ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the Meibomian glands and presence of dry eye in patients with unilateral pseudoexfoliation. METHODS: The study included 32 patients with clinical pseudoexfoliation (PEX) in one eye and 30 controls. Schirmer and tear film break-up time (TBUT) tests were performed, along with a detailed ophthalmological examination, meibography and evaluation of areas of meibomian gland loss. Subjective symptoms were evaluated using the ocular surface disease index (OSDI). RESULTS: Schirmer test results for eyes with or without PEX were similar (10.438±4.47mm and 11.563±4.35mm, respectively), vs. 15.967±9.75mm in the control group. While measurements of TBUT were found to be similar in both eyes of the patient group (6.188±2.66s in eyes with PEX and 6.250±1.87s in eyes without PEX), this was 8.233±2.66s in the control group. Schirmer and TBUT test results were found to be significantly lower in both eyes of patients with unilateral pseudoexfoliation compared to control eyes. The rate of meibomian gland loss in the upper and lower eyelids in the patient group was found to be significantly higher than in the control group. Similarly, meiboscores of both eyelids in the control group were significantly lower than those in patient group; however, there were no differences between patient eyes with or without pseudoexfoliation. CONCLUSION: The patients with unilateral pseudoexfoliation had a significant loss of meibomian gland area in both eyes compared to the control group, and their meiboscore was higher. It should be considered that meibomian gland loss may be one of the causes of dry eye in patients with pseudoexfoliation.
Subject(s)
Dry Eye Syndromes , Meibomian Glands , Dry Eye Syndromes/diagnosis , Dry Eye Syndromes/epidemiology , Dry Eye Syndromes/etiology , Humans , Meibomian Glands/diagnostic imaging , Physical Examination , TearsSubject(s)
Ductus Arteriosus/diagnostic imaging , Ductus Arteriosus/pathology , Adult , Echocardiography , Female , Humans , Hydrops Fetalis/diagnostic imaging , Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/diagnostic imaging , Pregnancy , Remission, Spontaneous , Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Young AdultSubject(s)
Cerebral Palsy/complications , Cerebral Palsy/diagnosis , Corneal Diseases/complications , Corneal Diseases/diagnosis , Eye Diseases, Hereditary/complications , Eye Diseases, Hereditary/diagnosis , Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/complications , Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/diagnosis , Intellectual Disability/complications , Intellectual Disability/diagnosis , Megalencephaly/complications , Megalencephaly/diagnosis , Diagnostic Errors , Female , Humans , Infant , Muscle Hypotonia/complications , Muscle Hypotonia/diagnosisABSTRACT
Isolated ACL reconstructions were performed in 138 patients between 1994 and 1998. Patellar bone-patellar tendon-bone, and hamstring tendon autografts were used in 88 patients, and allografts were used in 50 patients. Eighty-eight knees of 88 patients with autograft reconstructions (17 female, 71 male) were included in this study and evaluation of the patients with allograft reconstruction reported separately. The mean age at the time of the operation was 32 years. All ACL reconstructions were performed arthroscopically. Twenty-seven bone-patellar tendon-bone, and 61 hamstring tendon autografts were used. The mean follow-up was 29 months. In the postoperative course the Lachman test was negative in 62 patients, 1+ in 22 patients, and 2+ in 4 patients. In 17 patients, anterior drawer sign were 1+ in comparison to the contralateral side. Pivot shift test was moderately positive only in 5 cases in the bone-patellar tendon-bone and hamstring tendon autograft groups postoperatively. There were 3 patients with subjective "giving way" symptoms. Second look arthroscopy revealed rupture of the neo-ligament. Arthroscopic washout and debridement were performed, and no revision ligamentoplasties were performed. Two of these patients improved with accelerated proprioceptive physical therapy, and one had to decrease his previous level of activity. There were no cases of arthrofibrosis, infection, or extension lag. Clinical results of patellar bone-tendon-bone and hamstring groups did not show any significant clinical difference. Avoiding the disturbance of the extensor mechanism of the knee is probably the most significant advantage of the hamstring autograft.
Subject(s)
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries , Anterior Cruciate Ligament/surgery , Arthroscopy/methods , Knee Joint/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Tendons/transplantation , Adult , Female , Humans , Joint Instability , Knee Joint/pathology , Male , Muscle, Skeletal , Patella/surgery , Physical Therapy Modalities , Range of Motion, Articular , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Radiolabelled somatostatin analogues are of potential value in the imaging of somatostatin receptor-positive tumours. Recently, somatostatin receptors have been demonstrated in the osteoblast precursor cells. In this preliminary study, we evaluated the uptake characteristics of indium-111 octreotide in two benign and two malignant bone tumours. Tracer accumulation was observed in all four cases, and overall lesion to background ratio (mean+/-SD) was 2. 74+/-0.84 and 2.98+/-1.49 at 4 h and 24 h, respectively. There was no clear relationship between 111In-octreotide accumulation and the benign or malignant nature of the tumour. In one patient, tracer uptake was inhibited by unlabelled octreotide administration. These results suggest that 111In-octreotide can be taken up by benign and malignant bone tumours. The inhibition of tumour uptake by treatment with cold octreotide supports the concept that specific uptake mechanisms are responsible for 111In-octreotide deposition by bone tumours.