ABSTRACT
Non-pulmonary metastases in osteosarcoma are increasingly recognized because of improved longevity in patients receiving modern treatment. One rare site of metastasis is the orbit, with only three cases reported so far. This report describes a 16-year-old male patient, who underwent above-knee amputation for right tibial osteosarcoma and later presented with a painful protrusion of the right eyeball and near-normal vision. The uncommon features in the present case are the site of metastasis and near-normal vision.
Subject(s)
Bone Neoplasms/pathology , Orbital Neoplasms/secondary , Osteosarcoma/secondary , Tibia , Adolescent , Humans , Male , Orbital Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Osteosarcoma/diagnostic imaging , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: As most of the studies in HIV patients with diarrhea were cross sectional, focusing on the etiological agents, we are reporting data on the rate of diarrhea, associations between diarrhea and CD4 counts and variation in frequency of identifying a pathogen with consistency of diarrhea and duration in a prospective hospital based study. METHODS: Stool specimens were obtained between Jan 2001 and April 2003 from HIV infected adults with diarrhea presenting to Infectious Disease clinic, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. In all patients with diarrhea, specimens were examined by microscopy and cultures to identify pathogens. RESULTS: During the study, 630 person years of observations with diarrhea were analyzed. 140 stool samples were collected representing 43% of episodes of reported diarrhea. Positivity of finding a pathogen from watery stools and formed stools were 40%&24% respectively (p < 0.01) probably due to associated inflammation is more in watery diarrhea. Patients having chronic diarrhea are 2.25 (95%CI 1.52-2.81) times at more risk of developing other opportunistic infections compared to those who don't have. However this is not true with the acute diarrhea where risk of harboring the opportunistic infections remain same. CONCLUSION: Diarrhea was most strongly associated with low CD4 counts. Over two-thirds of diarrheal episodes were undiagnosed, suggesting that unidentified agents or primary HIV enteropathy are important causes of diarrhea in this population. There is a strong negative association between duration of diarrhea and CD4 levels.
Subject(s)
Diarrhea/etiology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/etiology , HIV Infections/complications , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/microbiology , Adult , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Cohort Studies , DNA-Binding Proteins , Female , Gastrointestinal Diseases/microbiology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/parasitology , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Hospitals , Humans , India/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Odds Ratio , Socioeconomic Factors , Viral ProteinsABSTRACT
Objective of the study is the retrospective evaluation of clinico-hematological and cytogenetic profile of patients with erythroleukemia (EL) in a south Indian population. Case records of all patients with acute myeloid leukemia seen in the Department of Medical Oncology at Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, between January 1997 and December 2004 were reviewed. Clinical details were noted and slides were reviewed. A total of 326 AML patient were diagnosed of whom 14 patients had AML M6. Contribution of EL to all forms of AML was 4.3%. The mean age was 37.1+13.9 yrs (range: 16-65); most patients were in their 4th decade, with a male: female ratio of 3.67: 1. Mean duration of symptoms in the present series was 10.9+6.9 weeks. Cytogenetics were normal in 71% of cases, and minor abnormalities were observed in 21% of cases. As a conclusion relative low incidence of secondary EL, more frequent normal karyotype, and relatively younger age observed in our series makes the picture of EL in our subcontinent different from that in other series reported thus far.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a neoplasm of unknown etiology occurring at various sites. By definition, it is composed of spindle cells (myofibroblasts) with variable inflammatory component, hence the name is IMT. CASE PRESENTATION: The present case is of a 46 years old woman presented with a history of flank pain, abdominal mass and intermittent hematuria for last 6 months. The initial diagnosis was kept as renal cell carcinoma. Finally, it turned out to be a case of retroperitoneal IMT. The patient was managed by complete surgical resection of the tumor. CONCLUSION: IMT is a rare neoplasm of uncertain biological potential. Complete surgical resection remains the mainstay of the treatment.
