[Regulated expression systems for gene therapy].

Gene therapy is a perspective and rapidly developing field of modern medicine, which is expected to improve state of or even cure patients that are not curable by classical methods of therapy. The logics of development of gene therapy in the near future will require the use of systems in which expression of therapeutic gene can be regulated. This review critically evaluates current regulated systems of gene therapy that can be divided into two major classes. The first class is formed by systems in which induction of therapeutic gene expression is effected by an external inducer introduced into an organism. The second class includes systems based on autoregulation principle that function without an external inducer. The review evaluates the most important systems of gene expression regulation belonging to the first class, namely systems based on tetracycline regulation, dimerization induced by rapamycin derivatives, regulation by steroid hormones, regulatory RNAs and physical principles. The most important systems of the second class that are regulated by oxygen or glucose levels are also discussed.

[Gene frequencies and heterozygosity of the AB0 and RH blood group alleles in the populations of two cities of the Donetsk region, Ukraine]. / Chastoty genov i geterozigotnost' po alleliam sistem grupp krovi ABO i RH naseleniia dvukh gorodov Donetskoi oblasti Ukrainy.

The frequencies of the AB0 and RH blood group alleles and heterozygosity indices were determined for the populations of two large industrial cities of Gorlovka and Mariupol. In the population of Gorlovka the gene frequencies were as follows: AB0*0 = 0.576, AB0*A = 0.266, AB0*B = 0.158, and RH*D = 0.592, in Mariupol the frequencies were AB0*0 = 0.584, AB0*A = 0.265, AB0*B = 0.151, and RH*D = 0.604. In Gorlovka the heterozygosity indices in respect to the AB0 and RH alleles were 0.572 and 0.483, respectively; in Mariupol, 0.566 and 0.478, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the two populations in respect to the genetic markers analyzed. However, the heterozygosity values obtained were more similar to the corresponding estimates for some populations of Russia, than for the total population of the Ukraine.