ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To determine the outcome, seasonal variation, and death pattern of snakebite cases admitted at the tertiary health care centre in the last 10 years. METHODS: This was a record-based retrospective descriptive study at the Dr Shankarrao Chavan Government Medical College and Hospital in Vazirabad, a tertiary health care centre in Maharashtra, India. RESULTS: Out of 5 639 admitted snakebite cases, 65.24% were male. The 16 - 45-year age group accounted for 84.7% of cases; 46% were referred from other health centres, mostly from rural areas; 55.2% occurred during July to September, which coincided with the rainy season in this region; 94.6% of the snakebite patients survived; and 5.4% died. Case fatality rates were higher for females (8.78%) and for bites by neurotoxic snakes (8.91%). CONCLUSIONS: Snakebite is a common life-threatening emergency in the study area. Ready availability and appropriate use of antivenom, early referral when required and close monitoring of patients in the hospital will help to reduce mortality from snakebites.
Subject(s)
Snake Bites/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Antivenins/therapeutic use , Emergencies , Female , Humans , India/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Monitoring, Physiologic , Prevalence , Prognosis , Snake Bites/mortalityABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between birth weight and the anthropometric measurements of newborn to screen for low birth weight. METHODS: 1,252 newborns have been enrolled in the study. The birth weight, mid-arm, head and chest circumferences were measured by standard techniques. RESULT: The highest correlation of birth weight was found with chest circumference (r = 0.70). The maximum sensitivity of detecting low birth weight was seen with chest circumference (94.26%). CONCLUSION: Measurement of chest circumference being simple, easy, cheap and reliable method for identification of low birth weight in the community.
Subject(s)
Birth Weight , Infant, Low Birth Weight/physiology , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Predictive Value of TestsABSTRACT
Missed opportunity for immunisation is one of the hurdles in the achievement of 85 percent or more immunisation coverage. It is essential to screen every child for immunisation status and advise necessary immunisation at every opportunity otherwise full immunisation coverage may not be possible. Present survey was carried out at Indira Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur to study the sociomedical correlates of missed opportunities for immunisation in children below 2 years of age attending the hospital. Missed opportunities for immunisation in these children was found to be 39.9%. It is mostly for B. C. G. (21.8%) and measles (9.8%) and maximum for booster doses of DPT and polio (43%).
Subject(s)
Child Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Immunization/statistics & numerical data , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data , Child Health Services/standards , Child, Preschool , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Services Research , Humans , Immunization/standards , India , Infant , Male , Mothers/education , Mothers/psychology , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/standards , Quality of Health Care , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
The inmates of this institute form a special group in the society which is a reflection of various social pressures and problems. These institutionalised female largely come from poor socioeconomic families and often from families with serious social problems like family disharmony (30%), marital disharmony (20%), poverty (10%), unwedmotherhood (8%), broken homes (51.1%) etc. 90% inmates had one or more morbid conditions. Average number of morbid conditions per inmate was 2.16 at the time of study. Institution which assumes the custody of these women should provide them with medical services towards the rehabilitation and discharge of a healthy, productive, well adjusted citizens. An effective health education programme comprising of nutrition education, sex education, personal hygiene, alcohol and drug abuse should be specifically drafted and should be undertaken for the inmates.
Subject(s)
Health Status , Institutionalization/statistics & numerical data , Prisons , Women's Health , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Data Collection , Female , Humans , India , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
1. In the present hospital based cross sectional study, 64.97% under five children in rural area were found to be 'at risk'. 2. The most common 'at risk' factor found in these under five children was weight below 70% of the reference (39.1%) followed by acute gastroenteritis and respiratory infections (19.3%), spacing of less than 2 years (13.2%) and working mothers where the child was being looked after by a substitute (12.2%). 3. More than one 'at risk' factors were found in 43 (21.8%) children. 4. Statistically significant association was found between 'at risk' children and illiteracy and poverty.
Subject(s)
Rural Population , Body Weight , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Gastroenteritis/epidemiology , Humans , India/epidemiology , Infant , Male , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
In the present study most of the subjects belonged to mild and moderate degree of mental handicap i.e. 30.8% and 44.9% respectively while severe degree of mental handicap was present in 22.7% subject. The factors responsible for mental handicap include prenatal factors (34.6%), perinatal factors (15.1%) and post natal factors (37.9%). In 12.4% cases etiology was not known. The associated behaviour problems were observed in 33% of the study subjects while other morbid conditions were present in 47% of the study subjects.
