ABSTRACT
Euwallacea fornicatus is an invasive tree pest able to infest healthy plants and cause damage to many host plants. This beetle has become established in several countries where it was introduced. It has now become established in Brazil, and while the original introduction site remains uncertain, there is a possibility of multiple introductions. We report the first evidence for the establishment of E. fornicatus with molecular confirmation, as well as its distribution, and host plants in Brazil. Euwallacea fornicatus has spread to main commercial avocado groves, other monocultures, and native vegetation in the country, and its pest status puts it as a threat, mainly to Brazilian avocado producers.
Subject(s)
Animal Distribution , Introduced Species , Persea , Weevils , Animals , Weevils/physiology , BrazilABSTRACT
Chaetophloeus flourensiae new species, is described from the Chihuahuan Desert from Arizona and western Texas and Hylocurus incognitus new species is described from Texas, Oklahoma and Louisiana. New synonymies include: Chramesus mimosae Blackman, 1938 (= Chramesus varius Wood, 1969); Hylocurus rudis (LeConte, 1876) (= Hylocurus binodatus Wood, 1974; Hypothenemus seriatus (Eichhoff, 1872) (= Stephanoderes multidentatus Hopkins, 1915, Stephanoderes nitidifrons Hopkins, 1915, Hypothenemus hopkinsi Browne, 1963); Hypothenemus pubescens Hopkins, 1915 (= Hypothenemus sparsus Hopkins, 1915, Hypothenenus similis Hopkins, 1915, Stephanoderes tridentatus Hopkins, 1915); Phloeotribus scabricollis Hopkins, 1916 (=Phloeotribus pseudoscabricollis Atkinson, 1989; Pseudothysanoes yuccae (Wood, 1956), (=Pseudothysanoes yuccavorus Wood, 1971); and Thysanoes texanus Blackman, 1943 (=Thysanoes mexicanus Wood, 1956). Hylocurus schwarzi Blackman, 1928, is redescribed including the first description of the female. New locality and host records that significantly extend the respective ranges are included for 30 species from the border region of the United States and Mexico.
Subject(s)
Coleoptera , Weevils , Female , United States , Animals , Mexico , Ambrosia , Plant Bark , Southwestern United StatesABSTRACT
One new species of Neotropical Premnobius Eichhoff is described: P. brownei Atkinson & Flechtmann from Brazil. The presence of the related genus Premnophilus Browne is confirmed from South America and six new species are described: P. bertii Atkinson & Flechtmann from Brazil, P. jordali Petrov from Peru, P. maiai Atkinson & Flechtmann from Brazil, P. pedrosai Atkinson & Flechtmann from Brazil, P. sarahsmithae Atkinson & Flechtmann from Brazil and Trinidad and Tobago, and P. wilsoni Atkinson & Flechtmann from Brazil. French Guiana, and Peru. Gnathotrupes megapunctatus Bright, 2019 is recognized as a synonym of Premnobius perezdelacruceii Petrov & Atkinson, 2018. A synopsis of previously described Premnobius species and keys to species in both genera are presented. Generic characters for the three genera of Neotropical Ipini are discussed.
Subject(s)
Coleoptera , Weevils , AnimalsABSTRACT
A checklist of Scolytinae species is presented to contribute to the knowledge of the biodiversity of the subfamily in Tucumn province, Argentina. The inventory was based on collections in the field from 2016 to 2023, and a review of the material deposited in the entomological collections of the Museo de La Plata, the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia, and the Fundacin Miguel Lillo. Previous bibliographic records were also included. In total, 54 species belonging to 11 tribes were recorded, of which six were new reports for Argentina and nine for Tucumn province; eight species were introduced. The genus Amasa was also recorded in Argentina for the first time.
Subject(s)
Coleoptera , Weevils , Animals , Argentina , BiodiversityABSTRACT
We describe three new species of Myoplatypus Wood, 1993: from Peru, Myoplatypus petrovi Kirkendall new species; from Honduras, M. quadricornis Kirkendall new species; from Nicaragua (M. nicaraguensis Kirkendall new species). We transfer Platypus biprorus Blandford, 1896 and Platypus sicarius Wood, 1971 into Myoplatypus, and we synonymize Platypus querceus Wood, 1971 with M. biprorus. The net result of these actions is a genus comprising nine tropical and one temperate American species. Males of all species are illustrated by photographs and a key to all species is provided. The collections reported here include the first South American records of Myoplatypus, a genus hitherto known only from North and Central America. Most Myoplatypus species are known from just one or a few collections and none of the tropical species are very widespread; only five tropical species have any known hosts (Quercus [Fagaceae] for three of them). The paucity of specimens could be because of peculiarities of biology that lead to them being under-collected (such as restriction to high elevations), but it also could be that they are narrow endemics, in which case these pinhole borer species deserve conservation attention. Nosotros describimos tres nuevas especies de Myoplatypus Wood, 1993: de Per, Myoplatypus petrovi Kirkendall espcie nueva; de Honduras, M. quadricornis Kirkendall espcie nueva; de Nicaragua, M. nicaraguensis Kirkendall espcie nueva. Platypus biprorus Blandford, 1896 y Platypus sicarius Wood, 1971 se transfieren a Myoplatypus, y Platypus querceus Wood, 1971 se sinonimiza con M. biprorus Blandford. El resultado neto de estas acciones es un gnero que consiste en nueve espcies tropicales y una templada. Los machos de todas las especies estn ilustrados con fotografas y se da una clave para todas las especies. Las colecciones reportadas aqu incluyen los primeros registros sudamericanos de Myoplatypus, un gnero hasta ahora conocido solo en Amrica del Norte y Amrica Central. La mayora de las especies de Myoplatypus se conocen a partir de solo una o unas pocas colecciones y ninguna de las especies tropicales est muy extendida; slo cinco especies tropicales tienen hospedadores conocidos (tres de ellos son robles). La escasez de especmenes podra deberse a algunas peculiaridades de la biologa que los llevan a una recoleccin insuficiente (como la restriccin a grandes alturas), pero tambin podra ser que sean endmicos estrechos, en cuyo caso estas especies de barrenadores merecen atencin de conservacin.
