ABSTRACT
During treatment of active pulmonary tuberculosis with isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol in 15 patients transaminase activity increased in seven to levels of 60-340 U/l (group I). In the other eight the laboratory values remained within normal limits (group II). Rifampicin levels in group I were significantly raised at 2 and 5 hours after administration of 10 mg/kg body weight on proven fasting. There was no significant difference between the two groups for isoniazid. Estimated half-life of rifampicin was significantly longer in the first than the second group. If there is evidence of chronic liver disease (by history or by chemical tests) the rifampicin dose should be decreased to less than 10 mg/kg body weight.
Subject(s)
Isoniazid/blood , Rifampin/blood , Transaminases/blood , Adult , Aged , Ethambutol/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Isoniazid/therapeutic use , Liver Diseases/complications , Male , Prospective Studies , Rifampin/administration & dosage , Rifampin/therapeutic use , Time Factors , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/enzymologySubject(s)
Gastroscopy/methods , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Gastroscopes , Humans , Stomach/injuriesABSTRACT
The Panendoscope F7 with a diameter of 9.5 mm, originally designed for pediatric endoscopy, was used in adults. First results are reported. The instrument has a shorter flexible tip facilitating biopsies in the esophagus. During exploration of the duodenal bulb tip of the instrument can be inverted in most cases allowing inspection of the pyloric region of the duodenum. The aboral part of a gastrojejunal anastomosis after partial gastrectomy can be visualized with the inverted tip of the panendoscope as well. The instrument does also facilitate endoscopic examination of the remaining stomach and of the afferent loop in patients partially gastrectomized. Emergency endoscopy can be done while a gastric tube removing blood during the examination may stay in position.
