The pattern of herbal medicines use for breastfeeding mother in Jogonalan, Klaten, Indonesia: a mini survey.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Indonesian society extensively uses herbal medicine due to its abundant natural resources that have been utilized for generations for health purposes. Herbal medicine is also employed by specific community groups, such as breastfeeding mothers, to address issues like low milk production. However, there has yet to be much research conducted on its usage patterns in the Jogonalan District, Klaten Regency, Indonesia. It is crucial to understand this aspect to gain an overview of herbal medicine utilization in the community, thus preserving local's healthy traditional culture and traditions and continuing their development. This study aims to describe the pattern of herbal medicine usage among breastfeeding mothers in the Jogonalan District, Klaten Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. METHODS: The quantitative descriptive study conducted as a mini survey to breastfeeding mothers who used herbs, visited minimal three (3) times in integrated service posts for babies/toddlers in the Jogonalan sub-district and agree to overcome the research. Calculating the frequency distribution was used to analyze the study's findings. The advantages and disadvantages of these results are evaluated in relation to the findings of earlier investigations. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The respondents were dominated housewives (84.4%), aged 20-35 years (71.1%), had secondary education (60.0%), and multiparous (66.7%). The daily use of uyub-uyub as a breast milk enhancer dominates the pattern of herbal medicine use. Papaya leaves, turmeric, and aromatic ginger are further herbal remedies. Nursing mothers' health and fitness and breastfed children's health is other advantages. The only adverse effects reported by three respondents (6.7%) were nausea and dizziness. Breastfeeding mothers can safely utilize evidence-based herbal medicines by increasing their knowledge, consulting with health professionals, and using them under supervision to preserve their use.

Associations among disability, depression, anxiety, stress, and quality of life between stroke survivors and their family caregivers: An Actor-Partner Interdependence Model.

AIM: To explore the effects of disability, depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms on patients' and their partners' quality of life (QoL) using the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM). DESIGN: A cross-sectional study using actor-partner interdependence model. METHODS: We recruited 183 dyads of stroke survivors and their family caregivers in Indonesia. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment (WHODAS 2.0), Depression, Anxiety and Stress (DASS-42) and Rand Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used to measure disability, depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms and QoL of stroke survivors and family caregivers. The actor-partner interdependence model was tested using multilevel modelling. The actor-partner interdependence mediation model (APIMeM) was applied to estimate the direct and indirect effect. RESULTS: Disability had actor effects on stroke survivor's overall QoL and partner effect on family caregiver's overall QoL. More severe disability of stroke survivors was associated with a lower overall QoL of their own and that of family caregiver's overall QoL. Depressive symptoms of stroke survivors had actor effects on stroke survivors' overall QoL and partner effects on family caregivers' overall QoL. Actor and partner effects also exist on family caregiver's depression symptoms to their own overall QoL and stroke survivor's overall QoL. Moreover, higher anxiety symptoms were associated with lower levels of their own and partner's overall QoL in both stroke survivors and family caregivers. Stroke survivor's stress symptoms also negatively associated with their own and family caregiver's overall QoL. However, a family caregiver's stress without a partner effects on stroke survivor's overall QoL. The APIMeM analysis showed that disability of stroke survivors directly decreased their own overall, physical (PCS) and mental QoL (MCS). Also, disability mediated by stroke survivor's depression, anxiety and stress symptoms decreased both stroke survivor's and family caregiver's physical (PCS) and mental QoL (MCS). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that stroke survivors and family caregivers may influence each other during the caregiving process and social life. The disability of stroke survivors, and the depression, anxiety and stress symptoms of stroke survivors and family caregivers affect their own QoL and their partners' QoL. Disability of stroke survivors directly decreased their own overall, physical (PCS) and mental QoL (MCS). Also, it indirectly via stroke survivor's depression, anxiety and stress symptoms decreased both stroke survivor's and family caregiver's physical (PCS) and mental QoL (MCS). IMPACT: Dyadic actor-partner interdependence models have shown promising potential to predict the QoL among patients and family caregivers. The dyadic effects of disability, depression, anxiety and stress symptoms on the QoL of stroke survivors and family caregivers can be applied to guide the future development of nursing intervention addressed decreasing depression, anxiety and stress symptoms to optimize health outcomes among stroke survivors and their family caregivers.

Tranexamic acid in the management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding: an evidence-based case report.

AIM: to review the effectiveness of tranexamic acid therapy which has been proposed to reduce bleeding and in turn lower mortality rate. METHODS: following literature searching based on our clinical question on Cochrane Library, PubMed, Clinical Key, EBSCO, Science Direct and Proquest, one systematic review that includes seven randomized controlled trials is obtained. The article meets validity and relevance criteria. RESULTS: the systematic review found that there is no any clear evidence between intervention and control groups in term of mortality. CONCLUSION: the use of tranexamic acid to reduce mortality in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding is not recommended.