intervention group. Gait training was carried out using an antigravity treadmill (AlterG) for one month divided into 2 sessions per week. The gait parameters returned by the AlterG team were weight unloading, cadence, support time and step length; Furthermore, freezing of gait was assessed with the questionnaire (FOGQ) and the risk of falling with the Timed Up and Go test (TUG). Results: In the gait parameters and in the FOGQ, significant differences (p<0.05) were found between the pre- and post-intervention values, except for the cadence variable. The risk of falling decreased by 4.6 and 4.3 seconds on average in the TUG test in men and women respectively. Conclusion: Antigravity treadmill gait training improves walking conditions and reduces the risk of falls in PD patients.
A doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma condição neurodegenerativa caracterizada por alterações motoras que afetam principalmente o desenvolvimento da marcha, geralmente produzindo o fenômeno de congelamento da marcha com possibilidade de risco de queda. Objetivo: Analisar os benefícios do treino de marcha com esteira antigravitacional em pacientes com DP. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo pré-experimental com um único grupo de intervenção. O treinamento de marcha foi realizado em esteira antigravitacional (AlterG) durante um mês dividido em 2 sessões semanais. Os parâmetros de marcha retornados pela equipe AlterG foram descarga de peso, cadência, tempo de apoio e comprimento do passo; Além disso, o congelamento da marcha foi avaliado com o questionário (FOGQ) e o risco de queda com o teste Timed Up and Go (TUG). Resultados: Nos parâmetros da marcha e no FOGQ foram encontradas diferenças significativas (p<0,05) entre os valores pré e pós-intervenção, exceto na variável cadência. O risco de queda diminuiu em média 4,6 e 4,3 segundos no teste TUG em homens e mulheres respectivamente. Conclusão: O treino de marcha em esteira antigravitacional melhora as condições de marcha e reduz o risco de quedas em pacientes com DP.
Subject(s)
Humans , Parkinson DiseaseABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Ascariasis is an endemic disease in developing countries. The parasite can invade the hepatobiliary tree and cause symptoms. Medical therapy can be ineffective in these patients and intervention techniques required. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review of patient charts between February 1992 and February 2007 in the Hospital Latinoamericano, Cuenca, Ecuador, was performed to identify patients having surgical or endoscopic treatment for hepatobiliary ascariasis. Patient demographics, treatment algorithms, and outcomes are described and analyzed. RESULTS: There were 13 cases of hepatobiliary infestation by ascaris treated through endoscopy or operation. All patients presented with colicky abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant. Hepatic and biliary ultrasonography identified parasites in 12 patients. In the other patient, a hepatic abscess containing ascaris was found incidentally during cholecystectomy. There were 11 patients with ascariasis in the common bile duct, 1 in whom the cystic duct was occluded, causing acute cholecystitis. In 12 patients, conservative management was attempted and was unsuccessful. Endoscopic extraction was successful in four of these patients. Six patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy, common bile duct exploration with parasite extraction, and T-tube placement. Parasite extraction through common bile duct exploration followed by primary closure was performed in one patient. Cholecystotomy and parasite extraction followed by cholecystectomy were performed in one patient. The final patient had cholecystectomy and parasite extraction from a liver abscess without earlier medical therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Ascariasis in the hepatobiliary system should be considered in the differential diagnosis of upper abdominal pain for patients in populations at risk. When an operation is indicated, it can be accomplished by endoscopic or laparoscopic approach.
