ABSTRACT
Age-specific serum PSA reference ranges have recently been proposed to be more sensitive in young and more specific in elder patients. However, some conflicting results have been reported from different centers. In order to establish age-specific PSA reference ranges for our country, we measured the serum PSA levels of 400 healthy men over 40, between February 1995 and June 1996. Our study population consisted of men who had either PSA values lower than 4.0 ng/ml and normal digital rectal examination or negative prostatic biopsies taken for any reason. IMX assay was used for PSA determination in all patients. Mean PSA values and standard deviations for each age group were: 1.7+/-1.1 ng/ml for 40-49 years (n = 28), 2.0+/-1.2 ng/ml for 50-59 years (n = 110), 2.9+/-1.7 ng/ml for 60-69 years (n = 158) and 3.5+/-2.0 ng/ml for 70-79 years (n = 104). We conclude that further studies of larger series will lead us to standardize age-specific reference ranges in our country and, accordingly, we will be able to select the candidates for prostate biopsy more adequately.
Subject(s)
Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood , Prostate-Specific Antigen/standards , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Reference ValuesABSTRACT
Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the female urethra is extremely rare. To our knowledge only 10 cases have been reported to date. We present the 11th case in the literature.
Subject(s)
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/diagnosis , Urethra , Urologic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Aged , Fatal Outcome , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Leukocyte Common Antigens/metabolism , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/metabolism , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology , Urologic Neoplasms/metabolism , Urologic Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
Spontaneous bladder perforation associated with bladder tumour is extremely rare. Such patients generally present with the clinical symptoms of an acute abdomen, and in these settings the mortality rate is very high.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/pathology , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology , Urinary Bladder/pathology , Aged , Biopsy , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/complications , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/surgery , Cystectomy , Fatal Outcome , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Rupture, Spontaneous , Urinary Bladder/surgery , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/complications , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgeryABSTRACT
To date, only 10 cases of distal penile gangrene in patients with chronic renal failure have been reported. This rare condition is believed to result from progressive vascular calcification due to secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic renal failure. We report an additional case of distal penile gangrene in a 41-year-old man who presented with chronic renal disease and pulmonary tuberculosis. Since some authors have emphasized that aggressive surgical treatment in such cases has a significant mortality rate, we took a more conservative approach to treatment.
