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1.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull ; 45(5): 794-807, 2019 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30264653

ABSTRACT

Despite evidence that variation exists between individuals in high-stakes truth and deception detection accuracy rates, little work has investigated what differences in individuals' cognitive and emotional abilities contribute to this variation. Our study addressed this question by examining the role played by cognitive and affective theory of mind (ToM), emotional intelligence (EI), and various aspects of attention (alerting, orienting, executive control) in explaining variation in accuracy rates among 115 individuals (87 women; mean age = 27.04 years [ SD = 11.32]) who responded to video clips of truth-tellers and liars in real-world, high-stakes contexts. Faster attentional alerting supported truth detection, and better cognitive ToM and perception of emotion (an aspect of EI) supported deception detection. This evidence indicates that truth and deception detection are distinct constructs supported by different abilities. Future research may address whether interventions targeting these cognitive and emotional traits can also contribute to improving detection skill.


Subject(s)
Attention , Deception , Emotional Intelligence , Social Perception , Theory of Mind , Adolescent , Adult , Cognition , Emotions , Executive Function , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult
2.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) ; 71(8): 1807-1816, 2018 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28856966

ABSTRACT

Repetition priming increases the accuracy and speed of responses to repeatedly processed stimuli. Repetition priming can result from two complementary sources: rapid response learning and facilitation within perceptual and conceptual networks. In conceptual classification tasks, rapid response learning dominates priming of object recognition, but it does not dominate priming of person recognition. This suggests that the relative engagement of network facilitation and rapid response learning depends on the stimulus domain. Here, we addressed the importance of the stimulus domain for rapid response learning by investigating priming in another domain, brands. In three experiments, participants performed conceptual decisions for brand logos. Strong priming was present, but it was not dominated by rapid response learning. These findings add further support to the importance of the stimulus domain for the relative importance of network facilitation and rapid response learning, and they indicate that brand priming is more similar to person recognition priming than object recognition priming, perhaps because priming of both brands and persons requires individuation.


Subject(s)
Learning/physiology , Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology , Recognition, Psychology/physiology , Repetition Priming/physiology , Adolescent , Adult , Analysis of Variance , Color Perception , Female , Humans , Male , Photic Stimulation , Reaction Time/physiology , Young Adult
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