ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to determine whether regular exercise training (ET) is effective at promoting the mobilization of CPCs and improving their functional activity in patients with recently acquired myocardial infarction (STEMI). Regular physical training has been shown to improve myocardial perfusion and cardiovascular function. This may be related in part to a mobilization of bone marrow-derived circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) as well as an enhanced vascularisation. METHODS: 37 patients with STEMI were randomly assigned to an ET group or a non-ET group (controls). Two weeks after STEMI, three weeks after regular ET and three months after ET, BNP levels, exercise echocardiography and exercise spiroergometry were evaluated. The number of CD34+/CD45+ and CD133+/CD45+ CPCs was measured by flow cytometry analysis. The migration capacity of the CPCs was determined with a boyden chamber and the clonogenic capacity by CFU-assay. RESULTS: In the ET-group the number and migration capacity of CPCs increased significantly after regular exercise training. The BNP level decreased significantly from 121 +/- 94 to 75 +/- 47 pg/ml (p<0.001) after the ET period, the left ventricular ejection fraction raised in parallel at peak exercise, and the cardiorespiratory condition improved as demonstrated by an increase of VO2max (from 1641 +/- 522 to 1842 +/- 724 ml/min, p<0.02). These three effects persist till three months after the ET period. CONCLUSIONS: Regular physical activity appears to predispose the mobilization and enhanced functional activity of CPCs, a phenomenon which might lead to an improved cardiac function in patients with recently acquired acute myocardial infarction.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism , Exercise Therapy/methods , Exercise/physiology , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization/methods , Myocardial Infarction/rehabilitation , AC133 Antigen , Aged , Antigens, CD/blood , Antigens, CD34/blood , Bone Marrow Cells/cytology , Cell Movement/physiology , Combined Modality Therapy , Echocardiography, Stress , Female , Flow Cytometry , Glycoproteins/blood , Hematopoietic Stem Cells , Humans , Leukocyte Common Antigens/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Infarction/blood , Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology , Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/blood , Peptides/blood , Prospective Studies , SpirometryABSTRACT
The development, longevity and reproduction of Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) and Telenomus podisi Ashmead were investigated under natural conditions during autumn and winter from 1999 to 2001, in Southern Paraná State, Brazil, in order to understand how these parasitoids overwinter in subtropical regions. Adults of T. basalis e T. podisi emerged during autumn and winter from eggs parasitized between April and June. Adult longevity in natural conditions was higher than eight and seven months, for T. basalis and T. podisi respectively, showing that both species overwinter in the adult stage. Percentage survival of T. basalis and T. podisi females during autumn and winter was higher than 85% and mortality increased significantly in spring. Females maintained for six months in natural conditions parasitized E. heros eggs after transference to 25 degrees C, and the presence of females in the offspring showed that mating occurred during autumn and winter. Temperature during immature development influenced significantly the adult performance, regulating the longevity and reproductive capacity after dormancy. Female parasitoids that developed in higher temperatures lived longer and parasitized more host eggs after transference to 25 degrees C than females that developed under colder conditions.
Subject(s)
Hymenoptera/physiology , Longevity , Seasons , Animals , Brazil , Female , Hymenoptera/growth & development , Male , ReproductionABSTRACT
Investigou-se o desenvolvimento, a longevidade e a reprodução de Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) e Telenomus podisi Ashmead mantidos em condições naturais durante a entressafra da soja de 1999 a 2001 no sul do Paraná, a fim de se conhecer como esses parasitóides sobrevivem durante o outono e inverno em regiões subtropicais. Adultos de T. basalis e T. podisi emergiram durante o outono e inverno de ovos parasitados a 18°C entre abril e junho. A longevidade dos adultos em condições naturais foi superior a oito e sete meses, para T. basalis e T. podisi respectivamente, demonstrando que os parasitóides hibernam no estágio adulto. O índice de sobrevivência das fêmeas até o final do inverno foi superior a 85 por cento e a mortalidade acentuou-se significativamente após o início da primavera. Fêmeas dos parasitóides mantidas por até seis meses em condições naturais parasitaram ovos de E. heros após sua transferência para 25°C e a progênie constou de machos e fêmeas, demonstrando a ocorrência da cópula durante o outono e o inverno. A temperatura durante o desenvolvimento dos estágios imaturos afetou significativamente o potencial dos adultos hibernantes, regulando sua longevidade e capacidade reprodutiva após a dormência. Parasitóides desenvolvidos em temperaturas mais elevadas (início do outono) foram mais bem sucedidos no processo de hibernação, apresentando maior longevidade e parasitando mais ovos hospedeiros após a sua transferência para 25°C, em relação a fêmeas que nas fases imaturas passaram por temperaturas mais baixas (final do outono).