Subject(s)
Animals, Poisonous , Coleoptera , Platypus , Spiders , Weevils , Male , Animals , South AmericaABSTRACT
Three new species of the genus Chaetophloeus LeConte are described from Central Mexico: Chaetophloeus psittacanthi Burgos and Atkinson, sp. nov., C. woodi Burgos and Atkinson, sp. nov., and C. zapotecanus Burgos and Atkinson, sp. nov. A new sexually dimorphic character, the fifth abdominal ventrite, is discussed. Chaetophloeus heterodoxus (Casey) is reported from Mexico for the first time. There are now 17 species of this genus known from Mexico. Significant new distribution and host records for eight species other than the new ones are included.
Subject(s)
Coleoptera , Weevils , Animal Distribution , Animals , MexicoABSTRACT
Two new species of ambrosia beetles in the Xyleborini from southeastern Mexico are described and illustrated: Ambrosiodmus spinosus n. sp. and Dryocoeetoides tuberculatus n. sp.
Subject(s)
Coleoptera , Weevils , Ambrosia , Animals , MexicoABSTRACT
Light-based stimuli elicited acoustic responses in male Hylesinus aculeatus Say (Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Hylesinina) instantaneously, with 100% reliability. Stridulations were elicited with a white light beam in a dark environment and recorded with an ultrasonic microphone. Acoustic responses were consistent, and, when compared with sounds produced under stressful conditions (i.e. physical stimulation), no significant differences were found. Hylesinus aculeatus possess an elytro-tergal stridulatory organ and acoustic communication is only present in males. This is also the first report of acoustic communication for this species. Instantaneous light-elicited acoustic communication has potential applications in the development of electronic traps and real-time acoustic detection and identification of beetles, border biosecurity, and noise-reduction in acoustic data collection.
Subject(s)
Light , Vocalization, Animal/physiology , Weevils/physiology , Animals , MaleABSTRACT
Coptoborus silviasalasi Atkinson, new species is described from Oaxaca, Mexico. New synonyms include: Dryocoetoides capucinus Eichhoff, 1869 (=monachus Blandford, 1898) and Taurodemus sharpi Blandford, 1898 (= sharpi lenis Wood, 1974). Significant new distribution records are given for Xyleborini from Mexico and Central America.
Subject(s)
Weevils , Animals , Central America , Mexico , United StatesABSTRACT
Scolytinae species are recognized as one of the most important tree mortality agents in coniferous forests worldwide, and many are known invaders because they are easily transported in wood products. Nonnative trees planted in novel habitats often exhibit exceptional growth, in part because they escape herbivore (such as Scolytinae) pressure from their native range. Increasing accidental introductions of forest pest species as a consequence of international trade, however, is expected to diminish enemy release of nonnative forest trees. In this context, there is need to characterize patterns of forest herbivore species invasion risks at global scales. In this study, we analyze the establishment potential of 64 North American Scolytinae species in the Southern Hemisphere. We use climate-based ecological niche models (MaxEnt) to spatially define the potential distribution of these Scolytinae species in regions of the Southern Hemisphere were pines are planted. Our model predicts that all of the pine-growing regions of the Southern Hemisphere are capable of supporting some species of North American Scolytinae, but there are certain "hotspot" regions, southeastern Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Peru and southwestern Australia, that appear to be suitable for a particularly large number of species. The species with the highest predicted risk of establishment were Dendroctonus valens, Xyleborus intrusus, Hylastes tenuis, Ips grandicollis, Gnathotrichus sulcatus, and Ips calligraphus. Given that global commerce is anticipated to continue to increase, we can expect that more Scolytinae species will continue to establish outside their range. Our results provide information useful for identifying a global list of potential invasive species in pine plantations, and may assist in the design of comprehensive strategies aimed at reducing pest establishment in Southern Hemisphere forest plantations.
Subject(s)
Animal Distribution , Biodiversity , Forestry , Introduced Species , Weevils/physiology , Animals , Australia , Models, Biological , Pinus , South America , United StatesABSTRACT
Two new Hypothenemus species found in southern and southeastern USA are described: Hypothenemus piaparolinae sp. n. and Hypothenemus subterrestris sp. n. The distribution and habits suggest these species are native and widely distributed, but elusive, and not recently arrived exotics. Both appear to have unusual biology: H. subterrestris appears to live in material on or in the ground, and H. piaparolinae has only been collected from the xylem of extensively rotten, fungus-filled twigs.
Subject(s)
Weevils/classification , Animals , Female , Male , Southeastern United States , Weevils/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
A new species in the genus Cactopinus Schwarz is described from central Mexico bringing the total of known species to 22.
Subject(s)
Weevils/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Body Size , Female , Male , Mexico , Organ Size , Weevils/anatomy & histology , Weevils/growth & developmentABSTRACT
Xyleborus bispinatus Eichhoff is reported from Florida for the first time. It was previously unrecognized and not distinguished from Xyleborusferrugineus (F.). There is no reason to believe at this point that it represents an introduction. Rather it is one of a group of widely distributed Neotropical species that are also found in southern Florida. Characters are discussed to allow it to be distinguished from X. ferrugineus and X. impressus Eichhoff.
