On the biocompatibility of IBM 2997 continuous flow plateletapheresis.

During the procedure of centrifugation cytapheresis donors occasionally experience adverse clinical reactions. We evaluated the possibility of whether activation of granulocytes and their subsequent release reactions, which may have been triggered by this extracorporeal circuit, were responsible for these adverse effects. Six blood samples were obtained during various set intervals during plateletapheresis. Of these, four samples were taken directly from each donor. The remaining two were drawn from the efferent lines, i.e. those which return blood from the cytapheresis machine back to the donor. Reactive oxygen species produced by granulocytes were monitored by chemiluminescence using microamounts of whole blood or isolated granulocytes. Furthermore, secreted granulocyte products such as neutral proteinase elastase, present in plasma in a complex with alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (complexed elastase), and lysosomal beta-glucuronidase were examined. A complete blood cell count, as well as values of haemoglobin, haematocrit, lactate dehydrogenase, protein, albumin and proteinase inhibitors such as alpha 2-macroglobulin and alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor were also determined. Complexed elastase increased from a preapheresis value of about 140 micrograms/l to about 180 micrograms/l at the end of the cytapheresis. All other clinical chemical and cytological values were 8 to 12 percent lower than preapheresis values, which can be attributed to inherent plasma volume expansion. Reduced chemiluminescence was observed upon stimulation of phagocytes in the whole blood assay (about 700 counts/min x 10(3) x 50,000 cells vs. about 600 counts/min x 10(3) x 50,000 cells). This decrease was also seen with stimulated granulocytes (about 5800 counts/min x 10(3) x 50,000 cells vs. about 4500 counts/min x 10(3) x 50,000 cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Changes in the thrombocyte count and density in thrombocyte concentrates during storage with reference to thrombocyte concentration and composition of the bags]. / Veränderungen der Thrombozytenzahl und -dichte in Thrombozytenkonzentraten während der Lagerung unter Berücksichtigung der Thrombozytenkonzentration und der Folienstruktur der Beutel.

25 platelet concentrates prepared from fresh whole blood are stored for 5 days in different bags: smooth inside surface: Poli-Olefine PL 732 (Fenwal) n = 11; PVC F 702 (Biotest) n = 5; rhombic inside surface: PVC BBC 1030 (Terumo) n = 9. Samples are separated with a Perkoll gradient of densities (1.053, 1.069, 1.079 and 1.095). The platelet count of each sample of the density fractions are determinated in a Neubauer counting chamber. Moreover, pH and pCO2 are estimated. The platelet count is reduced during storage in bags with rhombic inside structure. The analysis of pH and pCO2 do not show significant differences between the groups. In platelet concentrates with counts greater than 1200 x 10(9)/L, stored in bags with a rhombic inside surface, the highest portion of light (density 1.053) and the lowest portion of heavy (density 1.079) platelets are found at the end of storage time.

[Comparison of thrombocyte concentrates of the cell separator AS 104 with preparations of the cell separator CS 3000 (Fenwal)]. / Vergleich der Thrombozytenkonzentrate des Zellseparators AS 104 (Fresenius) mit Präparaten des Zellseparators CS 3000 (Fenwal).

Platelet concentrates of the cell separator AS 104 (Fresenius) are compared with those of the cell separator CS 3000 (Fenwal). At each cell separator two platelet preparation protocols and at CS 3000 additionally a WBC preparation protocol was analysed. Platelet counts before and after cellapheresis as well as separation efficiencies show no significant differences between the separation protocols (A, B) and the two cell separators. Platelets of varying volumes show different separation efficiencies. While in WBC concentrates the separation efficiencies of platelets continuously increase from small (2fl) to large (20 fl) platelets, the efficiencies in platelet concentrates decrease in volume range 2 fl-8 fl, and increase in range 8 fl-20 fl. There are no differences between the cell separators. The efficiencies of platelets with 2 fl and 4 fl volumes differ significantly (p less than 0.001) between the protocols A and B of AS 104. After WBC-donation, platelet loss of donors corresponds with platelet yields of the concentrates for the platelet volume range 2 fl-20 fl. Compared with the calculated platelet loss of donors after platelet donation more small platelets with 2 fl-8 fl volumes are found in platelet concentrates. The yields of platelets with 10 fl-20 fl volumes are in accordance with donor's platelet loss.

Evaluation of granulocyte-releasing products and chemiluminescence during cytapheresis.

During the procedures of centrifugation leukapheresis and plateletpheresis, donors occasionally experience adverse clinical reactions. The possibility of whether the activation of granulocytes and the subsequent release reactions, which may have been triggered by this extracorporeal circuit, were responsible for these adverse effects was evaluated. Six blood samples were obtained at set intervals during cytapheresis. Of these samples, four were taken directly from the donor. The remaining two were drawn from the efferent lines, i.e., those which return blood from the cytapheresis machine to the donor. Reactive oxygen species produced by granulocytes were measured by chemiluminescence (CL) using microamounts of whole blood or isolated granulocytes. Furthermore, secreted granulocyte products such as neutral proteinase elastase, which is present in plasma in a complex with alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (E-alpha-1-PI), and lysosomal beta-glucuronidase were examined. A complete blood cell count and the values of hemoglobin, hematocrit, lactate dehydrogenase, protein, albumin, and proteinase inhibitors such as alpha-2-macroglobulin and alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor were also determined. Clinical chemical and cytologic values, with the exception of those for E-alpha-1-PI, were 10 to 17 percent lower than values before apheresis. These results can be attributed to inherent plasma volume expansion. Reduced CL was observed on the stimulation of phagocytes in the whole blood assay, as well as with stimulated granulocytes. Unstimulated granulocytes, on the other hand, showed an increased native CL. These data do not indicate a cytapheresis-mediated activation of the oxidative metabolism of granulocytes, and the concomitant discharge of proteolytic enzymes remains, therefore, of no clinical importance.