The development, longevity and reproduction of Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) and Telenomus podisi Ashmead were investigated under natural conditions during autumn and winter from 1999 to 2001, in Southern Paraná State, Brazil, in order to understand how these parasitoids overwinter in subtropical regions. Adults of T. basalis e T. podisi emerged during autumn and winter from eggs parasitized between April and June. Adult longevity in natural conditions was higher than eight and seven months, for T. basalis and T. podisi respectively, showing that both species overwinter in the adult stage. Percentage survival of T. basalis and T. podisi females during autumn and winter was higher than 85 percent and mortality increased significantly in spring. Females maintained for six months in natural conditions parasitized E. heros eggs after transference to 25°C, and the presence of females in the offspring showed that mating occurred during autumn and winter. Temperature during immature development influenced significantly the adult performance, regulating the longevity and reproductive capacity after dormancy. Female parasitoids that developed in higher temperatures lived longer and parasitized more host eggs after transference to 25°C than females that developed under colder conditions.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Hymenoptera/physiology , Longevity , Seasons , Brazil , Hymenoptera/growth & development , ReproductionABSTRACT
The larval endoparasitoid Microplitis mediator Haliday is described for the first time in the Neotropical Region, parasitizing the wheat armyworm Mythimna (Pseudaletia) sequax Franclemont. Females successfully parasitized the four first instars of the host, with a significant preference for the second and third, in relation to either the first or fourth instars. No parasitoids emerged from caterpillars parasitized in the fifth and sixth instars. Development of M. mediator was determined at four constant temperatures between 15°C and 30°C. The duration of the egg-larval stages varied from 32.3 days at 15°C to 8.0 days at 30°C. The pupal stage lasted 24.3 and 5.1 days at 15°C and 30°C, respectively. Development of the parasitoid from oviposition to adult emergence required the total of 251.3 degree-days (DD) above the threshold of 10.3ºC. At 20°C, longevity of females was significantly shorter when kept in oviposition activity (16.8 ± 1.81 days) in comparison to females kept without hosts (29.7 ± 1.83 days). Parasitoid females remained reproductively active until one day before death, and parasitized an average of 60.6 ± 8.40 second instar hosts during their adult life, with an average of 3.9 parasitized caterpillars/day.
O endoparasitóide larval Microplitis mediator Haliday é descrito pela primeira vez na Região Neotropical, parasitando a lagarta do trigo Mythimna (Pseudaletia) sequax Franclemont. Fêmeas parasitaram com sucesso hospedeiros do primeiro ao quarto instar, com preferência pelo segundo e terceiro instares. Parasitóides não emergiram de lagartas de quinto e sexto instares ofertadas para o parasitismo. O desenvolvimento de M. mediator foi determinado em quatro temperaturas constantes entre 15ºC e 30ºC. A duração dos estágios de ovo-larva variou entre 32,3 dias e 15ºC e 8,0 dias a 30ºC. A duração do estágio pupal foi entre 24,3 e 5,1 dias, a 15ºC e 30ºC respectivamente. O desenvolvimento do parasitóide da oviposição ao estágio adulto requereu o total de 251,3 graus-dia, acima da temperatura-base de 10,3ºC. A 20ºC, a longevidade das fêmeas mantidas em atividade de oviposição (16,8 ± 1,81 dias) foi significativamente menor em comparação a fêmeas mantidas na ausência de hospedeiros (29,7 ± 1,83 dias). Fêmeas do parasitóide permaneceram ativas reprodutivamente até um dia antes da morte, e parasitaram em média 60,6 ± 8,40 hospedeiros de segundo instar durante a vida, com a média de 3,9 lagartas parasitadas por dia.
ABSTRACT
O efeito de quatro temperaturas no desenvolvimento do endoparasitóide larval Peleteria robusta (Wiedman), e a preferência do parasitóide por diferentes ínstares de seu hospedeiro, a lagarta do trigo Mythmina (Pseudaletia) sequax Franclemont foram avaliados. Fêmeas de P. robusta depositaram mais de um ovo sobre o corpo da lagarta hospedeira, porém apenas uma larva conseguiu completar o seu desenvolvimento e empupar dentro do corpo da lagarta. O parasitóide completou o seu desenvolvimento apenas em lagartas de quarto a sexto instar de M. sequax, com preferência pelo quarto e quinto ínstares. Lagartas de primeiro ao terceiro ínstar expostas a fêmeas de P. robusta não produziram parasitóides. O parasitóide completou seu desenvolvimento até o estágio adulto em todas as temperaturas e o período de incubação foi inferior a 24h nas quatro temperaturas avaliadas. Aporcentagem de adultos de P. robusta emergidos foi significativamente maior a 20ºC (56,2%) e 25ºC (70,0%) em comparação a 15ºC (29,2%) e 30ºC (9,5%). O tempo de desenvolvimento desde a oviposição até a emergência dos adultos variou de 23,8 dias a 30ºC até 90,3 dias a 15ºC. As constantestérmicas calculadas para os estágios de ovo+larva, pupa e para o período entre a oviposição e a emergência dos adultos foram de 266,9; 235,5 e 457,5 graus-dia, a partir de temperaturas base de6,7ºC, 9,7ºC e 9,3ºC, respectivamente. A 20ºC e 25ºC, o tempo de desenvolvimento foi significativamente menor para os machos em relação às fêmeas. Juntamente com outros parasitóides já descritos, P. robusta é mais um componente de um complexo de espécies que, em conjunto, causamum impacto significativo na redução de populações da lagarta do trigo.
The effect of four temperatures on the development of the larval endoparasitoidPeleteria robusta (Wiedman) as well as its preference for different instars of the host, the armyworm Mythmina (Pseudaletia) sequax Franclemont were evaluated. Females of P. robusta laid more than one egg outside the cuticle of the caterpillars, however only one parasitoid developed and pupated within the host. Females of P. robusta successfully parasitized the fourth- to sixth-instars of M. sequax, with preference for the fourth and fifth instars of the host. No parasitoids emerged from caterpillars exposed to P. robusta females between the first and third instars. The development of P. robusta to the adult stage was completed in the range between 15ºC and 30ºC, and the incubation period lasted less than 24h in all temperatures evaluated. Successful parasitism, asindicated by percentage of adult emergence, was significantly higher at 20ºC (56.2%) and 25ºC (70.0%), as compared to 15ºC (29.5%) or 30ºC (9.5%). Developmental time from oviposition to adult emergence ranged from 23.8 days at 30ºC to 90.3 days at 15ºC. At 20ºC and 25ºC, developmental time was significantly shorter for males as compared to females. The thermal constant for the egg + larval stages was 266.9 degree-days (DD) above a lower threshold of 6.7ºC; the pupal stage required 235.5 DD above 9.7ºC; and the development from oviposition to adultemergence was completed in 457.5 DD above a lower limit of 9.3ºC. Together with other parasitoids already described, P. robusta is another member of a complex of species that may have considerable importance in the natural control of the wheat armyworm.
ABSTRACT
Since the founding of the Düsseldorf Outpatient Cardiologic Rehabilitation Center (Berliner Allee) in 1990 approximately 500 outpatient rehabilitation measures were performed, predominantly as follow-up treatment. The Center is currently participating in 2 pilot programs in outpatient cardiologic rehabilitation initiated by pension scheme providers and health insurance companies. A holistic approach to the concept of therapy is fundamental to an intensive rehabilitation of the heart patients. In conjunction with physiotherapeutic exercise, a health education program and extensive psychological care form the basis of the broader therapy program. An on-going implementation of measures designed to assure the maintenance of structural and procedural quality is fundamental to the creation of a positive subjective experience on the part of the person undergoing rehabilitation as well as the attainment of the individual's specified rehabilitation goals.
Subject(s)
Ambulatory Care , Day Care, Medical , Heart Diseases/rehabilitation , Combined Modality Therapy , Germany , Humans , Patient Care Team , Quality Assurance, Health CareSubject(s)
Pancreatitis/etiology , Adult , Aged , Alcohol Drinking , Cholelithiasis/complications , Czechoslovakia , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Foram determinadas as concentrações das diferentes classes de imunoglobulinas humanas G, A e M em soros de recém nascidos, crianças e adultos da cidade de São Paulo, SP Brasil. Os valores obtidos foram comparados com os outros autores e submetidos a análise (AU).
Concentrations of different classes of human immunoglobulins G, A and M were determined in sera from newborns, children and adults in the city of São Paulo, SP Brazil. The values ââobtained were compared with those of other authors and submitted to analysis (AU).
Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Child , Adult , Infant, Newborn , Child , Adult , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Immunoglobulin A , Immunoglobulin G , Immunoglobulin MABSTRACT
Para o estudo do comportamento da resposta imune Neisseria Meningitidis dos grupos "A"e "C, fora feitas inoculação em quarenta coelhos e quatro carneiros, com bacterias vivas e mortas, bem como com polissacarídeos especificos dos grupos A e C com ou sem adjuvante, em diferentes doses e vias de inoculação. Foram feitas várias séries de inoculações para verificar o efeito secudário e terciário da resposta, bem como tipo de anticorpos envolvidos. O nível de anticorpos e a permanencia dos mesmos no soro foi medido através da reação de hemaglutinação passiva e da imunoeletroforese cruzada; esta última técnica foi utilizada nestes soros para detecção de antigenos polissacarídicos de N. animais quando com Meningitidis. A análise dos resultados obtidos mostra que não existe diferença nas respostas imunes, nas concentrações variadas de 5,6 x 107 a 2,4 x 10 10 bactérias por coelhos. Os anticorpos, tanto (AU).
